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通讯作者:

刘强晖,E⁃mail:jasonlion815@163.com

中图分类号:R743.31

文献标识码:A

文章编号:1007-4368(2021)12-1786-05

DOI:10.7655/NYDXBNS20211212

参考文献 1
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参考文献 2
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参考文献 8
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参考文献 9
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参考文献 10
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参考文献 11
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参考文献 12
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参考文献 13
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参考文献 14
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参考文献 15
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参考文献 16
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参考文献 17
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参考文献 18
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参考文献 19
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参考文献 20
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参考文献 22
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目录contents

    摘要

    目的:研究高敏肌钙蛋白T(hs⁃cTnT)升高对急性缺血性脑卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)行静脉溶栓患者的临床预后和病死率的影响,并探讨影响hs⁃cTnT升高的因素。方法:回顾性分析本院262例患者的临床资料,分为hs⁃cTnT升高组 (70例)和hs⁃cTnT正常组(192例),预后不佳组(94例)和预后良好组(168例),死亡组(24例)和存活组(238例),分别进行组间比较、单因素和多因素回归分析。结果:多因素回归分析结果显示,高龄(OR=1.062,95%CI:1.029~1.097,P < 0.001)、男性 (OR=4.35,95%CI:1.982~9.545,P < 0.001)、入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分(OR=1.062,95%CI:1.019~ 1.106,P =0.004)是hs⁃cTnT升高的危险因素。高龄(OR=1.031,95%CI:1.003~1.059,P =0.028)、入院时NIHSS评分(OR=1.086, 95%CI:1.042~1.131,P < 0.001)是AIS患者术后90 d预后不佳的危险因素。hs⁃cTnT升高(OR=5.31,95% CI:1.025~27.517,P = 0.047)、入院NIHSS评分(OR=1.126,95%CI:1.057~1.200,P < 0.001)、高血压(OR=4.254,95% CI:1.387~13.046,P =0.011)是AIS 患者术后90 d死亡的危险因素。结论:高龄、男性、入院时NIHSS评分高的AIS患者hs⁃cTnT检测水平更高,因而hs⁃cTnT可作为潜在的标志物来预测AIS患者静脉溶栓后的90 d病死率。

    Abstract

    Objective:This study aims to study the effect of elevated hs⁃cTnT on clinical outcome and mortality in AIS patients who were under intravenous thrombolytic therapy after 90 days and explore the factors affecting hs⁃cTnT elevation. Methods:The clinical data of 262 patients were collected and retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into hs⁃cTnT elevation group(n=70)and hs⁃cTnT normal group(n=192),poor outcome group(n=94)and good outcome group(n=168),mortality group(n=24)and survival group(n=238). Groups comparison,univariate regression analysis,multivariate regression analysis were performed. Results:Multivariate regression analysis results showed that,factors associated with hs⁃cTnT elevation were elderly(OR=1.062,95%CI:1.029~1.097,P < 0.001),male patients(OR=4.35,95%CI:1.982~9.545,P < 0.001)and admission NIHSS score(OR=1.062,95%CI:1.019~1.106,P =0.004). Factors associated with poor outcome in AIS patients who were under intravenous thrombolytic therapy after 90 d were elderly(OR=1.031,95% CI:1.003~1.059,P =0.028)and admission NIHSS score(OR=1.086,95%CI:1.042~1.131,P < 0.001). Factors associated with mortality in AIS patients who were under intravenous thrombolytic therapy after 90 d were hs⁃cTnT elevation(OR=5.31,95%CI:1.025~27.517,P = 0.047),admission NIHSS score(OR=1.126,95%CI:1.057~1.200,P < 0.001)and high blood pressure(OR=4.254,95%CI:1.387~13.046, P =0.011). Conclusion:Elderly,male patients in AIS with high NIHSS scores at admission had higher levels of hs⁃cTnT. Thus hs⁃cTnT could be used as a possible marker to predict 90 d mortality after intravenous thrombolysis in AIS patients.

