Abstract:目的:探讨房间隔缺损(atrial septal defect,ASD)患者心房肌组织与正常人心房肌组织凋亡基因表达谱的差异,寻找差异表达的凋亡相关基因,初步分析ASD患者心房肌组织凋亡基因表达谱的特征.方法:提取ASD患者及正常人心房肌组织mRNA,标记cDNA探针,分别与含有218个人类细胞凋亡相关基因片段的cDNA微矩阵芯片杂交,对二者差异表达基因进行生物信息学分析.结果:①差异表达的凋亡相关基因17个,其中11个基因具有促凋亡作用,6个基因具有凋亡抑制作用;②ASD患者心房肌组织中抗凋亡基因均明显下调,而促凋亡基因中3个基因表达下调外,其余基因均明显上调.结论:ASD患者心房肌组织的凋亡基因表达谱已发生明显变化,心房肌细胞凋亡可能与ASD的病因及病理生理学有关.

Abstract:目的:应用定量组织速度成像和组织追踪成像评价正常人左心室局部收缩运动并探讨有关的影响因素.方法:应用定量组织速度成像和组织追踪成像离线分析获得32例正常人的左心室长轴方向的心肌组织速度和位移曲线,测量平均峰值收缩速度(Vs)、加速度(acc)及峰值位移(Ds).结果:①正常人左心室收缩运动在长轴方向有其规律性,即由心尖部向基底段收缩速度和位移逐渐降低,左心室游离壁的速度和位移大于前间隔、室间隔及下壁.②二尖瓣环水平Vs、acc及Ds与年龄存在负相关的关系,而与心率无相关.结论:定量组织速度成像和组织追踪成像能够有效的评价左心室局部心肌的收缩运动.

Abstract:目的:观察增加大鼠右心室压力负荷后,右心室心肌重塑与同源盒转录因子NKx2-5表达的变化.方法:注射野百合碱(MCT)制作大鼠肺动脉高压模型,测量大鼠不同时间点肺动脉压和右心室肥厚指数;采用RT-PCR法和Western blot分析,分别测定右心室心肌NKx2-5及其下游基因心房利钠因子(ANF)的mRNA及蛋白表达.结果:注射MCT后第14天,右室心肌明显肥厚,NKx2-5与ANF的mRNA及蛋白表达亦明显增加,与其呈明显正相关.结论:右心室壁压力负荷增加可作为原发性刺激,使在心脏胚胎发育早期表达的心脏同源盒基因NKx2-5表达增加,NKx2-5在成熟心肌重塑中可能起作用.

Abstract:目的:观察卡维地洛对老年充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者心功能的改善和对细胞因子的影响.方法:老年CHF患者45例随机分为心力衰竭常规治疗组(n=22)和卡维地洛治疗组(n=23),后者在常规抗心力衰竭治疗基础上加用卡维地洛,疗程6个月.两组治疗前和治疗3个月、6个月分别测定左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)和6 min步行距离.测定健康对照组(n=30)和两组心衰患者治疗前和治疗6个月血浆肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β和IL-6的浓度.结果:老年CHF患者用卡维地洛治疗6个月后,LVEDD、LVESD、LVEF和6 min步行距离的改善均优于常规治疗组(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).心衰患者3种细胞因子血浆浓度均高于对照组(P＜0.001),卡维地洛治疗后细胞因子的下降明显优于常规抗心力衰竭治疗(P＜0.01).结论:卡维地洛可明显改善老年CHF患者心功能,提高运动耐量,改善左室重构,降低细胞因子TNF、IL-1和IL-6的浓度.

Abstract:目的:探讨超声介导微泡破裂法促进外源基因的安全转移的方法,为临床上肿瘤等疾病的基因治疗研究提供新的思路.方法:以绿色荧光蛋白基因为标记基因,以人大肠癌细胞株SW480为靶细胞,分别以自制白蛋白微泡和声诺维(SonoVue)微泡作为载体,通过超声介导微泡破裂法促进绿色荧光蛋白GFP基因在人大肠癌细胞株的定向转染,以激光共聚焦显微镜来定性和半定量观察GFP在靶细胞的表达情况,以椎虫蓝染色法检测超声作用于细胞的安全性.结果:当超声的强度为0.75W/cm2,作用时间为40 s时,对细胞比较安全;自制白蛋白微泡和声诺维微泡的浓度为10％时,分别达到最佳的基因转染效率,两者无显著性差异,但后者的相对表达强度较高.结论:超声介导微泡破裂法促进外源基因的转移是一种比较安全而有效的基因转染方法.

