Abstract:Objective:To analysis the feature of vascular calcification in the radial arteries from 30 uremia patients,observe the effect of high calcium and high phosphate enviroment on rat vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) in vitro. Methods:Radial arteries from uremia patients were examined for calcification by von Kossa and Alizarin red staining. Expression of smooth muscle cells marker α-SMA and bone matrix protein OP were detected by immunohistochemistry. Rat VSMCs were cultured in high calcium/high phosphate medium for 10 days to detect calcium deposition,furthermore, expression of α-SMA and OP was analyzed by Western blot. Results:Radial artery calcification mainly located in the medial layer,which occurred in 11 uremia patients. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that in the mild/moderate calcified arteries group,expression of α-SMA was 71.11% ± 4.93% and in severe calcification group was 54.66% ± 5.15%,significantly lower than that of none calcification group(89.54% ± 2.92%,P < 0.01). Furthermore,the content of bone matrix protein OP was also upregulated in the uremia arteries,in mild/moderate calcification group was 22.19% ± 7.12% and in severe calcification group was 37.87% ± 6.17%(compared with none calcification group,6.85% ± 6.19%,P < 0.01). Calcium deposition was observed in VSMCs cultured with high calcium/high phosphate medium for 10 days,and production of OP was increased,expression of α-SMA was decreased. Conclusion:Calcificated vascular from uremia patients displayed decreased expression of α-SMA and upregulation of OP protein in the media layer,which was correlated with high calcium plus phosphate product,indicating that VSMCs showed the feature of osteoblast-like cells.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the role of oxidative stress in aldosterone(ALDO)-induced mesangial cell(MC) proliferation,and to detect the inhibitory effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor--酌(PPAR-酌) agonist on ALDO-induced MC proliferation. Methods:Mouse primary mesangial cells were treated with ALDO(100 nmol/L) in the presence or absence of N-acytosistin(NAC,10 -滋mol/L)or Rosiglitazone(1.0,2.3,5.0,10.0 -滋mol/L). MC proliferation was measured by 3H-thymidine incoporation. MC cell-cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cyclin D1 and cyclin A expression was determined by Western blot analysis. Reactive oxygen species(ROS)production was measured by 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate(DCFDA) fluorescence. Results:①ALDO-induced MC proliferation was inhibited by PPAR-酌 agonist rosiglitazone in dose-dependent manner in mouse mesangial cells; ②ALDO increased cell number in S- and G2/M phase,which was inhibited by rosiglitazone; ③Rosiglitazone reduced ALDO-induced cyclin D1 and cyclin A expression in dose-dependent manner; ④NAC significantly inhibited ALDO-induced MC proliferation. Rosiglitazone dose-dependently inhibited ALDO-induced ROS production. Conclusions:ROS involved in ALDO-induced MC proliferation. PPAR-酌 ligand rosiglitazone blocked ALDO-induced MC proliferation via inhibition of ROS production.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the kidney injury in the patients after contrast examination. Methods:34 patients underwent CT enhancement scanning or intravenous pyelography were enrolled in this study. The concentration of Scr and urine NGAL at different time points were measured. Results:None of contrast-induced nephropathy(CIN) occurred in 34 enrolled patients. After the contrast examination,Scr did not significantly change at any time point but urine NGAL significantly elevated at 2 h and 8 h. Conclusion:Early kidney injury occurred in the patients after the contrast examination without the change of Scr level.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of silibinin on the expression of connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) and the secretion of type Ⅲ collagen in HK-2 cells induced by TGF-β1. Methods:In vitro,HK-2 cells were divided into three groups:①control group;②5 ng/ml TGF-β1 group; ③5 ng/ml TGF-β1+silibinin with different concentrations group, 5 μg/ml,10 μg/ml and 20 μg/ml,respectively. 