Objective：This study aims to investigate the contribution of M1 long-term potentiation（LTP）-like plasticity to the improvement of cognitive function by high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at healthy rat’s head. Methods：A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into control group and rTMS group（n=12）. The cognitive function was detected by Morris water maze. The M1 plasticity was reflected by the motor-evoked potential（MEP） before and after rTMS on the primary cortex（M1），the protein expressions of NR1，NR2A and NR2B in the M1 region of rats after high frequency rTMS were detected by Western blot. Results：After treatment，the spatial episodic memory and M1 plasticity showed significant improvement versus the control group（P＜0.05）. High-frequency rTMS in the prefrontal cortex can enhance the plasticity of the M1 region，which is characterized by increased LTP-like plasticity and up-regulated NR1 and NR2A protein expression in the M1 region. And the changes of LTP-like plasticity in M1 region were positively correlated with spatial episodic memory ability （P＜0.05）. Conclusion：High-frequency rTMS could improve spatial episodic memory and cortical LTP-like plasticity in healthy rats，and the improvement in spatial contextual memory was positively correlated with motor cortical plasticity.