  • 心肌肌钙蛋白T(cardiac troponin T,cTnT)在临床上广泛应用于急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial in⁃ farction,AMI)患者的早期诊断。最早可追溯到1987年英国Cummins等[1] 首先报道外周血中cTnT浓度的测定可诊断AMI。1989年Kutas等[2] 又建立了测定cTnT的方法。自此,cTnT开始被应用于临床众多领域,如病毒性心肌炎[3]、扩张性心肌病[4]、肺栓塞[5]、高原肺水肿(HAPE)[6]、主动脉夹层[7]、脓毒血症[8] 等。同时,cTnT在28%~60%急性缺血性脑卒中 (acute ischemic stroke,AIS)人群中被发现升高,并且与病情严重程度、临床转归有密切关系[9]。本文通过单因素及多因素回归分析,研究高敏肌钙蛋白T(hs⁃cTnT)升高与AIS静脉溶栓后临床转归的关系,发现hs⁃cTnT的升高可预测AIS患者静脉溶栓后的90d病死率。

  • 1 对象和方法

  • 1.1 对象

  • 本研究回顾性分析了2017年12月—2019年5月在南京医科大学第一附属医院急诊医学中心就诊的AIS行静脉溶栓患者病例。参考《重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂静脉溶栓治疗缺血性卒中中国专家共识(2012版)》[10],对符合条件的AIS患者开展静脉溶栓绿色通道。该通道的纳入标准为: ①年龄≥ 18岁;②有相应的神经功能定位损伤症状,如单侧肢体肌力下降、失语等;③发病时间< 4.5h;④患者本人或其家属需签订溶栓知情同意书。排除标准为:①近3个月内有重大颅脑外伤史或脑卒中史;②既往有颅内出血、颅内肿瘤、动静脉畸形、动脉瘤史;③近1周有在不易压迫止血部位的动脉穿刺;④存在活动性内出血,如消化道出血、尿血等;⑤存在出血倾向:血常规中血小板计数<100×10个 9/L或有其他导致出血倾向的情况;⑥已口服抗凝药者;⑦血压升高:收缩压 ≥180mmHg,或舒张压 ≥100mmHg;⑧ 血糖 <2.7mmol/L;⑨头颅CT平扫提示多脑叶梗死(低密度影>1/3大脑半球)。患者的病情严重程度由神经科医生根据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表 (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)进行评估。

  • 按以上方案,本研究共纳入262例患者。其中男176例(67.2%),女86例(32.8%);年龄59~74岁,中位年龄66岁。本组患者NIHSS评分为4.75~14.25分,中位数9.52分。

  • 1.2 方法

  • 1.2.1 手术

  • 所有进入静脉溶栓绿色通道的患者,均先行头颅CT平扫,若平扫提示颅内出血或梗死面积超过大脑半球的1/3,则立即退出绿色通道。否则当场行头颅CT血管成像(CTA)检查。对于符合静脉溶栓标准的患者立即给予重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活物 (rt⁃PA)静脉溶栓(方案如下:总剂量按0.9mg/kg患者体重计算,其中10%药量静脉推注10min,余下药量静脉维持1h)。如同时符合介入治疗指征,则立即通知介入科医生行介入治疗。静脉溶栓后6h、 24h复查头颅CT,以便早期发现有无出血。在此过程中如患者有病情变化随时复查头颅CT。

  • 1.2.2 检测指标

  • 入院后对所有患者常规进行血清hs⁃cTnT浓度测定,hs⁃cTnT采用电化学发光免疫试剂盒和分析仪 (CobasE602,罗氏公司,美国)测定,检测下限为0.003 μg/L,hs⁃cTnT>14ng/L为升高。所有患者在术后90d由专门人员对患者本人或家属进行电话随访,并给予改良Rankin评分(mRS)评分:0分:完全无脑卒中症状;1分:有症状,但能独立完成所有日常活动;2分:轻度功能障碍,不能完成所有日常活动,但能生活自理,不需要帮助;3分:中度功能障碍,日常生活需要一些帮助,但独自行走不需要帮助;4分:重度功能障碍,无他人帮助不能生活自理,不能独立行走;5分:严重功能障碍,卧床、大小便失禁、要求专人护理;6分:患者死亡。mRS评分>2分定义为预后不佳。

  • 分析的具体临床因素包括患者年龄、性别、疾病史(高血压、糖尿病、房颤、冠心病、脑梗死等)、静脉溶栓剂量、入院至静脉溶栓时间(DNT时间)、发病至静脉溶栓时间(OTT时间)、入院时NIHSS评分、 CTA结果是否为大血管病变、溶栓后是否存在症状性颅内出血(symptomaticintracerebral hemorrhage, sICH)、90d随访结果(预后不佳及死亡)。

