Objective：To investigate the distribution of glucose metabolism in the brain of type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. Methods：Retrospective analysis was performed on 47 patients with T2DM who had been clinically confirmed and had no significant brain injury，62 healthy persons were selected as healthy control（HC）group. Statistical parametric mapping（SPM）was used to analyze 18Fluoro-2-deoxyglucosel（18F-FDG） positron emission tomography/computed tomography（PET/CT）imaging data in the brain of two groups，two independent sample t-test based on voxel level was performed. Talairach coordinate values and corresponding brain regions with different cerebral glucose metabolism were obtained. Results：Brain PET/CT imaging of T2DM patients showed regional abnormal patterns of cerebral glucose metabolism，decreased glucose metabolism in the cognitive cortex of the frontal and parietal lobes of the brain，and increased glucose metabolism in the extensive white matter region，all of which showed statistically significant differences compared with HC group（P < 0.001）. Conclusion：Increased white matter metabolism related to inflammatory response may aggravate white matter damage in T2DM patients，while hypermetabolism in the cognitive gray matters of the posterior cerebellum may have a negative feedback effect on the cerebral cognitive cortex. This specific regional differential pattern of cerebral glucose metabolism provides a material basis for the study of cognitive impairment in T2DM.