Objective: This study evaluated the clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） who received thoracoscopic radical resection, to develop better understanding of diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC. Meth-ods: A total of 103 patients with NSCLC at stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ, who underwent thoracoscopic radical resection, were followed up by telephone interview, and the results were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test and a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model. Results: The average age of the 103 patients was 61.5±9.4 years old. Among these patients, there was a predominance of male patients （75.7%）; adenocarcinoma occupied the highest proportion in all pathological types, which accounted for 60.2%; phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ occupied the highest proportion, which accounted for 70.9%. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 96.1%, 77.0% and 67.3%, respectively. The patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） presented worse survival rates （94.1%, 47.1%, and 40.3%, respectively） than those without COPD （96.5%, 86.0%, and 72.6%, respectively） （P<0.05）. Conclusion: The majority of patients with NSCLC, who underwent thoracoscopic radical resection, were males with smoking, and the main pathological type was adenocarcinoma. The 5-year survival rate of patients with stage I was 76.0%. Long-term survival after thoracoscopic radical resection for patients with NSCLC is correlated with the presence of COPD or percent predicted DLCO, which can be used in the risk and benefit assessment when choosing surgery.