Abstract:Embryonic stem(ES) cells are pluripotent cells that can give rise to derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers. Due to its characteristics, the patient-specific ES cells are of great potential for transplantation therapies. Several strategies can reprogramme somatic cells back to pluripotent stem cells: nuclear transfer, fusion with ES cells, treatment with cell extract and induction by specific factors. Considering the future clinical use, the differentiation from ES to neurons, cardiomyocytes and many other types of cells currently provide basic cognition and experience to regenerative medicine. This article will review two courses, the reprogramming of differentiated cells and the differentiation of ES cells to specific cell types.

Abstract:Objective: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the important cataract risk factors. However, the pathogenesis is still poorly understood. The migration of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs) plays a crucial role in the remodeling of lens capsule and cataract formation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism of UV inducing cataractogenesis. Methods:The toxicity of UV-irradiation on HLECs was assessed by Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay. The activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) was observed by Gelatin zymography. The migration of HLECs was examined by Cell Track Motility. Results:UV-irradiation does great harm to HLECs, and may induce apoptosis in the cells when UV higher than 15 mj/cm2. UV significantly increased MMP-2 activity in a time-dependent manner. In addition, the irradiation could induce the migration of HLECs. Conclusion:UV-irradiation could induce the migration of HLECs by increasing the activity of MMP-2.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the expression of MDR-1 P-glycoprotein(MDR-1 Pgp) in breast cancer and analyze its correlation to the biological behavior and prognosis of the disease. Methods:The expression of MDR-1 Pgp was examined in 75 cases of breast cancer patients by using three different monoclonal antibodies(JSB1, C219 and C494) with S-P immunohistochemisty. These patients were followed up for 5 years, and the correlation between MDR-1 Pgp expression, survival rate and lymph metastasis was analyzed. Results:Positive detection of MDR-1 Pgp by JSB1, C219 and C494 in 75 cases of breast cancer was 86.7%, 48% and 85.3%, respectively. MDR-1 Pgp expression was not related to ages of patients (P > 0.05). JSB1-detected expression of MDR-1 Pgp was related to lymph node metastasis(P < 0.05); while C219 and C494 were not(P > 0.05). The patients with MDR-1 Pgp expression positively detected by either two of the three antibodies, had five-year survival rate that was significantly higher than those positively detected by all the three antibodies(P < 0.05). Conclusion:Three antibodies should be used simultaneously to detect MDR-1 Pgp expression in breast cancer. Positive MDR-1 Pgp expression in breast cancer detected by all the three antibodies may represent a poor prognosis; while positive MDR-1 Pgp detection by JSB1 and C494 is associated with lymph metastasis.

Abstract:Objective: Multidrug resistance(MDR) is one of the most important reasons for treatment failure and recurrence of acute leukemia. Its manifestations are different in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) which may be due to different detection methods. This study was to detect the expression of MDR1 mRNA in bone marrow cells of children with ALL by real-time fluorescence-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase-chain reaction(FQ-RT-PCR), and combine minimal residual desease(MRD) detection by flow cytometry(FCM) and to study their relationship with treatment response and prognosis of ALL. Methods:The MDR1 mRNA levels in bone marrow cells from 67 children with ALL[28 had newly diagnosed disease, 27 had achieved complete remission(CR), 12 recurrent] and 22 children without leukemia were detected by FQ-RT-PCR. MRD was detected by FCM. The patients were observed for 9~101 months, with a median of 64 months. Results:Standard curves of human MDR1 and GAPDH genes were constructed successfully. MDR1 mRNA was detected in all children with a positive rate of 100%. The mRNA level of MDR1 was similar among the newly diagnosed ALL group, CR group, and control group(P > 0.05), but significantly higher in the recurrence group than that in newly diagnosed disease group and control group(0.50±0.55 vs. 0.09±0.26 and 0.12±0.23, P < 0.05). 54 ALL patients were followed up, and it was found that MDR1 mRNA level was significantly higher in ALL patients within 3 years duration than that of ALL patients with 3~6 years and over 6 years duration(0.63±0.56 vs. 0.11±0.12 and 0.04±0.06, P < 0.01). For the 28 children with newly diagnosed disease, the MDR1 mRNA level was similar between WBC > 50×109 group and WBC<50×109 group(P > 0.05). In the 33 CR patients, the MDR1 mRNA level was significantly higher in MRD>103 group than that in MRD<103 group(0.39±0.47 vs. 0.03±0.03, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The sensitivity and specificity of FQ-RT-PCR in detecting MDR1 mRNA in bone marrow cells of children with ALL patients are high. MDR1 mRNA is expressed in children with and without leukemia. MDR1 mRNA is highly expressed in the CR ALL patients with high MRD, recurrence and short duration(within 3 years). Monitoring MRD and the MDR1 mRNA level might be helpful for individual treatment.

