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通讯作者:

周卫忠,E-mail:xmjbq007@163.com

中图分类号:R575.2

文献标识码:A

文章编号:1007-4368(2023)01-060-06

DOI:10.7655/NYDXBNS20230109

参考文献 1
GIBSON P R,GIBSON R N,DITCHFIELD M R,et al.Splenomegaly ⁃ an insensitive sign of portal hypertension [J].Aust N Z J Med,1990,20(6):771-774
参考文献 2
LV Y,YEE LAU W,WU H,et al.Causes of peripheral cy⁃ topenia in hepatitic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive sple⁃ nomegaly[J].Exp Biol Med(Maywood),2017,242(7):744-749
参考文献 3
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参考文献 4
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参考文献 5
LIU J,MA J,YANG C,et al.Impact of TIPS on splenic volume and thrombocytopenia[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,2021,216(3):698-703
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参考文献 8
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参考文献 9
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参考文献 10
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参考文献 11
JABBOUR N,ZAJKO A,ORONS P,et al.Does transjugu⁃ lar intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)resolve throm⁃ bocytopenia associated with cirrhosis?[J].Dig Dis Sci,1998,43(11):2459-2462
参考文献 12
BUCSICS T,LAMPICHLER K,VIERZIGER C,et al.Cov⁃ ered transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt im⁃ proves hypersplenism ⁃ associated cytopenia in cirrhosis [J].Dig Dis Sci,2022,67(12):5693-5703
参考文献 13
GSCHWANTLER M,VAVRIK J,GEBAUER A,et al.Course of platelet counts in cirrhotic patients after implan⁃ tation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt⁃a prospective,controlled study[J].J Hepatol,1999,30(2):254-259
参考文献 14
梁珊珊,刘英,罗开宏,等.TIPS对肝硬化门静脉高压患者血小板的影响及其预后因素分析[J].国际检验医学杂志,2019,40(14):1691-1693
参考文献 15
童玉云,王家平,朱清亮,等.肝硬化门脉高压患者经颈静脉肝内门腔分流术后肝功能随访及疗效评估[J].介入放射学杂志,2013,22(7):540-544
参考文献 16
谭卿,王江云,彭崎峰,等.经颈静脉肝内门腔分流术后肝功能随访及危险因素分析[J].中华介入放射学电子杂志,2022,10(1):50-55
参考文献 17
PANG N,ZHAO C,LI J,et al.Body mass index changes after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in indi⁃ viduals with cirrhosis[J].Nutrition,2021,84:111095
参考文献 18
LV Y,GONG X,XIE X,et al.Clinical study on the rela⁃ tionship between hematocytopenia and splenomegaly caused by cirrhotic portal hypertension[J].Cell Biochem Biophys,2014,70(1):355-360
参考文献 19
LV Y,WU H,LAU W Y,et al.Impact of total splenecto⁃ my on peripheral lymphocytes and their subsets in pa⁃ tients with hypersplenism associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension[J].Sci Rep,2021,11(1):21246
参考文献 20
梁利民,徐鹤翔,郑吉顺,等.RDW、NLR联合MELD评分评估失代偿期肝硬化患者预后的临床价值[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2020,40(2):217-222
目录contents

    摘要

    目的:评估肝硬化门静脉高压患者行经颈内静脉肝内门体静脉分流术(transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, TIPS)对脾脏体积和血细胞的影响。方法:回顾性收集南京医科大学第一附属医院介入放射科2015年5月—2020年12月的 120 例肝硬化门静脉高压患者行 TIPS 术前、术后(1、3、6、12 个月)的一般情况、实验室及 CT 影像学信息,使用 Friedman 检验和 Spearman 相关分析评价 TIPS 手术前后脾脏体积、血小板计数、血红蛋白和白细胞计数变化情况。结果:120 例患者术前至术后 12个月各项观察指标中,脾脏体积从术前749.3(479.0,1152.2)cm3 缩小至577.4(343.0,884.1)cm3P < 0.001),血小板计数从50(40,80)×109 个/L增加至86.5(60,124)×109 个/L(P < 0.001),血红蛋白从81(70,94)g/L增加至121(106,132)g/L (P < 0.001),白细胞计数从 4.1(2.5,6.6)×109 个/L 增加至 5.9(5.0,7.0)×109 个/L(P < 0.001)。术后第 1 个月脾脏体积和血细胞的变化率最大,脾脏缩小6.5%,而血小板计数、血红蛋白、白细胞计数分别增加15.1%、17.3%、11.2%,且血小板增加率与脾脏体积缩小率明显相关(P < 0.05)。结论:TIPS术后脾脏体积缩小,血小板计数、血红蛋白和白细胞计数增加,并且在术后第1个月改善最明显。血小板增加率与脾脏体积缩小率明显相关。

