Though reinterpreting the characteristics and significance of holism of traditional Chinese medicine from the view of existentialism, phenomenology and structuralism, the author believes that traditional Chinese medicine is a recognizing framework based on Chinese language, and it is Chinese structuralism with a different method compared with the western culture, all the theories of traditional Chinese medicine are based on the self-evidence of living world. Scientific spirit and humane features of traditional Chinese medicine lie in healthy living perspective and considering its subject under the field of medicine as a whole alive human being.