Long non-coding RNAs（lncRNAs） are a class of RNA molecules with length longer than 200 nucleotides regulating gene expression and playing an important role in the physiological and pathological process，differential expression of lncRNA is significantly associated with tumorigenesis and tumor progression. LncRNA gene variants can alter the genetic structure，led to wide polymorphisms of lncRNA genes which involved in carcinogenesis，metastasis and prognosis. They are expected to become novel tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review summarized the recent progresses worldwidely to explore the importance of lncRNA gene polymorphisms as potential clinical tumor markers in the risk assessment，curative effect prediction and prognostic judgment.