    Abstract

    Objective:To evaluate the impact of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)on splenic volume and blood corpuscle. Methods:The general information,laboratory and CT imaging data of 120 patients with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis were retrospectively collected before and 1,3,6 and 12 months after TIPS from May 2015 to December 2020 in Department of Interventional Radiology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The changes of splenic volume,platelet count,hemoglobin,and leukocyte count before and after TIPS were evaluated by Friedman test and Spearman correlation analysis. Results:Changes of observed indexes of 120 patients from preoperation to postoperative 12 months:the splenic volume decreased from 749.3(479.0,1152.2)cm3 to 577.4(343.0,884.1)cm3P < 0.001),platelet(PLT)count increased from 50(40,80)×109 /L to 86.5(60,124)×109 /L(P < 0.001),hemoglobin(Hb)increased from 81(70,94)g/L to 121(106,132)g/L(P < 0.001)and the leukocyte (WBC)count increased from 4.1(2.5,6.6)×109 /L to 5.9(5.0,7.0)×109 /L(P < 0.001). The rate of change in splenic volume and corpuscle was the most obvious in the first month after TIPS and the spleen had shunk by 6.5%,and the PLT count,Hb,and WBC count increased by 15.1%,17.3% and 11.2% respectively. In addition,the rate of increase in PLT was significantly correlated with the rate of decrease in splenic volume. Conclusion:The splenic volume is decreased and PLT count,Hb and WBC count are increased after TIPS,and the improvement is the most obvious in the first month after TIPS. The rate of increase in PLT is significantly related to the rate of decrease in splenic vloume.

    关键词

    TIPS血小板血红蛋白白细胞脾脏体积

    Keywords

    TIPSplatelethemoglobinleukocytesplenic volume

  • 约67%肝硬化门静脉高压患者可发生脾肿大、脾功能亢进[1],通常伴有血细胞减少[2],肝硬化门静脉高压可导致出血、贫血和继发感染等并发症。脾脏体积与门静脉压力的高低直接相关[3]。经颈内静脉肝内门体静脉分流术(transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt,TIPS)建立门体分流道,可有效降低门静脉压力,改善脾肿大进而影响血细胞的变化。目前关于脾肿大的评估方法大多采用超声或 CT测量脾脏长径[4],测量误差较大[5],本研究拟采用 CT三维重建精确测量脾脏体积。对于TIPS术后血细胞与脾脏体积的相关性和血细胞在术后的持续动态变化情况,目前文献报道较少。因此,本研究旨在通过基于CT脾脏体积的客观测量以及对血细胞的规律随访,评估肝硬化门静脉高压患者行TIPS 术对脾脏体积和血细胞的影响。

  • 1 对象和方法

  • 1.1 对象

  • 回顾性收集 2015 年 5 月—2020 年 12 月在本中心行 TIPS 的 230 例肝硬化合并门静脉高压患者的临床资料。依据术前病史、临床症状和体征 (如出血、腹水等门静脉高压症状)、实验室检查和影像学(CT 增强)筛查,确定是否符合 TIPS 治疗适应证。纳入标准:①年龄 >18 岁的肝硬化患者,成功行TIPS;②TIPS手术前后有完整的1年及以上实验室及影像学资料。排除标准:①脾切除术后;②脾静脉因血栓未完全再通;③肝癌及血液系统疾病;④严重的心、肺、肾等脏器功能不全。总计有120例患者纳入该研究(图1)。本研究经医院伦理委员会批准,所有患者均知情同意。

  • 图1 纳排流程图

  • Figure1 Flow chart of inclusion and exclusion

  • 1.2 方法

  • 1.2.1 手术方法

  • TIPS手术由拥有10年以上介入手术经验的专业医师完成。采用Seldinger法穿刺右侧颈内静脉,扩张成功后,在导丝引导下置管于肝静脉。经股动脉穿刺,导丝引导至肠系膜上动脉行正侧位间接门静脉造影。后从右侧颈内静脉入路引入穿刺针,透视下从肝静脉经肝实质穿刺门静脉左支或者右支,成功后送入导管进入门静脉主干测压造影,显示门静脉血流情况及曲张静脉情况,静脉曲张明显者行弹簧圈和/或组织胶栓塞。后交换硬导丝,球囊扩张后,引入支架建立分流通道。造影复查支架位置及分流情况,复测门静脉压力。后拔出导丝导管,穿刺点加压包扎固定。