Abstract:目的:建立妊娠中晚期暴露于可卡因的小鼠动物模型,研究可卡因对子代学习和记忆功能的影响.方法:运用水迷宫方法观察可卡因对子鼠空间辨别能力的影响;采用甲苯胺蓝染色技术观察额叶皮质及海马的发育情况.结果:可卡因可引起子代寻找平台的潜伏期延长、空间辨别能力下降;可卡因组子鼠额叶皮质神经元发育不良,层次结构不清;其海马锥体细胞极性紊乱,发育不良.结论:妊娠中晚期暴露于可卡因可引起子代额叶皮质及海马发育异常,这在可卡因引起子代空间辨别能力下降的发病机制中起着重要作用.

Abstract:目的:研究DT390-IL2重组质粒对实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎(EAE)的治疗效果.方法:提取髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)并经SDS-PAGE鉴定后,用MBP+CFA诱导豚鼠的EAE模型;采用亚精胺法进行DT390-IL2重组质粒的大量制备,并经肌注DT390-IL2重组质粒对EAE进行治疗,观察豚鼠临床症状和中枢神经系统病理改变.结果:①所提取的MBP,其分子量在17 kD左右,并具有良好的生物学活性,成功地建成了豚鼠的EAE模型;②通过DT390-IL2重组质粒治疗豚鼠EAE,各治疗组与未治疗组相比,其差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:DT390-IL2重组质粒治疗EAE有效.

Abstract:目的:利用PCR构建RNA干扰质粒载体的方法,促进RNA干扰技术的广泛开展.方法:PCR方法获得小鼠U6+27启动子序列,以及干扰绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)表达的siRNA的相应DNA模板序列.将其序列克隆入pUC19,获得RNA干扰载体pU6-siEGFP.将pU6-siEGFP及pcDNA3.1/EGFP共转导COS-7细胞,观察EGFP表达情况.结果:所构建的pU6-siEGFP能够成功干扰COS-7细胞中EGFP的表达.结论:PCR方法成功构建了RNA干扰载体,为RNA干扰技术在更多实验室的广泛开展奠定基础.

Abstract:目的:用组织工程方法培养人全层口腔黏膜.方法:婴儿唇裂多余口腔黏膜组织为取材对象,分离成纤维细胞与上皮细胞,分别接种在聚乳酸羟基乙酸(PLGA)膜上培养,后将其移至气液面进行复合.HE染色、免疫组化AE1/AE3及Vimentin染色,光镜、倒置相差显微镜、扫描电镜观察其形态结构.结果:口腔黏膜具备上皮层和上皮下纤维组织,上皮细胞3～7层,见桥粒连接,AE1/AE3阳性;同有层细胞核形Vimentin(+).结论:成功培养全层人口腔黏膜,PLGA可作为口腔黏膜组织工程支架材料.

Abstract:目的:建立能稳定表达BMP2的成纤维细胞系.方法:运用阳离子聚合物转染试剂,将含有人BMP2基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-B2导入NIH3T3细胞,通过G418筛选获得阳性细胞克隆,RT-PCR、免疫组化和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测BMP2基因的稳定转染和蛋白表达.结果:转染细胞内有BMP2mRNA的转录,胞内及胞外有BMP2蛋白的表达.结论:采用阳离子聚合物转染法可成功地将外源性hBMP2基因导入NIH3T3细胞,为进一步研究诱导牙周膜细胞骨化分化建立基础.

