Objective:To investigate and improve the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Jiangsu Province. Methods:A questionnaire designed for this survey was used to learn about the diagnosis,treatment,glycemic control,education and follow-up of type 1 diabetes mellitus among endocrinologists from 35 tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province. Results:Altogether 417 valid questionnaires were collected. Among them,71.9% of endocrinologists preferred multiple daily injections basal-bolus insulin regimens from diagnosis,and 75.1% of endocrinologists had prescribed oral medicines in combination with insulin. There was no significant difference among different professional title groups(P > 0.05). Self-monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG)and hemoglobin A1C measurement were recommended by 91.4% and 85.6% of endocrinologists respectively. Hypoglycemic events and ketosis occurred in nearly 80% patients. The self-management skills had become the main factor influencing endocrinologists’ decisions.Conclusion:The mastering of basic perception of type 1 diabetes mellitus knowledge is satisfactory among the endocrinologists,while overall level of diagnosis and treatment remains to be improved.