  • 1.2.2 观察指标

  • 通过病历系统 IIH 及 PACS 系统获取患者所有数据资料。基线资料选取为术前1周内相关检查结果,包括年龄、性别、病因、TIPS适应证、实验室和影像学资料等。随访时间为术后1、3、6、12个月。随访内容包括实验室及影像学数据,主要为血小板、血红蛋白、白细胞计数等血细胞检验结果和上腹部增强CT数据。

  • 1.2.3 脾脏体积的测量方法

  • 通过 CT 扫描仪检查患者,在 PACS 系统上获取 1.25 mm 薄层动态图像,Mango 软件改变格式为 nii.gz,后使用3D⁃Slicer(Version 5.0.2)导入薄层动态影像,依次点击 Modules、Segment Editor、Nvidia AIAA、Model segmentation ⁃ct ⁃spleen、Boundary、Start逐层勾画修饰后依次点击Models、Information,测量出脾脏体积(图2)。

  • 图2 脾脏体积重建图

  • Figure2 The reconstructed image of splenic volume

  • 1.3 统计学方法

  • 所有统计分析均使用 Graph Pad Prism 和 SPSS 26.0软件。分类变量表示为例数(百分比)[n(%)]。使用 Shapiro⁃Wilk 检验对度量变量进行正态分布检验。正态分布变量表示为均值±标准差(x-±s),偏态变量表示为中位数(四分位数)[MP25P75)]。在适用的情况下,采用Friedman检验来评估脾脏体积和血细胞随时间的变化,计算Spearman秩相关系数评估两个变量之间的相关性。P <0.05为差异有统计学意义。

  • 2 结果

  • 2.1 患者的基本资料

  • 本研究患者平均年龄(59 ± 12)岁,男 70 例 (58%)。手术适应证中因消化道出血行 TIPS 治疗 105 例(88%),难治性腹水患者 25 例(21%)。肝硬化病因中病毒性肝炎患者51例(42%)。Child⁃Pugh 评分 A 级 22 例(18%),B 级 77 例(64%),C 级 21 例 (18%)。中位终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分为 12 (9,14)分,低危、中危、高危各占79%、14%、7%。术前门静脉压力梯度(38.5 ± 6.9)mmHg,术后降至 (26.3 ± 6.7)mmHg(P <0.001,表1)。

  • 2.2 TIPS对脾脏体积和血细胞的影响

  • 在术后1、3、6、12个月的随访过程中,脾脏体积均呈进行性缩小(χ2 =363.073,P <0.001),血小板、血红蛋白计数均呈进行性增加(χ2 =315.187, P <0.001;χ2 =349.866,P <0.001),白细胞计数总体呈进行性上升趋势(χ2 =224.087,P <0.001),但术后 1 个月与术前的差异无统计学意义(χ2 =0.075, P =0.713,图3)。此外,血小板的增加率与脾脏体积的缩小率具有显著相关性(r1=0.253,P=0.005; r2=0.218,P = 0.017;r3=0.269,P = 0.003;r4=0.320, P <0.001,图4。r1r2r3r4分别表示术后 1、3、6、 12 个月各观察指标的相关性系数);血红蛋白增加率与脾脏体积缩小率无关(r1=0.045,P=0.624; r2=0.033,P=0.723;r3=0.028,P=0.762;r4=0.025, P=0.786;白细胞的增加率与脾脏体积的缩小率无关(r1 =0.100,P = 0.279;r2 =0.070,P=0.445;r3=0.136, P=0.138;r4=0.170,P=0.063)。血细胞和脾脏体积在术后第 1 个月的变化最快,随着随访时间延长,变化速度趋缓,术后12个月后,甚至可能出现平台期 (图5)。

  • 表1 患者基线资料

  • Table1 Baseline data of patients

  • 图3 患者TIPS术前和术后脾脏体积及血细胞变化情况

  • Figure3 The splenic volume and blood corpuscle of patients before and after TIPS