48 h later,the expression of CTGF mRNA in cells were detected by reverse transcription-po1ymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR);the concentrations of CTGF and collagen Ⅲ secreted into the culture supernatant was determined by ELISA. Results:Compared with control group,the expression of CTGF mRNA and the concentration of the secreted collagen Ⅲ and CTGF were all increased markedly in the group of TGF-β1 treatment(P < 0.01). Compared with TGF-β1 group,the different concentrations of(5 μg/ml,10 μg/ml and 20 μg/ml) silibinin could also effectively suppress the expressions of CTGF mRNA and the concentration of the secreted collagen Ⅲ and CTGF(P < 0.01) in a dose-dependent manner. And the 20 μg/ml silibinin group had the most prominent effect. Conclusion:Silibinin could suppress the expressions of collagen Ⅲ and CTGF induced by TGF-β1. It is suggested that silibinin might exert an inhibitive effect on renal fibrosis,which may be related with its role in reducing the expression of CTGF and preventing accumulation of ECM.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of fluvastatin on proliferation of human renal tubular epithelial cell induced by AngiotensinⅡ. Methods:Cultured human renal tubular epithelial cells were treated with AngⅡ at different concentrations(10-9,10-8, 10-7,10-6 and 10-5 mol/L respectively) for different time(12 h,24 h,48 h). Then the cells were treated with AngⅡ(10-5 mol/L) and fluvastatin in different concentrations(10-9,10-8,10-7,10-6 and 10-5 mol/L respectively) for different time(12 h,24 h,48 h). The proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells were determined by MTT colorimetry. Results:After treated with AngⅡ for 48 h,the proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells was increased significantly, especially in 10-5 mol/L of AngⅡ, and then decreased significantly after treated with Fluvastatin,especially at the concentration of 10-5 mol/L for 48 h. Conclusion:Fluvastatin can inhibit the proliferation of human renal tubular epithelial cell induced by AngⅡ in a dose-dependent manner.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the affinity of human single-chain variable fragment antibody against -茁-amyloid peptide(A-茁) by surface plasmon resonance(SPR) sensor. Methods:A-茁1-40 was fixed on sensing chip surface and the antibodies as E3 scfv were applied as mobile phase. Binding and separation of A-茁1-40 with the antibodies were monitored in real time. The interaction mode between antigen and antibody and the relevant dynamic parameters were determined. Results:A specific interaction between A-茁1-40 and E3 scfv or DE2B4,rather than 9E10 was detected. The binding and separation between the antigen and antibody were dynamic with a slow speed; Affinity DE2B4 with A-茁1-40 was 6.77 × 10-7 mol/L and that of E3 scfv was 5.38 × 10-6 mol/L. Conclusion:SPR is useful in determination of affinity of E3 scfv with A-茁1-40.

Abstract:Objective:To obtain recombinant HPV16 E6 specific RNA interference expressi-on vectors and investigate the inhibitory effects of the vectors on the expression of human papil-omavirus E6 gene. Methods:According to the computer aided design,56nt oligonucleotide fragments containing different HPV16 E6 specific sequences were synthsized and cloned into the expression vectors,The recombinants were transfected into cervical cancer cell line,Caski,with liposomes. Expression of E6 was detected by FQ-PCR(fluorescence quantitative PCR) and flow cytometry. Results:HPV16 E6 specific siRNA expression vectors were confirmed by PCR analysis and DNA sequencing. Three kinds of expression vectors could reduce the expressions of E6 mRNA and protein all in Caski-B cell. The inhibition ratio of E6 mRNA reduced to 89.5%, and protein inhibition ratio reached 98.1%. Conclusion:The RNAi expression vectors can effectively inhibit the expression of HPVE6 Gene.

