Objective:To investigate the relationship between OCEAN personality theory (neuroticism,extraversion,openness,agreeableness,conscientiousness) and academic performance of nursing undergraduates,and provide the evidence for the teachers when they train students improving their comprehensive professional ability. Methods:Nursing students’ personality traits were measured by NEO-PI-R scale and their scores of five professional courses were selected. Results:There were different levels of relevant between the neuroticism,agreeableness,conscientiousness of the personality and the academic achievement. There were also different scores among different academic performances by NEO-PI-R partition scale. Conclusion:It is concerned that certain personality traits of nursing undergraduates should impact their academic achievement.