Objective：To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of Intraoperative cryoablation therapy（IOCT）in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods：The clinical data of 30 patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer who underwent IOCT were analyzed retrospectively from January 2017 to October 2018. The following parameters were collected before and after the operation to assess the effectiveness and the safety of the procedure：tumor markers，clinical images，immunological markers，pain score and the rate of perioperative complications. Results：All the patients underwent a safe operation and the average tumor size was（4.62 ± 1.49）cm，all of which were locally advanced pancreatic cancer（4 cases of stageⅡb and 26 cases of stage Ⅲ according the AJCC standard）. The average operation time was（124.0±21.8）min. There were 8 cases of pancreatic fistula（26.7%），including 7 cases of grade A fistula and 1 case of grade B fistula. 7 cases had gastric emptying obstruction（23.3%），and there was a sustained decrease in CA19-9 level at 2 weeks after the operation（P < 0.05）. The pain score was significantly lower than that before the operation（P < 0.01）. Serum immunological markers increased to peak 1 week post-operatively（P < 0.01），and returned to normal after 2 weeks. CT showed that the size of the tumor had decreased（P=0.054）. Conclusion：intraoperative argon-helium cryoablation is safe and effective in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The rate of remission is high. Therefore，further standardization of the technique can improve the accuracy of the local ablation of pancreatic cancer and can minimize complications.