  • 1.3 统计学方法

  • 采用SPSS23.0软件进行统计学分析,计量资料各指标表达水平呈非正态分布,采用中位数(四分位数)[MP25P75)]来表示,两组间比较采用Mann ⁃Whitney U 检验;计数资料以构成比或率 (%)表示,两组间比较采用卡方检验。使用多元Logistic回归模型来分析影响hs⁃cTnT升高、预后及病死率的危险因素。纳入模型前各因素先行单因素分析,以 P< 0.05为进入模型的标准。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

  • 2 结果

  • 2.1 hs⁃cTnT升高组和正常组基本特征和临床转归比较

  • 262例AIS患者中,血清hs⁃cTnT浓度升高组(> 14ng/L)共70例(26.7%)。hs⁃cTnT正常组共192例 (73.3%),两组间各临床因素的比较见表1。hs ⁃ cTnT升高组患者更高龄(P< 0.001),男性比例高 (P=0.008),入院时NIHSS评分高(P=0.001),既往史房颤(P< 0.001)及冠心病(P=0.001)更多见,头颅CTA提示大血管病变更多见(P=0.002)。两组间既往是否有高血压(P=0.155)、糖尿病(P=0.134)、脑梗死(P=0.776),以及DNT时间(P=0.606)、OTT时间 (P=0.335)、rt⁃PA剂量(P=0.767)、sICH(P=0.173)等方面差异无统计学意义。90d临床转归方面,hs⁃ cTnT正常组预后不佳61例(31.8%),较hs⁃cTnT升高组33例(47.14%)降低,差异有统计学意义(P=0.022)。hs⁃cTnT正常组死亡14例(7.29%),较hs⁃ cTnT升高组死亡10例(14.29%)降低,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042)。

  • 以上有统计学意义的指标进行多因素回归分析,结果显示,高龄(OR=1.062,95%CI:1.029~1.097,P< 0.001)、男性(OR=4.35,95%CI:1.982~9.545,P< 0.001)、入院时NIHSS评分高(OR=1.062,95%CI: 1.019~1.106,P=0.004)是hs⁃cTnT升高的危险因素。

  • 表1 hs⁃cTnT升高组和正常组患者基本特征和临床转归比较

  • Table1 Basic characteristics and clinical outcome of hs⁃cTnT elevation group and normal group

  • 2.2 90 d患者随访预后及存活比较

  • 90 d随访结果显示,94例(35.9%)患者预后不佳 (mRS 3~6 分),168 例患者预后较好(mRS 0~2 分)。预后不佳组与预后较好组比较,年龄(P<0.001)、hs ⁃cTnT升高(P=0.022)、入院NIHSS评分(P< 0.001)、 CTA提示大血管病变(P< 0.001)、sICH(P=0.003)有统计学差异(P <0.05,表2)。

  • 90 d随访结果显示,24 例(9.16%)患者死亡 (mRS 6分),238例患者存活(mRS 0~5分)。死亡组与存活组比较,hs⁃cTnT是否升高(P=0.042)、入院NIHSS评分(P< 0.001)、高血压(P=0.002)、sICH (P< 0.001)有统计学差异(P <0.05,表2)。

  • 以上有统计学意义的指标纳入多元Logistic回归模型,结果显示,高龄(OR=1.031,95%CI:1.003~1.059,P=0.028)、入院时NIHSS评分高(OR=1.086, 95%CI:1.042~1.131,P< 0.001)是AIS患者术后90d预后不佳的危险因素。hs⁃cTnT升高(OR=5.31,95%CI:1.025~27.517,P=0.047)、入院NIHSS评分高 (OR=1.126,95%CI:1.057~1.200,P< 0.001)、有高血压(OR=4.254,95%CI:1.387~13.046,P=0.011)是AIS患者术后90d死亡的危险因素。

  • 3 讨论

  • 本研究通过回顾性分析本院收治的静脉溶栓后的AIS人群发现:①26.7%的患者hs⁃cTnT升高,同时hs⁃cTnT的升高是静脉溶栓后90d病死率的危险因素;②高龄、男性、入院时NIHSS评分高是hs⁃cTnT升高的危险因素;③高龄、入院时NIHSS评分高均提示患者静脉溶栓后90d预后不佳。