Abstract:Objective:To obtain early results of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCAB) in patients with significant left main coro-nary artery(LMCA) and triple vessels stenosis by comparing with those of a similar group undergoing conventional coronary artery bypass surgery(CCAB). Methods:Data for patients with significant LMCA and triple vessels stenosis who underwent CCAB or OPCAB were collected retrospectively between January 1999 and May 2006. Non-randomized, retrospective data analysis included demo-graphic and preoperative risk factors, operative details, clinical outcome and early follow-up. Results: The number of distal anastomo-sis and grafts varied from 3 to 6. The average number per patient was similar in the two groups (OPCAB group:3.76±0.98, CCAB group:3.81±1.02). Thirty-day mortality occurred to one patient in the OPCAB group whereas two early deaths were observed in the CCAB group but did not reach statistical significance (P ＞0.05). The frequency of atrial fibrillation (AF), IABP usage, mediastinitis, re-operation for bleeding (or tamponade) were similar in the two groups (P ＞0.05). Postoperative inotropic requirements, peak CK-MB, ventilation time, blood loss, FFP, RBC transfusion need and the length of ICU-stay were all significantly lower in the OPCAB group compared with CCAB group(P＜0.05).Conclusion: Significant LMCA and triple-vessel stenosis can safely and effectively undergo myocardial revascularization using OPCAB surgery. LMCA should no longer be seen as a contraindication to perform OPCAB grafting.

Abstract:Objective: To study the effect of ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) and hepatic artery ischemia(HAI) on CD14 expression in canine auto-transplantation livers. Methods:Liver orthotopic auto-transplantation models were applied with 30 healthy male Xi’an canines which were randomly divided into a control group, simultaneous reperfusion(SR) group and HAI group. CD14 protein expression, Malonaldehyde (MDA) Contents in hepatic tissues and ALT values in serum were detected, and the pathological changes of hepatic tissues was investigated under the light microscopy. Results:The level of CD14 protein expression in SR and HAI group tended to be time-dependent and both higher than controls with statistical significance(P ＜0.01); The peak values of these two groups both occurred at 4 h, but the level in HAI group (11.94±0.43) was evidently higher than that in SR group(3.04±0.34). MDA contents in liver tissue, ALT values in serum and pathological changes showed the same changing tendency as CD14 expression. Conclusion:①Up-regula-tion of CD14 expression may be the receptor-mechanism of Kupffer cells(KCs) activation in liver transplantation. ②HAI can up-regulate CD14 expression after portal vein reperfusion, improve the activity of KCs further more, increase OFRs production and coop-erate with portal reperfusion, and finally aggravate the grafts injury.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the relationship among plasma endothelin(ET), calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) and blood flow rate of bilateral vertebral arteries in patients with cervical vertigo(CV) and to assess the effect of ET and CGRP on the onset of CV. Methods:The concentration of ET and CGRP in 64 patients with CV and 30 controls was determined by radioimmunity method. The average blood flow velocity (Vm) of bilateral vertebral arteries was detected by Transcranial Doppler(TCD). Results:Plasma concen-tration of ET(91.48±9.08 pg/ml) and ET/CGRP ratio value(2.88±0.52) in vertebrobasilar arteriospasm group were both higher than those in vertebrobasilar non-arteriospasm group and in controls, while CGRP concentration(30.66±6.05 pg/ml) in vertebrobasilar arteriospasm group was lower than that in vertebrobasilar non-arteriospasm group and controls respectively. The Vm of bilateral verte-bral arteries in vertebrobasilar arteriospasm group(67.97±11.64 cm/s ) was higher than that in vertebrobasilar non-arteriospasm group and controls respectively, having a positive correlation with ET concentration and ET/CGRP ratio value(r1=0.52, P < 0.05; r2=0.59, P < 0.05), but a negative correlation with CGRP concentration(r3=-0.54, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in ET and CGRP concentration, ET/CGRP ratio value and the Vm of bilateral vertebral arteries between vertebrobasilar non-arteriospasm group and the control group. Conclusion: All the results indicate that ET and CGRP are possibly the most important substance factors at the onset of CV with vertebrobasilar arteriospasm, and their imbalance of regulating vertebrobasilar arterial contraction and relaxation may play an important role in the onset of CV with vertebrobasilar arteriospasm.