Abstract:Objective:To further investigate the realation between IL-10 and the pathogenesis of SLE. Methods:MDDCs was cultured with 30 pg/ml IL-10 and 0 pg/ml IL-10. The phenotypes of these DCs(CD14,CD11c,CD1a,HLA-DR,CD80,CD86 and CD83) were analyzed by flow cytometer. The stimulating allogenic lymphocytes proliferation abilities of these DCs were checked by CCK-8. ELISA was used to measure IL-12p40,IL-10 and INF-γconcentrations of the MDDCs culture supernatants. Results:The expression of HLA-DR,CD86,CD80 and CD83 of MDDCs cultured with 30 pg/ml IL-10 was lower than that of MDDCs without IL-10. MDDCs treated with 30 pg/ml IL-10 showed decreased abilities of stimulating allogenic T cells proliferation. The IL-12p40,IL-10 and INF-γconcentrations were no significant alteration. Conclusion:Exogenous IL-10 inhibited the differentiation and function of MDDCs. These results further showed that IL-10 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Abstract:Objective:To modify the manipulation of CD11c cells magnetic beads sorting,and explore the effect of CD11c cells on inducing the proliferation of autogenic CD4+T and CD8+T cells. Methods:Collagenase,DNaseⅠand EDTA were used for digesting the spleen tissue,and murine serum and CD16/32 antibody were applied for blocking the nonspecific connecting of CD11c beads and the spleen cells. After modified beads sorting,the purity of CD11c cells was checked by flow cytometry. The proliferation of autogenic CD4+T and CD8+T cells and the concentration of cytokines in the supernatant of the cocultue cells were detected by mixed lymphocyte culture and ELISA,respectively. Results:Average(4.52 ± 0.05)×106 CD11c cells were collected in each murine spleen by the modified beads sorting,and the purity of CD11c was 98%. The proliferation of CD4+T and CD8+T cells and the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ of these cells were significantly induced by CD11c cells of recombinant E.coli LLO/OVA vaccinated mice. Conclusion:More quantity and higher purity of CD11c cells were collected by modified magnetic beads sorting,and the actived CD11c cells play a role on inducd autogenic T cells proliferation and cytokines secretion.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the potential association between the polymorphisms in MIF-173 genotypes and prognosis factors(PSA value,Gleason score and clinical stage) of prostate cancer(PCa). Methods:The polymorphisms of MIF-173 sites were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) technique using genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood. The association between the prognosis factors(PSA value,Gleason score and clinical stage) of PCa and different genotypes was evaluated. Results:The MIF-173*C variant allele was associated with higher PSA value of the PCa(adjusted OR =4.39,95%CI:2.43-7.93). It was noted that the MIF-173*C variant allele was associated with higher Gleason score and later clinical stage of PCa patients(adjusted OR = 10.73,95%CI:5.36-21.50[adjusted OR = 15.68,95%CI:7.40-33.23,respectively). Conclusion:The results demonstrated that the MIF-173 G to C variant influenced the PSA value,Gleason soccer and clinical stage of PCa. The MIF-173 G to C variant might have a joint effect on the risk of worse prognosis of PCa.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the role of MAPKs signal transduction system in the proliferation of human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7 induced by Leptin. Methods:Human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7 was treated with different concentrations of Leptin. The proliferation of MCF-7 cells was measured by MTT assay. The expression of Ob-R mRNA was detected by RT-PCR with or without MAPKs signals blocked by their each inhibitors,SP600125,the inhibitor of JNK,and PD98059,the inhibitor of ERK.The expression of JNK,p-JNK,ERK,p-ERK was detected at different time treated with leptin by Western blot. Results:Leptin increased the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blotting vesults implicated that 50 ng/ml Leptin induced the activation of JNK and ERK. The expression of p-JNK was detected with 3 min after Leptin treated and at the same time rapidly reached its peak. While the ERK was activated earlier than the JNK,at the 30th second after Leptin treated. The protein content of total JNK and ERK had no significant changes. Then the proliferation activated by leptin after MAPKs signaling pathway blocked by their inhibitors was reevaluated. The results showed that after inhibiting the activities of JNK and ERK,the proliferation induced by Leptin was also attenuated. Otherwise, the level of Leptin receptor expressing on the surface of MCF-7 cells was examined,which formed an autocrine loop and facilitated the effect of Leptin. 100 ng/ml Leptin increased the Ob-R mRNA level,while blocking the MAPKs signaling pathway decreased the Ob-R mRNA level. Conclusion:It demonstrated that leptin can stimulate the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in vitro. MAPKs signal transduction system involved in the proliferation,which also regulated the expression of Ob-R,forming an autocrine loop at the local site of tumor and amplifying the leptin signaling pathway.