Objective：To investigate the expression and clinical significance of interleukin（IL）-36γ in serum and bronchial epithelial cells of asthma patients. Methods：The levels of serum IL-36γ of 24 cases of asthma patients and 24 cases of healthy volunteers were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The effects of asthma-related inflammatory mediators on IL-36γ expression were examined by real time quantitative PCR in human bronchial epithelial cell line（16HBE）. Results：The levels of serum IL-36γ were significantly increased in asthma patients compared with healthy controls［（175.90 ±25.70）pg/mL vs.（100.40 ± 8.49）pg/mL，P=0.008］. Specifically，The increased levels of serum IL-36γ were negatively correlated with the reduced lung function including FEV1/FVC（r=-0.347，P=0.016）and FEV1% pred（r=-0.454，P=0.001）and had a positive correlation with serum IL-13 levels（r=0.611，P=0.003）. Moreover，IL-36γ expression was highest in uncontrolled group of asthma patients than those without asthma（P < 0.001）or those with well to partly controlled asthma（P < 0.05）. In vitro，IL-13 treatment induced a dose and time-dependent up-regulation of IL-36γ mRNA expression in 16HBE. Conclusion：Serum IL-36γ levels are elevated in asthma patients compared with healthy control subjects. Serum IL-36γ may be a potential novel circulating biomarker for the disease assessment and monitoring of asthma.