  • 表2 预后不佳组和预后较好组基本特征比较

  • Table2 Basic characteristics of poor outcome group and good outcome group

  • 心肌肌钙蛋白是横纹肌收缩的重要调节蛋白,它共由3个亚基组成:cTnT、肌钙蛋白C(cTnC)、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI)。cTnI和cTnT对心肌损伤有较高的特异性和敏感性,能较好地反映心肌损伤[11]。本文所述hs⁃cTnT是相对于cTnT而言,其检测灵敏度可达3ng/L,在实际临床工作中具有极高的诊断和预后价值。关于造成AIS患者出现hs⁃cTnT水平升高的病理生理机制目前仍不是十分确切,但目前研究较热的脑心综合征可能解释该机制,其发生或可通过以下几种机制:首先,脑卒中患者因生活习惯等因素,常合并有高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病等,脑卒中发生时,颅内压升高、脑组织缺血缺氧、应激反应等可造成心脏负担加剧,从而造成心脏损伤、心肌标志物hs⁃cTnT升高。其次,脑卒中发生时,应激反应及颅内压升高均可使交感神经释放大量肾上腺素、儿茶酚胺等,引起心脏冠状血管痉挛或收缩,造成心肌缺血、cTnT的大量释放。再次,中枢方面,大脑通过交感、副交感神经来支配心脏。当大脑发生急性损伤并累及丘脑、边缘系统、脑干网状结构等部位时,植物神经的中枢功能则会受到严重损害,出现交感神经、副交感神经平衡失调,迷走神经兴奋性降低,最终导致心脏损伤,心肌标志物hs⁃cTnT出现异常[12-13]

  • hs⁃cTnT对多种疾病如心力衰竭[14]、老年肺栓塞并发晕厥[15] 甚至正常人群[16] 的病死率具有良好的预测价值。既往研究显示,hs⁃cTnT的升高亦可预测AIS患者病死率[17-21]。本研究随访结果显示,24例患者死亡原因均与脑血管疾病本身或出现呼吸衰竭、脑出血等严重并发症有关。hs⁃cTnT升高组3个月病死率为14.29%,明显高于hs⁃cTnT正常组。随后经过多元回归分析发现,hs⁃cTnT升高是AIS患者静脉溶栓后90d病死率的危险因素,对死亡的预测有较高的临床价值。本研究结果跟以往报道相符, hs⁃cTnT升高可预测AIS患者静脉溶栓后的病死率[22]

  • 关于hs⁃cTnT可作为潜在的标志物来预测AIS患者静脉溶栓后90d病死率的机制尚不得而知,但本研究发现,hs⁃cTnT升高组的患者往往偏向于年龄更大、入院时NIHSS评分更高(症状更重)、基础病史更多(房颤、冠心病)、颅内大血管有病变等。这类患者往往社会负担重,病情重,预后差,也使得hs⁃ cTnT升高的患者较hs⁃cTnT正常的患者更容易发生死亡。综上,hs⁃cTnT水平的升高也许可成为脑卒中患者死亡的生物学标志物。

  • 高龄、男性、入院时NIHSS评分高的患者hs ⁃ cTnT检测水平更高,因而hs⁃cTnT可作为潜在的标志物来预测急性缺血性脑卒中患者静脉溶栓后的90d病死率。这些结果都将帮助我们在临床工作中对患者预后做出更好的判断,从而指导实际临床工作。

  • 参考文献

    • [1] CUMMINS P,YOUNGA,AUCKLAND M L,et al.Comparison of serum cardiac specific troponin⁃I with creatine kinase,creatine kinase ⁃ MB isoenzyme,tropomyosin,myoglobin and C ⁃ reactive protein release in marathon runners:cardiac or skeletal muscle trauma?[J].Eur J Clin Invest,1987,17(4):317-324

    • [2] KATUS H A,REMPPIS A,LOOSER S,et al.Serum concentration changes of cTnT in patients with AMI[J].J Mol Cell Cardiol,1989,21:1349

    • [3] MARK A P,ALEX K,MARK F.Myocarditis[J].Pediatr Emer Care 2014,30:832-838

    • [4] ENGLAND J,LOUGHNA S,RUTLAND C S,et al.Multiple species comparison of cardiac troponin T and dystrophin:unravelling the DNA behind dilated cardiomyopathy [J].J Cardiovasc Dev Dis,2017,4(3):8-24

    • [5] COTUGNO M,ORGAZ⁃MOLINA J,ROSA⁃SALAZAR V,et al.Right ventricular dysfunction in acute pulmonary embolism:NT ⁃ proBNP vs.troponin T[J].Med Clin(Barc),2017,148(8):339-344

