Objective:To observe the protective effects of short-term(24 h)fasting pretreatment on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury patients undergoing excision of partial liver after occlusion of hepatic blood flow. Methods:A prospective randomly controlled study was conducted. Eighty patients with liver tumor classified as Child-Pugh class A undergoing hepatectomy were enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU from November 2015 to May 2016. The patients were randomized into control group and experimental group(each patient received a 24 hour-fasting,8 hour-fasting for water).Those patients then were divided into subgroups according to tumor size and time of clamping porta hepatis. Complete hepatic functions were determined before and after operation(1,3,7 d). Results:Compared with those indexes before operation,the postoperative levels of afalanine transaminase(ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),total bilirubin (TB) and direct bilirubin (DB) in control and the experimental groups were both significantly elevated. ALT in the experimental group after operation(1,3,7 day)was significantly lower than that in control group(P < 0.05). Although TB and DB in the experimental group after operation(1,3 day) were lower than those in the control group(P < 0.05). No statistical significance were found in total protein,albumin and the rate of vomplication between the two groups(P > 0.05). It was significant that postoperative levels of ALT(1,3 day) in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group regardless of tumor size and time of clamping porta hepatis(P < 0.05). Conclusion:Hepatic I/R injury may occur in patients undergoing resection of tumor with occlusion of hepatic blood flow. Short-term fasting pretreatment may inhibit the release of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase anti-inflammatory factor productions and the effects of autophagy,thereby alleviate hepatic I/R injury.