Objective：This study aims to observe the changes of miRNA-199a-5p expression in human skin fibroblasts with thermal injury and its effects on the proliferation，migration and invasion of skin fibroblasts. Methods：Cell models of thermal injury were established using human skin fibroblast cell line by bathing in water at 52℃ for 30 s and 60 s，respectively，and the thermal injury of cells was observed and compared. The proliferation rate of cells 24 h and 48 h after thermal injury was detected by MTT assay. The changes of miRNA-199a-5p expression in the cells 24 and 48 h after thermal injury were determined through qRT-PCR. Cell migration and invasion were detected using wound-healing assay and Transwell assay. The expression of miRNA-199a-5p in thermally injured cells was increased using mimics，and the proliferation and invasion of thermally injured cells were detected. Results：Bathing in water at 52 ℃ for 30 s could successfully establish a thermal injury model in human skin fibroblasts. After thermal injury，miRNA-199a-5p expression was down-regulated［24 h，（2.67±0.35）%，P＜0.001；48 h，（18.42±0.44）%，P＜0.001］，cell proliferation was significantly inhibited［24 h，（17.10±3.21）%，P＜0.002；48 h，（25.93±1.74）%，P＜0.001］，cell migration decreased significantly［（35.35±7.07）%，P＜0.001］，and cell invasion was also significantly inhibited［（57.14±9.52）%，P＜0.007］. After enhancing miRNA-199a-5p expression in the thermally injured cells using mimics，the proliferation of the cells increased significantly［（136.55±6.14）%，P＜0.003］，and the invasion ability of the cells was enhanced［（136.55±6.14）%，P＜0.003］. Conclusion：The expression level of miRNA-199a-5p in human skin fibroblasts with thermal injury is positively correlated with cell proliferation，migration and invasion. Increasing the expression level of miRNA-199a-5p in thermally injured cells can help it rapid return.