Traditionally，testosterone therapy can promote the growth of prostate cancer cells，so testosterone therapy is not suitable for prostate cancer patients，but the results of recent researches are contrary to the axiom. The current research indicates that the high endogenous androgen levels do not increase the incidence of prostate cancer and do not contribute to disease progression in prostate cancer patients. Androgen saturation model seems to explain this phenomenon；and for the prostate cancer patients with testosterone deficiency（TD），testosterone therapy can improve the quality of life. The role of testosterone on the growth and treatment of prostate cancer is complex，and further exploration is needed. Therefore，this article reviews the recent research on the relationship between testosterone and prostate cancer.