    • [6] MELLOR A,BOOS C,HOLDSWORTH D,et al.Cardiac biomarkers at high altitude[J].High Alt Med Biol,2014,15(4):452-458

    • [7] LI G,WU X W,LU W H,et al.High ⁃sensitivity cardiac troponin T:a biomarker for the early risk stratification of type⁃A acute aortic dissection?[J].Arch Cardiovasc Dis,2016,109(3):163-170

    • [8] VALLABHAJOSYULA S,SAKHUJA A,GESKE J B,et al.Role of admission troponin⁃T and serial troponin⁃T testing in predicting outcomes in severe sepsis and septic shock [J].J Am Heart Assoc,2017,6(9)::e005930

    • [9] CAO Y Z,ZHAO L B,LIU S,et al.Prognostic value of elevated high ⁃ sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with endovascular thrombectomy[J].J ClinNeurosci,2019,64:145-149

    • [10] 重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂治疗缺血性卒中共识专家组.重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂静脉溶栓治疗缺血性卒中中国专家共识(2012版)[J].中华内科杂志,2012,51(12):1006-1010

    • [11] ZAMORA J E,PAPADAKIM,MESSER A E,et al.Troponin structure:its modulation by Ca2 + and phosphorylation studied by molecular dynamics simulations[J].Phys Chem Chem Phys,2016,18(30):20691-20707

    • [12] SCHEITZ J F,NOLTE C H,LAUFS U,et al.Application and interpretation of high ⁃sensitivity cardiac troponin assays in patients with acute ischemic stroke[J].Stroke,2015,46(4):1132-1140

    • [13] 王新德.神经病学[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2001:123-129

    • [14] LATINI R,MASSON S,ANAND I S,et al.Prognostic value of very low plasma concentrations of troponin T in patients with stable chronic heart failure[J].Circulation,2007,116:1242-1249

    • [15] 邓晴,张忠满,朱轶,等.老年肺栓塞并发晕厥患者的临床特征分析[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2020,40(7):1045-1050

    • [16] DE LEMOS J A,DRAZNER M H,OMLAND T,et al.Association of troponin T detected with a highly sensitive assay and cardiac structure and mortality risk in the general population[J].JAMA,2010,304:2503-2512

    • [17] HE L Y,WANG J,DONG W W,et al.The clinical prognostic significance of hscTnT elevation in patients with acuteischemic stroke[J].BMC Neurology,2018,18:118-122

    • [18] LIU J F,WANG D R,XIONG Y,et al.Association of elevated high sensitivitycardiac troponin T(hs ⁃ cTnT)levels withhemorrhagic transformation and 3 ⁃ monthmortality in acute ischemic stroke patientswith rheumatic heart disease in China[J].PLoS One,2016,11(2):e0148444

    • [19] FAIZ K W,THOMMESSEN B,EINVIK G,et al.Prognostic value of high ⁃ sensitivity cardiac troponin tin acute ischemic stroke[J].J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2014,23(2):241-248

    • [20] FAN Y,JIANG M L,GONG D D,et al.Cardiac troponin for predicting all ⁃ cause mortality inpatients with acute ischemic stroke:a meta⁃analysis[J].Biosci Rep,2018,38(2):BSR20171178

    • [21] DOUS G V,GRIGOS A C,GRODMAN R,et al.Elevated troponin in patients with acute stroke⁃Is it a true heart attack?[J].Egypt Heart J,2017,69:165-170

    • [22] SUI Y,LIU T,LUO J F,et al.Elevation of high⁃sensitivity cardiac troponin T at admission isassociated with increased 3 ⁃ month mortality in acute ischemicstroke patients treated with thrombolysis[J].Clin Cardiol,2019,42(10):881-888

  • 参考文献

    • [1] CUMMINS P,YOUNGA,AUCKLAND M L,et al.Comparison of serum cardiac specific troponin⁃I with creatine kinase,creatine kinase ⁃ MB isoenzyme,tropomyosin,myoglobin and C ⁃ reactive protein release in marathon runners:cardiac or skeletal muscle trauma?[J].Eur J Clin Invest,1987,17(4):317-324

    • [2] KATUS H A,REMPPIS A,LOOSER S,et al.Serum concentration changes of cTnT in patients with AMI[J].J Mol Cell Cardiol,1989,21:1349