Abstract:目的:分析PI3K基因在人甲状腺腺瘤组织与瘤旁组织中mRNA的表达差异,探讨基因PI3K表达与甲状腺腺瘤疾病之间的关系.方法:外科手术中获取19例单发结节型甲状腺腺瘤组织及瘤旁组织,采用RT-PCR技术检测腺瘤及瘤旁组织中PI3K基因的表达水平.结果:甲状腺腺瘤组织中PI3K基因的表达水平为(77.69±14.17)％,瘤旁组织中表达水平为(43.84±18.14)％,甲状腺腺瘤组织中PI3K基因的表达水平显著高于瘤旁组织(P＜0.001).结论:甲状腺腺瘤组织中PI3K基因表达显著上调,PI3K信号转导途径的功能异常可能与甲状腺腺瘤发生发展的机制有关.

Abstract:目的:探讨脂联素与单纯性肥胖及2型糖尿病的关系.方法:分别测定单纯性肥胖组、2型糖尿病组和正常对照组的体重指数(BMI)、腰围、臀围、瘦素(leptin)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、空腹血糖(FBS)、血脂和脂联素水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR).结果:单纯性肥胖组和2型糖尿病组的脂联素水平较正常对照组明显降低,脂联素与BMI、腰围、腰臀比、FBS、FINS、HOMA-IR均呈明显负相关,脂联素能较好的预测BMI和腰围.结论:脂联素在单纯性肥胖及2型糖尿病中表达水平降低,脂联素降低易导致中心性肥胖和胰岛素抵抗.脂联素水平在一定程度上能预测肥胖的发生发展.

Abstract:目的:总结少见的肾上腺偶发瘤的CT表现特点,探讨如何鉴别诊断.方法:分析32例经手术和病理证实的肾上腺偶发肿瘤的CT资料.结果:32例中髓质脂肪瘤13例,CT值呈脂肪密度;囊肿6例,CT值呈水样密度;节细胞神经瘤4例,CT呈较低密度,可有细点状钙化及中至轻度强化;畸胎瘤2例,CT平扫时可见脂肪和钙化;淋巴瘤2例,脂肪瘤,皮质腺癌、节细胞神经母细胞瘤、平滑肌肉瘤和巨大淋巴结增生各1例.结论:仔细观察和综合分析各种CT征象对正确诊断肾上腺偶发肿瘤有重要价值.

Abstract:目的:研究影响老年人便秘的相关因素.方法:应用非条件单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析方法,分析便秘与饮食行为、生活方式、心理等因素的关系.结果:多因素Logistic回归分析发现,年龄增高(OR 1.488)、不吃豆芽菜(OR 1.103)、不运动(OR 1.123)、睡眠质量差(0R 1.441)、心理压力(OR 1.247)等因素均与便秘发生联系显著(P＜0.05);而不喝牛奶与喜食甜食为便秘的保护因素.结论:结果提示老年人不合理的饮食行为、生活方式及心理压力与便秘的发生关系较大.

Abstract:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, and the only treatment currently available for the disease is acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Recent progress in understanding the molecular and cellular pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease has suggested possible pharmacological interventions, including acetylcholineseterase inhibitors; secretase inhibitors; cholesterol lowering drugs; metal chelators and amyloid immunization. The objective of this paper is to review the main drugs possibly used for AD and their future therapeutic effects.

Abstract:With the advancement of medical technique and application of the new immunosuppressant agents, cardiac transplantation has become an effective treatment for end-stage heart disease caused by different reasons. The orthotopic procedure has been performed in many countries nowadays. Whether it is successful or not mainly depends on harvesting the denoted heart, operative technique and perioperative management.

Abstract:Objective: The present study was designed to determine if reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the paraventricularnucleus (PVN) were involved in modulating cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) in anesthetized rats. Methods: Malondialdehyde(MDA), the end product of lipid peroxidation, in the PVN, was determined by thiobarbituric acid (TBA) spectrometric method. Renalsympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and arterial pressure were recorded in sinoaortic-denervated and cervical-vagotomized rats. The CSARwas evaluated by the response of the RSNA evoked by epicardial application of bradykinin (BK, 0.4 μg). Results: The MDA in the PVNwas significantly increased after epicardial application of BK compared with control (2.0 + 0.3 vs 0.8 + 0.1 nmol/mg protein, P ＜ 0.01 ).Microinjectionof a superoxide anion scavenger, tiron (20 nmol) into the PVN significantly inhibited the CSAR evoked by BK (12.3 ± 1.9vs 4.2+ 1.2％, P ＜ 0.01) and decreased MDA level (1.9±0.3 vs 0.6+0.1 nmol/mg protein, P ＜0.01) compared with control.Conclusion: The ROS in the PVN is involved in modulating the CSAR in rats.