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-47) on the function and morphology of pancreatic islets and insulin sensitivity in vivo. Methods:Male mice were randomly divided into group A(normal control), group B(BDE-47-treated group,25 μg/kg), group C(BDE-47-treated group,50 μg/kg) and group D(E2-treated group,50 μg/kg). The observation time was four weeks after exposure to BDE-47. The intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were performed to evaluate the function of pancreatic islets and insulin sensitivity,respectively. Immunohistochemistry technique was used to measure the changes of islet morphology and quantity of mice. Results:Fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance of the mouse were both normal on basic state. Compared with group A,the levels of fasting glucose and fasting insulin were not significantly different in group B and C after the injection of BDE-47. The peak of blood glucose level and the area under the curve(AUC) were all decreased statistically after the glucose load in group C,and the peak of insulin secretion and the AUC were both increased dramatically. No alteration of blood glucose level was found in the mice of group B and group C after insulin injection,suggesting normal insulin sensitivity. There was no statistical difference in both insulin resistance index and insulin sensitive index among three groups. The average photo-density of insulin-expression positive zone,insulin relative concentration(IRC),insulin-expression positive cell area were all increased significantly in group C. Conclusion:Low concentration of BDE-47 insulin secretion of the mouse caused elevate after glucose load,indicating that environmental endocrine disruptors play an important role in the increase of insulin content of islets and the induction of hyperinsulinemia.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the effect of dexamethasone on expression of airway inflammation and transcription factor T-bet and GATA-3 in asthmatic rats. Methods:Thirty-six SD rats(SPF) were randomly divided into normal control group(group A),asthmatic model group(group B) and dexamethasone group(group C) with 12 rats in each group. The asthmatic model of SD rats was established by immunization with intraperitoneal injected and inhaled ovalbumin(OVA). The animals were executed under anesthesia within 24 h after the last atomization. The morphological changes in lung tissues of rats were measured. The thickness of airway wall(WA/Pi) and airway smooth muscle(ASM/Pi),and the numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes were measured. The concentrations of interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-4,IL-5 and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The mRNA and protein expressions of T-bet and GATA-3 in the lungs were measured semiquantitatively by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Results:In group B and group C,the numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes,and the WA/Pi and ASM/Pi were all significantly higher than those in group A(P < 0.01). The four indexes in group C were all significantly lower than those in group B(P < 0.01). In group B and group C,the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-5 in BALF were all significantly higher than those group A(P < 0.01),the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ in BALF were all significantly lower than those in group A(P < 0.01). In group C,the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-5 in BALF were all significantly lower than those group B(P < 0.01),but the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ in BALF were no significantly than those in group B. In group B and group C,expressions of T-bet were significantly lower than that in group A(P < 0.01),but expressions of T-bet in group C were no significantly than that in group B. In group B and group C,expression of GATA-3 were significantly higher than that in group A(P < 0.01). Expression of GATA-3 in group C were significantly lower than that in group B(P < 0.01). The correlation analysis indicated that in group B,protein expressions of T-bet was negatively correlated with the numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes,and the WA/Pi and ASM/Pi(r = -0.82,-0.86,-0.78,-0.80,P < 0.01),But protein expression of GATA-3 was positively correlated with the numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes,and the and ASM/Pi(r = 0.83,0.85,0.76,0.79,P < 0.01). Protein expression of T-bet was negatively correlated with protein expression of GATA-3 in group B(r = -0.88,P < 0.01). Conclusion:The expressions of T-bet were low in bronchial asthmatic rats,and the expressions of GATA-3 were high in bronchial asthmatic rats. Dexamethasone can lessen airway inflammation and expression of GATA-3,but there was no significant effect on expression of T-bet with dexamethasone.

