Metabolic diseases are chronic diseases caused by multiple factors such as genetic and environmental factors，which develop slowly and are difficult to cure. Anthocyanins play a good role in health promotion by lowering blood sugar，lowering blood lipids，increasing insulin secretion，anti-cardiovascular disease，anti-cancer and other aspects，and are believed to promote the health of patients with diabetes，obesity，cancer and other diseases. In this paper，the mechanisms of anthocyanins in metabolic diseases were summarized in order to provide theoretical basis for the application of anthocyanins in metabolic diseases.