Objective：To study the quality standard system of Fujian Gelsemium elegans. Methods：Empirical and microscopic identification methods were adopted to measure morphological and histological characters. The contents of moisture，total ash，acid-insoluble ash，ethanol-soluble extractives，and koumine were studied according to the methods of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Results：The macroscopical identification and microscopic features were described. The average contents of koumine，moisture，total ash，acid-inso-luble ash，and alcohol-soluble extractive were 0.34%，10.0%，6.9%，1.2%，and 13.7%，respectively. Conclusion：The results of pharmacognostical study and quality inspection provide scientific reference for identification，development of quality standards and utilization of Gelsemium elegans in Fujian province.