The effective utilization of scientific research resource is the key point to improve the level of medical undergraduates’ education. This article was based on the questionnaire survey from 412 undergraduates of Nanjing Medical University in two consecutive years, indicating their cognition and utilization status of scientific research resource. The survey described the cognition and using experience of scientific research resources’ connotation, infrastructure, personnel, funds, practice opportunities and information. The results indicated that the understanding of these resources and utilization were still in the primary stage and some key problems had not been solved satisfactorily with considerable space of promotion. Finally, the authors put forward countermeasures and prospects to work out the problem, then to improve the efficiency of research resource utilization in medical undergraduate education, enhance scientific research quality of medical students, and provide valuable experience for undergraduates’ education.