  • 图4 血小板增加率和脾脏体积缩小率之间的相关性

  • Figure4 The correlation between the rate of increase in platelet and the rate of decrease in splenic volume

  • 图5 患者行TIPS术后脾脏体积和血细胞变化趋势

  • Figure5 The tendency of splenic volume and blood cor⁃ puscle in patients after TIPS

  • 3 讨论

  • 本研究首次评估三系血细胞与脾脏体积的相关性。脾脏体积测量采用特殊软件 3⁃D⁃Slicer 半自动化测量体积,较既往的超声和 CT 下测量脾脏长径[4],测量值更加精确客观。此外,本研究中心对血细胞和脾脏体积的数据,均采用规律的时间点收集(术前和术后 1、3、6、12 个月),相比术前和术后1~2个月、6~12个月的收集方法[5] 来说,更加动态直观。

  • 肝硬化血小板减少症是慢性肝病患者常见并发症,发生率为15%~70%,失代偿期肝病较代偿期肝病患病率高[6]。慢性肝炎引起的造血生长因子 TPO水平或者活性降低、脾功能亢进所致脾脏隔离作用、机体感染引起的巨噬细胞吞噬作用、化学治疗免疫治疗等引起的骨髓抑制作用都能引起血小板减少[7-9]。目前,TIPS能否改善血小板减少尚存争论,一些研究显示肝硬化患者行TIPS对血小板减少症改善无影响[1011],而在其他研究却发现TIPS显著改善血小板减少症[512-14]。本研究中,随访至术后1、 3、6、12个月的血小板计数均明显增加。原因可能是 TIPS 术后门静脉压力降低,门静脉血流重新分布,导致肝功能部分恢复[15-16]。另外,血小板术后 1 个月增加速度最快,约为22.37%,而后期增加速度减缓,甚至可能达到平台期,这可能与门静脉压力下降后,脾静脉压力下降,脾隔离淤积的血液释放入血有关。最近Liu等[5] 证实血小板增加率与TIPS 术后1~2个月脾脏缩小率相关。除此之外,本研究发现术后各(1、3、6、12个月)血小板的变化与脾脏体积的变化同时进行。Bucsics 等[12] 在其研究中高度怀疑门静脉高压和相关脾肿大是引起血小板减少的主要驱动因子,本研究也进一步证实门静脉压力降低引起脾脏体积的缩小与血小板的改善密不可分。

  • 贫血同样是慢性肝病的常见并发症,急慢性胃肠道出血,继发于门静脉高压的脾功能亢进、门脉高压性胃肠病以及病毒性肝炎的治疗均是引发因素。本研究随访结果证明肝硬化患者TIPS术后食欲改善明显,血红蛋白显著增加。此外多项研究表明TIPS术后患者体重及BMI增加[17],而血红蛋白反映了患者的健康状况,是患者营养代谢的客观指标。TIPS缓解门静脉高压,从而降低食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血风险、改善脾功能亢进及促进患者营养代谢状况的好转,进而引起血红蛋白的升高。

  • 肝硬化门静脉高压所致的脾大、脾功能亢进易引起外周血白细胞计数下降,引起免疫功能低下和免疫失衡,其范围越广,预后越差,甚至可能危及患者生命[18]。研究发现与肝硬化门静脉高压相关的脾功能亢进患者在术前明显受到免疫抑制,其术前总淋巴细胞及其亚组和自然杀伤细胞(NK)计数均显著低于健康对照组[19]。肝病可促进淋巴细胞凋亡,还可引起营养不良,造成淋巴细胞合成减少[20]。因此,肝硬化门静脉高压患者在行TIPS术后,门静脉压力降低,脾大、脾功能亢进好转,白细胞计数增加约45%。受损和紊乱的免疫功能恢复正常,进一步减少了血细胞自身抗体对血细胞的破坏,改善了白细胞水平。

  • 综上所述,TIPS 术后脾脏体积逐渐缩小,血小板计数、血红蛋白和白细胞计数逐渐增加且在术后 1个月变化率最明显;但随着时间延长,变化率逐渐减缓,甚至可能出现平台期。TIPS术后血小板增加率与脾脏体积缩小率明显相关。对于肝硬化门静脉高压全血细胞减少患者,TIPS不失为一种良好的治疗措施。