Abstract:Objective:To establish an animal model of tooth separation, and analyze the expression of substance P in dental pulp. Methods:0.03 mm wire were applied between the right maxillary first molar and second molar of the rats. The dental pulp were stained by HE and immunochemistry to observe the expression of substance P(SP) after 6 h,12 h,1 d,3 d and 7 d, respectively. Results:Expression of SP was increased after 6 h,12 h and reached the peak after 1 d,and then decreased. The expression of SP was almost the same as normal after 7 d. Conclusion:The change of SP in dental pulp during orthodontic tooth separation indicated that SP may play an important role in orthodontical pain.

Abstract:Objective:To establish the method of human vascular smooth muscle cells(hVSMCs)culture. Methods:Tissues were separated from segments of human adult aorta obtained at chest surgery. Small pieces of medial layer(about 1 mm3) were placed in flask and cultured in DMEM containing 20% heat-inactivated FCS and supplemented with sodium pyruvate(1 mmol/L),L-glutamine(1 mmol/L), penicillin(100 U/mL) and streptomycin(100 mg/mL). The cells were subcultured with 0.25% trypsin. Purity of cultures was assessed by positive immunostaining for -琢-smooth muscle actin(-琢-SMA). Results:Two weeks later,the colonies formed by migrated cells from the explants were collected at confluence and routinely subcultured. Cells used in the experiments were between passages 3 and 8. Immunofluorescence staining reavealed that VSMCs displayed elongated in shape with enormous a-SMA expression. Conclusion:The method of aorta explants culture can be used to get the VSMCs in vitro.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate whether pancreatic ductal presservation with trypsin inhibitor and University of Wisconsin solution(UW solution) would improve islet yield from rat pancreases preserved for 6 and 24 h. Methods:Islets were isolated from Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats. Pancreases were classified into five groups:fresh without pancreatic ductal preservation and preserving in University of Wisconsin(group 1,n = 8);preserved for 6 h in UW solution without and with pancreatic ductal preservation(group 2,n = 8 and group 3,n = 8);preserved for 24 h in UW solution without and with pancreatic ductal preservation(group 4,n = 8 and group 5,n = 8). Dithizon(DTZ) staining was used to identify islet yield;trypan blue uptake was used to assess the viability of islets. Results:Islet yields per pancreas in groups 1 to 5 were 1 820 ± 639,585 ± 151,1 496 ± 676,567 ± 182,and 1 442 ± 857(islet equivalent ± SD),respectively. The viability of islets in groups 1 to 5 were(93.8 ± 4.9)%,(82.1 ± 5.6)%,(89.6 ± 4.9)%,(77.9 ± 5.0)% and(86.7 ± 7.1)%,respectively. In all experiments,the differences were significant between the groups with/without pancreatic ductal preservation(P < 0.05,group 2 vs. group 3 and group 4 vs. group 5). Conclusion:Pancreatic ductal preservation with trypsin inhibitor and UW solution improved islet yield after 6 and 24 h of preservation.

Abstract:Objective:To develop a convenient,inexpensive and efficiency method for separate high-purity primary hepatocytes isolation of murine. Methods:The improved method was used with low concentration type IV collagenase. Purified hepatocytes were separated from the dissociative cells by low-speed centrifugation(300 r/min,1min,3-5 times). The survival rate was measured by typan blue exclusion and the purity was measured by PAS staining. The time,viability and purity of two methods were compared. Results:The cell viability was higher than that of cells obtained by traditional method,and the quantity of collagenase and the time used was decreased markedly. The purity was nearly the same as the method of percoll purity. Conclusion:A new method for separate high-purity primary hepatocytes isolation was sullessfully established.

