Retinoblastoma（RB）is the most common ocular malignancy in children. Despite a recently enhanced understanding of the etiology of RB，the mortality associated with it remains high worldwide. Hence，it's urgent to find better treatments. Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolism process in eukaryotes. Studies have shown that autophagy plays a crucial role in the progression of RB，and it is expected to become a new target for RB treatment. This article reviews the role of autophagy in the development and treatment of retinoblastoma，and provides new ideals for clinical treatment of RB.