  • 参考文献

    • [1] GIBSON P R,GIBSON R N,DITCHFIELD M R,et al.Splenomegaly ⁃ an insensitive sign of portal hypertension [J].Aust N Z J Med,1990,20(6):771-774

    • [2] LV Y,YEE LAU W,WU H,et al.Causes of peripheral cy⁃ topenia in hepatitic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive sple⁃ nomegaly[J].Exp Biol Med(Maywood),2017,242(7):744-749

    • [3] LUCA A,MIRAGLIA R,CARUSO S,et al.Effects of splenic artery occlusion on portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension[J].Liver Transpl,2006,12(8):1237-1243

    • [4] NOVELLI P M,CHO K,RUBIN J M.Sonographic assess⁃ ment of spleen stiffness before and after transjugular intra⁃ hepatic portosystemic shunt placement with or without concurrent embolization of portal systemic collateral veins in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension:a feasi⁃ bility study[J].J Ultrasound Med,2015,34(3):443-449

    • [5] LIU J,MA J,YANG C,et al.Impact of TIPS on splenic volume and thrombocytopenia[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,2021,216(3):698-703

    • [6] PECK⁃RADOSAVLJEVIC M.Thrombocytopenia in chron⁃ ic liver disease[J].Liver Int,2017,37(6):778-793

    • [7] MITCHELL O,FELDMAN D M,DIAKOW M,et al.The pathophysiology of thrombocytopenia in chronic liver dis⁃ ease[J].Hepat Med,2016,8:39-50

    • [8] MILLER J B,FIGUEROA E J,HAUG R M,et al.Throm⁃ bocytopenia in chronic liver disease and the role of throm⁃ bopoietin agonists[J].Gastroenterol Hepatol(NY),2019,15(6):326-332

    • [9] SIRAMOLPIWAT S.Transjugular intrahepatic portosys⁃ temic shunts and portal hypertension ⁃ related complica⁃ tions[J].World J Gastroenterol,2014,20(45):16996-17010

    • [10] KARASU Z,GURAKAR A,KERWIN B,et al.Effect of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt on thrombo⁃ cytopenia associated with cirrhosis[J].Dig Dis Sci,2000,45(10):1971-1976

    • [11] JABBOUR N,ZAJKO A,ORONS P,et al.Does transjugu⁃ lar intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)resolve throm⁃ bocytopenia associated with cirrhosis?[J].Dig Dis Sci,1998,43(11):2459-2462

    • [12] BUCSICS T,LAMPICHLER K,VIERZIGER C,et al.Cov⁃ ered transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt im⁃ proves hypersplenism ⁃ associated cytopenia in cirrhosis [J].Dig Dis Sci,2022,67(12):5693-5703

    • [13] GSCHWANTLER M,VAVRIK J,GEBAUER A,et al.Course of platelet counts in cirrhotic patients after implan⁃ tation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt⁃a prospective,controlled study[J].J Hepatol,1999,30(2):254-259

    • [14] 梁珊珊,刘英,罗开宏,等.TIPS对肝硬化门静脉高压患者血小板的影响及其预后因素分析[J].国际检验医学杂志,2019,40(14):1691-1693

    • [15] 童玉云,王家平,朱清亮,等.肝硬化门脉高压患者经颈静脉肝内门腔分流术后肝功能随访及疗效评估[J].介入放射学杂志,2013,22(7):540-544

    • [16] 谭卿,王江云,彭崎峰,等.经颈静脉肝内门腔分流术后肝功能随访及危险因素分析[J].中华介入放射学电子杂志,2022,10(1):50-55

    • [17] PANG N,ZHAO C,LI J,et al.Body mass index changes after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in indi⁃ viduals with cirrhosis[J].Nutrition,2021,84:111095

    • [18] LV Y,GONG X,XIE X,et al.Clinical study on the rela⁃ tionship between hematocytopenia and splenomegaly caused by cirrhotic portal hypertension[J].Cell Biochem Biophys,2014,70(1):355-360

    • [19] LV Y,WU H,LAU W Y,et al.Impact of total splenecto⁃ my on peripheral lymphocytes and their subsets in pa⁃ tients with hypersplenism associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension[J].Sci Rep,2021,11(1):21246

    • [20] 梁利民,徐鹤翔,郑吉顺,等.RDW、NLR联合MELD评分评估失代偿期肝硬化患者预后的临床价值[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2020,40(2):217-222