Abstract:Objective:Establish a 3D FE(finite element) model with geometric and mechanical similaritiy to the physical implant prosthese components. Methods:Use the 3D CaMega optical scanning system, to establish a CAD model of implant and abutment,which is imported into CAE software(ANSYS 11.0) for meshing to establish the FE model,and the parameters of the FE model is then adjusted according to the load-deformation test data. Results:According to experimental data,the 3D FE model of implant prosthese established has the geometric and mechanical similarity to implant prosthese components. Conclusion:The FE model of implant denture components established with 3D CaMega optical scanning and by correcting FE model parameters can reflect their physical geometric shapes and mechanical properties.

Abstract:Objective:To study the technology of volatile oils from Bupleurum chinense. by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction(SFE)and analyze its chemical constituents. Methods:The SFE technology was chosen and optimized by an orthogonal-design method. The extraction were separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and their relative contents were determined by normalization method of area. The chemical constituents of oil from SFE and those from traditional steam distillation extraction were compared. Results:The optimum technological conditions were that the extracting pressure was 25MPa,extracting temperature was 55℃;separatorⅠpressure was 8MPa,separatorⅠtemperature was 60℃;separatorⅡpressure was 6MPa,separatorⅡtemperature was 40℃;extraction period was 3 h;CO2 flow rate was 30~35 kg/h. Twenty-four constituents including hexanal were identified in volatile oils. Conclusion:The SPE method could extract more chemical constituents of volatile oils.

Abstract:Objective:To study the effects of the blueberry on immune modulation in rats. Methods:Rats were orally administered with blueberry extract and sterile water for 30 days at the dose of 54 mg,108 mg and 325 mg/(kg·bw). Weight,index of immune organs,proliferation ability of lymphocytes,DTH response,the level of serum HC50,NK cell activity and phagocytic function of macrophages were observed. Results:Compared with the control group,the blueberry could improve the capacities of lymphocyte proliferation induced by ConA,DTH response,the level of serum HC50,NK cell activity and macrophage in group of 325 mg/kg. It could improve DTH response and the level of serum HC50 in group of 108 mg/kg. And it could improve NK cell activity in group of 54 mg/kg. Conclusion:Blueberry has effects on promoting immune function in rats.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the protein expression of Clusterin in breast cancer and its clinical significance. Methods:Clusterin expression were examined by immunohistochemical staining method in 60 cases with breast cancer,10 cases with benign pathological changes and 10 cases with normal breast tissues. Results:The positive rates of Clusterin in normal breast tissues,benign pathological changes and breast cancer tissues were 0%,10% and 78.33%, respectively. The expression of Clusterin in breast cancer was much higher than that in normal breast tissues(P < 0.05) and benign pathological changes(P < 0.05). The expression of Clusterin in breast cancer tissues was closely related to histological type(P < 0.05) and lymph node metastasis(P < 0.05). but no correlated to the age,tumor size and clinical stage. There was a negative correlation between ER,PR and Clusterin. There was no correlation between C-erbB-2 and Clusterin. There was a positive correlation between p53,Ki67 and Clusterin. Conclusion:Clusterin may play an important role in the biological characteristics of breast cancer by the antiapoptosis pathway. It may be used as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sequential moxifloxacin therapy in the treatment of elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Methods:One hundred and eighty-four elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia were randomly divided into three groups. In group A(control group),moxifloxacin was administered by intravenous infusion,400 mg/250 ml once daily for 7~10 d. In group B(moxifloxacin sequential group),moxifloxacin was administered by intravenous infusion 400 mg/250 ml,once daily until to sequential switch time window,followed by oral administration at the same dose. The total treatment duration was also 7~10 days. In group C(combination sequential group),Cefuroxime was administered by intravenous infusion 3.0 g/250 ml,twice daily,with Azithromycin 500 mg/250 ml,once daily until to sequential switch time