Abstract:Objective: To study the anti-tumor effects of the ferment liquid (FL) and to explore the anti-mutagenic effects induced by cyclophosphamide (CP). Methods: Anti-tumor effects and Anti-mutagenic effects induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) of the ferment liquid were observed in tumor-bearing mice in vivo. Spleen lymphocytes proliferation of mice was stimulated by ConA and NK cell activity was analyzed by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Results: FL Ⅰ ,FL Ⅱ and FL Ⅲ of 16.7, 33.3 and 66.6ml/kg inhibited growth of Sarcoma 180 sighificanth by 11.6％, 24.2％, 28.0％, 4.8％, 15.2％, 2.2％ and 2.1％, 8.5％, 5.2％respectively. Polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) at all doses of FL Ⅰ and FL Ⅱ were greatly decreased compared with control group ( P ＜0.05), but FL Ⅲ has no inhibition effents( P ＞ 0.05). Production of IL-2 showed no significant difference between all treatment groups.The NK cell killing activity in all treated mice increased by FL Ⅰ and FL Ⅱ was significantly potentiated compared to controls ( P ＜0.05). Lymphocytes proliferation of ICR mice were stimulated by ConA 2.5 ml/L and there were no differences between groups.Conclusion: The present data suggested that three kinds of ferment liquid used as health drink have anti-mutagenesis, immune enhancement effects and showed certain inhibitory effects on S180 tumor growth in vivo.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) expression in HCC ( Primary hepatocellular carcinoma) and clarify whether COX-2 is correlated with hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the development of HCC.Methods: Tumor tissues were obtained from 53 patients with HCC. COX-2 and HIF-1α were determined by immunohistochemistry. All 53patients were regularly followed up and the data were collected prospectively. Results: Immunostaining showed the expression of COX-2( n = 33, 62.3 ％ ) and HIF-1α ( n = 36, 67.9 ％ ) in most tumor cells. The level of COX-2 was correlated with HIF-1α levels( r = 0.440,P ＜0.01 ). There were significant correlation between clinicopathological features and higher tumor cytosolic COX-2 level was in the presence of multiple tumors ( P = 0.01), venous invasion ( P = 0.03 ), advanced tumor stage ( P = 0.01), and well-different tumor grade (P = 0.03). High tumor cytosolic COX-2 level was correlated with patient's worse prognosis ( P = 0. 0085). Conclusion: Elevated tumor COX-2 level is correlated with elevated HIF-1α levels and invasiveness in HCC, suggesting COX-2 plays an important role in the progression of HCC, and may be an important therapeutic target in HCC.

Abstract:Objective: To study the expression of CD44 correlation and the ability of metastasis of tumor cells in gastric carcinoma, and to find the correlation of the quantitative of CD44V6mRNA and the histology expression of CD44v6 in tumors with the clinic-pathologic features, and to make the quantitative expression of CD44v6mRNA. Methods: Twenty patients with gastric carcinoma, 4patients with gastritis, and 10 apparently healthy controls were recruited. Blood samples were obtained before surgery. 10 days after surgery, the blood samples were obtained again. Serum CD44v6mRNA in all cases was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Results:Serum CD44V6mRNA was detectable in 20 of 20( 100％ ) gastric carcinoma cases, The expression level ranged from 4.9 × 102 copies/μg RNA to 3.2 × 10s copies/μg RNA, the average levels of peripheral blood was 3.9 × 104 copies/μg RNA, The expression level of peripheral blood of gastric cancer after curative operation ranged from 5.5 × 100 copies/μg RNA to 7.6 × 103 copies/μg RNA. After curative operation the expression level was decreased markedly. Conclusion: Serum CD44v6mRNA is expressed in the peripheral blood of gastric carcinoma patients. The expression level of CD44V6mRNA is obviously decreased after curative operation. An elevated level of CD44v6mRNA may serve as an indicator of lymph node metastasis (especially early metastasis) and bad prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoma.