  • 参考文献

    • [1] GIBSON P R,GIBSON R N,DITCHFIELD M R,et al.Splenomegaly ⁃ an insensitive sign of portal hypertension [J].Aust N Z J Med,1990,20(6):771-774

    • [2] LV Y,YEE LAU W,WU H,et al.Causes of peripheral cy⁃ topenia in hepatitic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive sple⁃ nomegaly[J].Exp Biol Med(Maywood),2017,242(7):744-749

    • [3] LUCA A,MIRAGLIA R,CARUSO S,et al.Effects of splenic artery occlusion on portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension[J].Liver Transpl,2006,12(8):1237-1243

    • [4] NOVELLI P M,CHO K,RUBIN J M.Sonographic assess⁃ ment of spleen stiffness before and after transjugular intra⁃ hepatic portosystemic shunt placement with or without concurrent embolization of portal systemic collateral veins in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension:a feasi⁃ bility study[J].J Ultrasound Med,2015,34(3):443-449

    • [5] LIU J,MA J,YANG C,et al.Impact of TIPS on splenic volume and thrombocytopenia[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,2021,216(3):698-703

    • [6] PECK⁃RADOSAVLJEVIC M.Thrombocytopenia in chron⁃ ic liver disease[J].Liver Int,2017,37(6):778-793

    • [7] MITCHELL O,FELDMAN D M,DIAKOW M,et al.The pathophysiology of thrombocytopenia in chronic liver dis⁃ ease[J].Hepat Med,2016,8:39-50

    • [8] MILLER J B,FIGUEROA E J,HAUG R M,et al.Throm⁃ bocytopenia in chronic liver disease and the role of throm⁃ bopoietin agonists[J].Gastroenterol Hepatol(NY),2019,15(6):326-332

    • [9] SIRAMOLPIWAT S.Transjugular intrahepatic portosys⁃ temic shunts and portal hypertension ⁃ related complica⁃ tions[J].World J Gastroenterol,2014,20(45):16996-17010

    • [10] KARASU Z,GURAKAR A,KERWIN B,et al.Effect of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt on thrombo⁃ cytopenia associated with cirrhosis[J].Dig Dis Sci,2000,45(10):1971-1976

    • [11] JABBOUR N,ZAJKO A,ORONS P,et al.Does transjugu⁃ lar intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)resolve throm⁃ bocytopenia associated with cirrhosis?[J].Dig Dis Sci,1998,43(11):2459-2462

    • [12] BUCSICS T,LAMPICHLER K,VIERZIGER C,et al.Cov⁃ ered transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt im⁃ proves hypersplenism ⁃ associated cytopenia in cirrhosis [J].Dig Dis Sci,2022,67(12):5693-5703

    • [13] GSCHWANTLER M,VAVRIK J,GEBAUER A,et al.Course of platelet counts in cirrhotic patients after implan⁃ tation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt⁃a prospective,controlled study[J].J Hepatol,1999,30(2):254-259

    • [14] 梁珊珊,刘英,罗开宏,等.TIPS对肝硬化门静脉高压患者血小板的影响及其预后因素分析[J].国际检验医学杂志,2019,40(14):1691-1693

    • [15] 童玉云,王家平,朱清亮,等.肝硬化门脉高压患者经颈静脉肝内门腔分流术后肝功能随访及疗效评估[J].介入放射学杂志,2013,22(7):540-544

    • [16] 谭卿,王江云,彭崎峰,等.经颈静脉肝内门腔分流术后肝功能随访及危险因素分析[J].中华介入放射学电子杂志,2022,10(1):50-55

    • [17] PANG N,ZHAO C,LI J,et al.Body mass index changes after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in indi⁃ viduals with cirrhosis[J].Nutrition,2021,84:111095

    • [18] LV Y,GONG X,XIE X,et al.Clinical study on the rela⁃ tionship between hematocytopenia and splenomegaly caused by cirrhotic portal hypertension[J].Cell Biochem Biophys,2014,70(1):355-360

    • [19] LV Y,WU H,LAU W Y,et al.Impact of total splenecto⁃ my on peripheral lymphocytes and their subsets in pa⁃ tients with hypersplenism associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension[J].Sci Rep,2021,11(1):21246

    • [20] 梁利民,徐鹤翔,郑吉顺,等.RDW、NLR联合MELD评分评估失代偿期肝硬化患者预后的临床价值[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2020,40(2):217-222