Objective: To investigate the curative effect of minimally invasive hematoma puncture in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and the effect on the nerve function and the expression of inflammatory factors in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A total of 74 hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients were selected and grouped according to the filing order of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage from October 2013 to August 2015, 37 cases in each group. The control group was treated with small bone window hematoma, the study group was treated with minimally invasive hematoma puncture. The patients were followed up from 3 to 6 months. After surgery, we compared the statistical operation, clinical efficacy, complications, analysis of preoperative and last follow-up two group of neural function defect score (NIHSS), daily life ability score (BI) and serum inflammatory factor ［tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) level change］ of the two groups. Results: ① Operation: The operation time (12.34 ± 5.54) min, intraoperative blood loss (40.31 ± 10.27) mL, ambulation time (5.04 ± 2.82) d, and hospitalization time (16.30 ±2.61) d in the study group were less than those of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); ② Neurological function and ability of daily living: There was no significant difference in NIHSS score and BI score between the former two groups (P>0.05), after operation, the NIHSS score of the study group (4.08±1.35) was lower than that of the control group (6.49±1.13), and the BI score (60.63±8.08) was higher than that of the control group (46.82±6.81), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); ③ Clinical effect: The effective rate of the study group was 91.89% (34/37), which was higher than that of the control group 72.97% (27/37), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); ④ Serum inflammatory factors: There was no significant difference in the levels of hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α in two groups before operation (P>0.05), the levels of serum inflammatory factors in two groups were lower than those before operation, and hs-CRP (7.14± 3.05) mg/L, IL-6 (14.18 ± 3.16) ng/L, TNF-α(40.10±3.03) μg/L of the study group was lower than that of the control group ［(12.11 ± 3.35) mg/L, IL-6 (27.19 ± 3.98) ng/L, TNF-α(53.22 ±3.32) μg/L］, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); ⑤ Complication rate: The incidence of complication was 5.41%(2/37) in the study group, which was lower than that in the control group (9/37), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: The effect of minimally invasive hematoma puncture in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage is significant, which can improve neurological function of patients and ability of daily living, reduce the operation time and blood loss during operation, decrease serum levels of inflammatory factors, and improve the treatment effect with high safety.