Abstract:Objective: The aseptic loosening of the implants is the main contributor to the long-term failure of hip arthroplasty.One of the alternatives is to choose ceramic head instead of the traditional CoCr head. This study is conducted to determine the clinicalefficacy of a zirconia ceramic head. Methods: Twenty-six cementless total hip arthroplasties in 24 patients were performed using a zirconiahead coupled with polyethylene. All hips were followed for an average of 9 years (range, 6-13 years). A matched group of 26 hips in 26patients using cobalt-chrome heads coupled with polyethylene were also followed for average of 10 years (range, 5-14 years). The twogroups of patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically respectively. Results: The average scores of functional hip according toHarris standard improved from 46 (preoperatively) to 86 (at the final follow-up) in the Zirconia group, and from 50 to 88 in the CrCogroup. The mean liner wear rate of zirconia-polyethylene coupling was 0. 118 mm/year (range, 0. 064-0. 175 mm/year), and the linearwear rate of CrCo-polyethylene was 0.113 mm/year (range, 0.056-0.190 mm/year). There were 10 hips (27％) revised due to looseningor extensive osteolysis of the.cup in the Zirconia group, and only 4 hips (11.5％) in CrCo group. Conclusion: Results of the studysuggest that a zirconia ceramic femoral head has little advantage over a cobalt-chrome head in decreasing polyethylene wear in vivo. Ourstudy demonstrates that although changes in designs and materials may offer theoretical advantages over current components, their effectsremain questionable in vivo.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate and compare theeffects of different concentrations of morphine, fentanyl and tramadol on the differentiation of human adult helper T cells in vitro. Methods: Twenty out-patients without immune disease were selected and their peripheral blood was collected. Then the whole blood of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were pretreated with different concentration of morphine, fentanyl and tramadol for 24 h. The level of CD4+ IFN-γ+ IL-2+/CD4+ IL-4+ IL-10+ was analyzed by three-color flow cytometry, and the CD4 + CCR5 + and CD4 + CCR3 + cells were counted to observe the imbalance of Th2/Th2. Results:The number of Th2 increased significantly and the ratio of Th2/Th2 decreased dramatically compared with the control group, and there was a dose-dependent fashion in all drugs. Conclusion: Morphine, fentanyl and tramadol can direct Th0 cells toward Th2 differentiation,especially morphine and fentanyl.

Abstract:Objective: Ethyl Pyruvate (EP) has been shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory agent in a variety of model systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EP on High Mobility Group Box1 (HMGB1) genes expression and the possible mechanisms of EP protecting against acute lung injury induced by sepsis. Methods: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal controls, sham operation, acute lung injury, and EP treatment (40 mg/kg intra-peritoneally every 6 hrs ) groups. At the time points of 24 hours the animals in each group were sacrificed, and the lungs were harvested. Wet/dry lung weight ratio, the protein in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), and pulmonary permeability index(PPI) were determined. The histological morphology of lung was observed under microscope. The expression of HMGB1 mRNA was measured using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results: EP treatment decreased wet/dry lung weight ratio, the protein in the BALF, and PPI ( P ＜ 0.01 ). The histological morphology of lung injury was ameliorated. EP significantly inhibited the HMGB1 mRNA expression (P ＜ 0.01 ). HMGB1 mRNA expression in lungs positivelycorrelation with wet/dry lung weight ratio, the protein in the BALF, and PPI. Conclusion: EP administered inhibits HMGB1 mRNAexpression, and protects the lungs against acute injury induced by sepsis.

