Objective：This study aims to evaluate the effect of muscone on the cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin（DOX） and explore its possible mechanism. Methods：Total 24 adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups：normal saline group（control group，n=4），normal saline + muscone group（muscone group，n=4），doxorubicin + normal saline group（DOX group，n=8）and doxorubicin + muscone group（DOX + muscone group，n=8），reared for 5 weeks after drug treatment. Left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）was detected by cardiac ultrasonography before drug treatment，2 weeks after drug treatment and 5 weeks after drug treatment. Mouse was executed 6 weeks after drug treatment，and the isolated heart tissue was collected to detect the expression levels of Bax，Bcl-2，and cleaved-caspase-3 by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. H9C2 cells were divided into 4 groups（control group，muscone group，DOX group，DOX + muscone group） according to drug treatment for 24 hours，and the expression levels of Bax，Bcl-2，caspase-3，and cleaved-caspase-3 were assessed by Western blot. Results：Compared with the control group. The muscone group had no significant changes in cardiac function and apoptotic indicators. The cardiac function of the mice in the DOX group decreased. The expressions of Bax，cleaved-caspase-3 increased significantly（P < 0.05），and the expression of Bcl-2 decreased significantly（P＜0.05）in mouse cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cells. Compared with the DOX group，the heart function of the mice in the DOX + muscone group was not significantly reduced，the upward trend of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 expression was reversed（P＜0.05），and Bcl-2 expression was increased（P＜0.05）in mouse cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cells. Conclusion：Muscone plays a protective role in myocardial damage induced by doxorubicin，and can reduce myocardial cell apoptosis induced by doxorubicin.