Objective：This study aims to evaluate the efficiencies of modified 308 nm monochromatic excimer light（MEL）and fractional CO2 laser respectively combining with topical calcipotriol treatments for refractory vitiligo with leukotrichia，and to search for factors associated with the treatment response. Methods：A prospective research was performed in 60 patients of refractory vitiligo with leukotrichia treated in the Department of Dermatology，The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from May 2019 to August 2019，they were divided into group A and group B according to the random number table. Group A was treated with modified 308-nm MEL，a black opaque cloth with the same shape as the lesion is closely attached to the lesion surface，and the edge of the cloth is 1mm from the inner side of the lesion edge，the light focuses on the edge of the lesion，three times a week，36 times a course，combined with topical calcipotriol. Group B was treated with fractional CO2 laser once a month，3 times a course，combined with topical calcipotriol. The treatment time of both groups lasts for 3 months. The clinical efficacy and repigmentation pattern of both groups were assessed. We also assessed the factors associated with the clinical efficacy. Results：After treatment，the effective rate and markedly effective rate of group A（89.5%，50.9%）were significantly higher than group B（67.6%，22.1%）（P < 0.01）. In group A，39（68.4%）lesions showed marginal repigmentation，10（17.8%）lesions showed mixed repigmentation，6（10.5%）lesions showed perifollicular repigmentation，2（3.5%）lesions showed diffuse repigmentation. In group B，49（72.1%）lesions showed marginal repigmentation，9（13.2%）lesions showed perifollicular repigmentation，6（8.8%）lesions showed diffuse repigmentation，4（5.9%）lesions showed mixed repigmentation. Multivariable analysis showed the following to be independent factors with markedly effect：disease duration≤2 years，duration with no repigmentation≤1 year，without elevated serum thyroid antibody，face and neck site，and nonsegmental subtype. Conclusions：Both combinations of modified 308 nm MEL and topical calcipotriol，and fractional CO2 laser and topical calcipotriol in the treatment of refractory vitiligo with leukotrichia have good clinical effect. The combination of modified 308-nm MEL and topical calcipotriol showed better therapeutic effect than the combination of fractional CO2 laser and topical calcipotriol. Marginal repigmentation pattern occurred most frequently in refractory vitiligo with leukotrichia. Disease duration，duration with no repigmentation，serum thyroid antibody，lesion site and subtype were shown to be independent prognostic factors of markedly effect in patients of refractory vitiligo with leukotrichia.