Objective: To observe the effects of endotoxin tolerance induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） on the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and the level of apoptosis in human neutrophils. Methods: Neutrophils were pretreated with 1 μg/mL Porphyromonasgingivalis （P.gingivalis） LPS or 1 μg/mL Escherichia coli （E.coli） LPS for 12 h to induce cell tolerance. Then， the cells were washed and stimulated with the same LPS for additional 20 h （for ELISA） or 3 h （for flow cytometry）. Levels of IL-10 in supernatants and apoptosis of neutrophils were detected by ELISA and flow cytometry， respectively. Results: After 20 h， the amount of IL-10 secreted by neutrophils treated with P.gingivalis LPS or E.coli LPS was increased significantly compared with that without any stimulation （P<0.05）， while no significant changes of apoptosis in neutrophils with LPS stimulation were observed after 3 h （P>0.05）. After restimulation with P.gingivalis LPS or E.coli LPS， IL-10 production was increased significantly compared with that secreted by neutrophils challenged with the same LPS only once （P<0.05）. However， no significant changes of apoptosis in the short term were detected after P.gingivalis LPS retreatment for 3 h （P>0.05）， and apoptosis levels in the short term were significantly decreased after E.coli LPS restimulations for 3 h （P<0.05）. Conclusion: Endotoxin tolerance might contribute to the increased production of IL-10 in human neutrophils， but the effects of tolerance on apoptosis might depend on the types of LPS.