Objective：To observe the effect of blocking electronic respiratory chain on the development of early female germ cells. Methods：We labeled normal，control and treatment group with germ cells associated markers：DDX4（DEAD Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp box polypeptide 4），γ-H2AX（the phosphorylated form of Histone H2AX），OCT4（POU domain，class 5，transcription factor 1）and STRA8（stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8） to assay the effects of the early female germ cells after blocking the electron respiratory chain by antimycin A（AMA）. Results：12.0 dpc（days postcoitum）female mice gonads were cultured in vitro，and we found aberrant gonadogenesis after treatment with AMA，showing obviously decreased ATP（adenosine triphosphate）and increased ROS（reactive oxygen species），thus，leading to the abnormal meiosis initiation. Conclusion：The electron respiratory chain was highly linked with the gonads development in female mice.