Abstract:Objective: To compare the radiovisiography (RVG) with the clearing technique using Kappa value in the study of the root canal types. Methods: One hundred recently extracted human maxillary first premolars were used. Standard periapical RVG images were taken from a buccolingual and mesiodistal direction. The specimens were then accessed, injected with ink, demineralized,dehydrated, and finally were cleared. The RVG images and the transparent teeth were examined by a trained endodontist, and the date of root canal types following Wu's classification was collected. Results: The reliability of RVG was high for studies on simple root canals,but was poor for the studies on the multiple root canals. The Kappa value between the two techniques was 0.3793, indicating the agreement was poor. Conclusion: It is concluded that the limited value of RVG alone when studying certain aspect of the root canal system. The resolution of the RVG system should be enhanced.

Abstract:Objective: Previous studies have shown that glioma cells induced thc migration of nerve stem cells (NSCs)in vivo. This study was exploring whether this situation could happen in vitro. Methods: Supematant from C6 glioma cell lines or astrocytes cultured in serum-free medium growing in logarithmic phase were separately placed in lower chambers and NSCs were placed in the upper chambers of Trans-well culture system. After 36 h co-incubation, these NSCs spheres occurred on the middle membrane were counted. Results: Results demonstrated that the supernatant from C6 glioma cell culture, not from the astrocytes, enhanced the migration of NSCs ( P ＜0.01). Conclusion: Some components in C6 glioma cell culture can atract the migration of NSCs.

Abstract:Objective: To explore the effects of MG-132 on the expression of VEGF in bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS2B. Methods: Semi-quantitive RT-PCR for VEGF mRNA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for VEGF protein were performed. Results: MG-132 increased the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein BEAS-2B cells in time-and concentration-dependent manners. After 24-h stimulation, 25 μmol/L MG-132 increased the maximal levels of VEGF protein in cell-conditioned medium. When the cells were stimulated with cycloheximide(CHX) before treatment with MG-132, the MG-132-induced production of VEGF protein was inhibited compared to the unstimulated cells. Supernatant of condition-medium treatment with MG-132 enhanced the growth of HUVEC.Conclusion: MG-132 induces VEGF gene expression in human bronchial epithelial cells line, BEAS-2B, and the MG-132-induced expression of VEGF may modulate lung tissue injury due to airway inflammation.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the effects of endothlin- 1 (ET- 1 ) on vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs ) proliferation and the expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ (PPAR-γ) in VSMCs. Methods: VSMCs of 16-week-old wistar rats thoracic aorta were cultured. VSMCs were treated by ET-1 for 48 h and observed of the proliferation by MTT. The expression of PPAR-γmRNA and protein in cultured VSMCs treated by different concentration of ET-1 for 48 h was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results: Compared with control group, VSMCs treated by ET-1 proliferated with the increase concentration of ET-1. There was significant differences among different groups ( P ＜ 0.01). Meanwhile, the expression of PPAR-γ both in mRNA and in protein levels deceased. The expression of PPAR-γ in VSMCs was gradually decreased along with the increase concentration of ET-1. There was significant differences among different groups ( P ＜0.01). Compared with control group, the expression of both PPAR-γ mRNA and PPAR-γ in ET-1 treated groups were lower( P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion: ET-1 could induce VSMCs proliferation and the expression of PPAR-γ in VSMCs, which demonstrates that high dose ET-1 obviously weakens the function of PPAR-γ to increase VSMCs proliferation.

Abstract:Objective: To analyze the relationship of severity of heart failure and the concentration of serum sodium(Na + ) and chlorine(Cl- ) and to explore the effect of supplying sodium and chlorine on patients with Congestive heart failure. Methods: 80 patients with congestive heart failure were divided into two groups, namely supplying and control group. Serum sodium and chlorine were measured in all these patients. All treatments but supplying sodium and chlorine were same between the supplying and control groups. Results:According to NYHA, patients who were in class Ⅳ had lower level of serum sodium and chlorine than those in class Ⅱ ( P ＜ 0.05). The heart function was improved after the level of serum sodium and chlorine were raised. Conclusions: The concentration of serum sodium and chlorine relates to the severity of heart failure. The therapy of supplying sodium and chlorine is an effective way to decrease death rate.