Objective：To establish a method for the determination of elements in serum of patients with bloodstream infection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）. Combined with metallomics，we obtained the metal element profile of E. coli bloodstream infection（BSI）and screened key element markers，which provides proof for diagnosis and prevention of bloodstream infection. Methods：Taking 6Li，89Y，45Sc，115In，159Tb，and 209Bi as internal standards，ICP-MS was used to measure 68 kinds of metal elements in serum of 199 normal humans，diluting serum samples and internal standard method for correction，with kinetic energy discrimination to eliminate mass spectroscopic interference. Meanwhile，68 kinds of metal elements in serum from 19 BSI patients with E. coli infection and 19 healthy people were tested by ICP-MS. Statistical analysis was performed using principal components analysis（PCA）and partial least squares discriminate analysis（PLS-DA），and the differences were analyzed. Results：Based on ICP-MS，the profile of metal elements in blood serum of patients with BSI and healthy people was established，and the differential elements Zn，Ce，Pd，Cu，Sn，Se，Ba，Au and Fe in the serum of the patients with BSI and healthy controls were screened out. Conclusion：We established multi-elementary metal profiles using ICP-MS in human serum，which is acceptable for a clinical routine analysis. There were differences in the serum elements between BSI patients and the healthy controls. The results provide a basis for the diagnosis，prevention and treatment of blood bacterial infections from the perspective of metallomics.