In recent years，with the continuous promotion and improvement of enhanced recovery after surgery（ERAS），rapid recovery has become an important part of perioperative management of gastrointestinal tumors. Under the influence of ERAS，the average hospital stay of patients has been significantly shortened，but some complications（such as anastomotic leakage） are difficult to be detected early，thus increasing the risk of hospital readmission. A large number of literatures proposed that some inflammatory factors were significantly correlated with postoperative anastomotic leakage and had important predictive value in its occurrence，but its predictive value in risk management and control in ERAS has not been reported. In this paper，research progress of inflammatory factors in predicting anastomotic leakage in postoperative ERAS management of digestive tract tumors was reviewed，in order to search for more sensitive predictors to guide patients discharged safely.