    • [3] MARK A P,ALEX K,MARK F.Myocarditis[J].Pediatr Emer Care 2014,30:832-838

    • [4] ENGLAND J,LOUGHNA S,RUTLAND C S,et al.Multiple species comparison of cardiac troponin T and dystrophin:unravelling the DNA behind dilated cardiomyopathy [J].J Cardiovasc Dev Dis,2017,4(3):8-24

    • [5] COTUGNO M,ORGAZ⁃MOLINA J,ROSA⁃SALAZAR V,et al.Right ventricular dysfunction in acute pulmonary embolism:NT ⁃ proBNP vs.troponin T[J].Med Clin(Barc),2017,148(8):339-344

    • [6] MELLOR A,BOOS C,HOLDSWORTH D,et al.Cardiac biomarkers at high altitude[J].High Alt Med Biol,2014,15(4):452-458

    • [7] LI G,WU X W,LU W H,et al.High ⁃sensitivity cardiac troponin T:a biomarker for the early risk stratification of type⁃A acute aortic dissection?[J].Arch Cardiovasc Dis,2016,109(3):163-170

    • [8] VALLABHAJOSYULA S,SAKHUJA A,GESKE J B,et al.Role of admission troponin⁃T and serial troponin⁃T testing in predicting outcomes in severe sepsis and septic shock [J].J Am Heart Assoc,2017,6(9)::e005930

    • [9] CAO Y Z,ZHAO L B,LIU S,et al.Prognostic value of elevated high ⁃ sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with endovascular thrombectomy[J].J ClinNeurosci,2019,64:145-149

    • [10] 重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂治疗缺血性卒中共识专家组.重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂静脉溶栓治疗缺血性卒中中国专家共识(2012版)[J].中华内科杂志,2012,51(12):1006-1010

    • [11] ZAMORA J E,PAPADAKIM,MESSER A E,et al.Troponin structure:its modulation by Ca2 + and phosphorylation studied by molecular dynamics simulations[J].Phys Chem Chem Phys,2016,18(30):20691-20707

    • [12] SCHEITZ J F,NOLTE C H,LAUFS U,et al.Application and interpretation of high ⁃sensitivity cardiac troponin assays in patients with acute ischemic stroke[J].Stroke,2015,46(4):1132-1140

    • [13] 王新德.神经病学[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2001:123-129

    • [14] LATINI R,MASSON S,ANAND I S,et al.Prognostic value of very low plasma concentrations of troponin T in patients with stable chronic heart failure[J].Circulation,2007,116:1242-1249

    • [15] 邓晴,张忠满,朱轶,等.老年肺栓塞并发晕厥患者的临床特征分析[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2020,40(7):1045-1050

    • [16] DE LEMOS J A,DRAZNER M H,OMLAND T,et al.Association of troponin T detected with a highly sensitive assay and cardiac structure and mortality risk in the general population[J].JAMA,2010,304:2503-2512

    • [17] HE L Y,WANG J,DONG W W,et al.The clinical prognostic significance of hscTnT elevation in patients with acuteischemic stroke[J].BMC Neurology,2018,18:118-122

    • [18] LIU J F,WANG D R,XIONG Y,et al.Association of elevated high sensitivitycardiac troponin T(hs ⁃ cTnT)levels withhemorrhagic transformation and 3 ⁃ monthmortality in acute ischemic stroke patientswith rheumatic heart disease in China[J].PLoS One,2016,11(2):e0148444

    • [19] FAIZ K W,THOMMESSEN B,EINVIK G,et al.Prognostic value of high ⁃ sensitivity cardiac troponin tin acute ischemic stroke[J].J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis,2014,23(2):241-248

    • [20] FAN Y,JIANG M L,GONG D D,et al.Cardiac troponin for predicting all ⁃ cause mortality inpatients with acute ischemic stroke:a meta⁃analysis[J].Biosci Rep,2018,38(2):BSR20171178

    • [21] DOUS G V,GRIGOS A C,GRODMAN R,et al.Elevated troponin in patients with acute stroke⁃Is it a true heart attack?[J].Egypt Heart J,2017,69:165-170

    • [22] SUI Y,LIU T,LUO J F,et al.Elevation of high⁃sensitivity cardiac troponin T at admission isassociated with increased 3 ⁃ month mortality in acute ischemicstroke patients treated with thrombolysis[J].Clin Cardiol,2019,42(10):881-888