Objective：This study aims to estimate the burden of diseases from high total cholesterol（TC）among population in Nanjing between 2011 and 2017. Methods：Population attributable fraction（PAF） of high TC were calculated by using data related to TC levels from chronic disease risk factor surveillance in Nanjing，2011 and 2017. By using the PAFs，data related to death and demographics of people in Nanjing were used to estimate the burden of diseases from high TC. Results：The level of TC in Nanjing population aged 25 and above was（4.57±1.86）mmol/L in 2011，（4.58±2.16）mmol/L for males and（4.55±1.58）mmol/L for females respectively，while appeared as （4.66±1.10）mmol/L in 2017，higher in females （4.71±1.11）mmol/L than that in males （4.61±1.09）mmol/L. In 2017，the level of TC was higher than that in 2011 among total population and women. As total of 4.77% of all deaths were attributed to high TC，while appeared as 5.78% in 2017 by increased of 21.17%. The mortality rate attributed to high TC in Nanjing population was 36.24/100 000 in 2011，which decreased to 30.08/100 000 in 2017，with a decrease of 17.00% in total，21.82% in males and 11.29% in females respectively. Compared with 2011（631.07/100 000），the rate of years of life lost（YLL） due to high TC in 2017（495.35/100 000） decreased by 21.51%. The loss of life expectancy caused by high TC in 2011 for Nanjing population was 0.45 years，higher in females（0.49 years）than that in males（0.41 years），and the loss of life expectancy in 2017 was 0.66 years，higher in females（0.78 years） than in males（0.54 years）. Conclusion：High TC is a major risk factor for the burden of diseases and death. Deaths and loss of life expectancy caused by high TC increased from 2011 to 2017 in Nanjing.