window,followed by oral administration of Cefuroxime tablet 250 mg,twice daily and Azithromycin table 500 mg,once daily. The total treatment duration was also 7~10 d. Results:The overall cure rates and efficacy rates were 67.2 % and 93.4 % in group A,65.5 % and 87.9 % in group B,44.7 % and 72.3% in group C,respectively. The bacterial clearance rates were 88.5 % in group A,85.2 % in group B,60.0 % in group C,respectively. There was no significant difference(P > 0.05) between group A and B,and there was significant difference(P < 0.05) between group B and C in the above results. Sequential switch time window were(2.2 ± 1.10)d in group B,(3.09 ± 1.23)d in group C,respectively(P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse drug reactions of three groups were 4. 9%,3.4 % and 13.8 %,respectively. There was no significant difference(P > 0.05) between group A and B,and there was significant difference(P < 0.05) between group B and C in the above results. Conclusion:Sequential therapy of moxifloxacin in treatment of elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia was effective and safe.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the clinical appilication of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Methods:Twenty-four prostate cancer patients confirmed by transrectal biospy with 32 nodules in the outer gland underwent CEUS with a bolus injection of SonoVue. The enhancement appearance of all the nodules were overviewed and the time-intensity curves(TIC) were drawn to record and analyze the parameters of contrast agent arrival time(AT),time to peak intensity(TTP) and peak intensity(PI). Results:Twenty-seven,2,2 and 1 of 32 nodules showed increased,equal,decreased and no enhancement,respectivery, compared with surrounding outer gland tissue. The AT and TTP of 31 enhancement nodules(16.9 ± 6.1)s and(29.1 ± 9.7)s,respectively were lower than that of the normal outer gland tissues(20.2 ± 6.6)s and(35.0 ± 7.9)s, respectively (P < 0.05),and the PI(9.6 ± 4.0)dB higher than that of the normal(7.5 ± 3.8)dB (P < 0.05). Conclusion:CEUS could reveal the presence of vasculature within the lesions of prostate cancer objectively and guide the prostate biopsy and TIC could be used in the quantity analysis of the lesions. CEUS could be helpful in the early diagnosis of the prostate cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the characteristics of acoustic parameters and spectrograph of functional dysphonia(FD) and the effect of visual-hearing biofeedback voice therapy,to evaluate the value of acoustic analysis technique by computer in diagnosis and voice therapy of FD. Methods:The voice signals of sustained vowel “-琢” were measured with a microcomputer in 68 patients with functional dysphonia and 50 healthy adults. The acoustic parameters(jitter,shimmer,NNE) and spectrographic characteristic were analyzed and compared. The patients were trained by visual-hearing biofeedback voice therapy with the same microcomputer and the effect were evaluated. Results:In 68 cases with functional dysphonia, the shimmer and NNE were significantly increased and the jitter was slightly increased. The spectrograph showed pathologic changes of harmonic waves and formants in middle and high frequencies. The normal acoustic characteristics could be found in 75%(51/68) of the patients with functional dysphonia. 86%(59/68) of the patients with functional dysphonia could pronounced correctly after voice therapy in the first visit. Conclusion:The acoustic analysis by computer technique is useful in the diagnosis of functional dysphonia. The visual-hearing voice therapy by the microcomputer is simple,direct-viewing and effective.

Abstract:Objective:To study the effect of mitochondrial dysfunction on hippocampal cell apoptosis in kainite acid-induced epilepsy in rat. Methods:Kainite acid-induced epilepsy model was induced by injection of kainite acid into the hippocampus. Forty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: the control and KA group(6 h,1 d,3 d,7 d),n = 8 for each group. The concentration of free calcium ion,ATP,and ADP,mitochondrial membrane potential,the activities of the mitochondrial respiratory chains complexⅡand Ⅳ,Na+-K+-ATPase in hippocampus were detected. Results:In the hippocampus,the concentration of free calcium ion was increased significantly,and mitochondrial membrane potential,the activities of the mitochondrial respiratory chains complexⅡand Ⅳ,Na+-K+-ATPase,and the concentration of ATP were significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion:Mitochondrial dysfunction may cause hippocampal cell apoptosis in kainite acid-induced epilepsy in rat.