Abstract:Objective: To evaluate the risk and efficacy of simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty(TKA) in treatment of osteoarthritis when compared with sequential bilateral TKA and unilateral TKA. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 162 patients who underwent TKA from 2003 to 2006. The analyses were adjusted for demographics, preexisting medical conditions, and osteoarthritis diagnosis. Results:Patients undergoing simultaneous bilateral TKA had significantly lower amounts of blood loss, shorter surgical time, shorter hospitalization time, less hospital charges and lower rates of perioperative complications compared with patients undergoing sequential bilateral TKA. No significant difference was found with regard to postoperative complications between the simultaneous bilateral and the unilateral TKA groups. Patient’s knee range of motion and the postoperative Hospital for Special Surgery scores(HSS) were similar for the three groups. Conclusion:When there are adequate indications for bilateral TKA, simultaneous bilateral TKA is beneficial to patients compared with sequential bilateral or unilateral TKA.

Abstract:Objective: To study the effect of oxymatrine on the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) of Human benign epidermal keratinocytes line(HaCaT cells). Methods:HaCaT cells were cultured with different concentration of Oxymatrine(10μg/ml, 50μg/ml and 100μg/ml) for 24 h, then 10-5 mol/L Substance P was added to the cells. After 30 min, NF-κB expression in the cells was observed by immunocytochemistry, NF-κB P65 protein expression was evaluated by Western blot, and the mRNA expression of NF-κB P65 was evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The 10-5 mol/L Substance P and culture medium were added to the Substance P group and control group, respectively. Results:In control group, expression rate of positive cells, the expressions of protein and mRNA of NF-κB were all low. In Substance P group, when 10-5 mol/L Substance P was added, the expres-sions were all increased(P < 0.05). But in Oxymatrine groups, the expression rate of positive cells, the expressions of protein and mRNA were all descended in a concentration-dependent manner(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion:Oxymatrine can down-regulate the expression of NF-κB of the HaCaT cells and may play an important role in regulating anti-inflammation and immunity.

Abstract:Objective: To assess the relationship between allergic conjunctivitis(AC) and allergic rhinitis(AR) in pediatric ophthalmology and E.N.T outpatient clinic. Methods:Eight hundred and ninety two patients were enrolled in survey during Mar. 2005~Jan. 2007, 407 allergic conjunctivitis cases were placed in the ophthalmology clinic group and 485 allergic rhinitis cases were from the E.N.T clinic. The comorbid disorders, histories, symptoms, signs of patients were recorded. Type 1 allergy was tested in 479 cases by a specific IgE antibody blood test. Eosinophils were detected in superficial conjunctival scrapings of the superior tarsal conjunctiva and mucosa surface scrapings of middle nasal meatus in 88 cases with both diseases. Results:302(74%), 374(92%), 116(29%) in 407 cases with allergic conjunctivitis had concomitant eczema, rhinitis and asthma, respectively; 334(69%), 430(89%), 145(30%) in 485 cases with allergic rhinitis had concomitant eczema, allergic conjunctivitis and asthma, respectively. The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis concomitant allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis concomitant allergic conjunctivitis had no significant difference(x2=2.6, P > 0.05). The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis and allergic rhinitis concomitant eczema and asthma also had no significant difference(x2=3.08; x2=0.21, P > 0.05). The degree of severity of two kinds of disease symptoms is not parallel, in the patients with seasonal allergic conjuctivitis(SAC) and perennial allergic conjunctivitis(PAC), the clinical signs of AR were always severer(x2=258.2, P < 0.05) than those of AC. However, the results coincided with the cases with vernal keratoconjuctivitis(VKC)(x2=66.5, P < 0.05); Eosinophils were revealed in 50(57%) conjunctival scrapings and nasal mucosa scrapings(x2=1.5, P > 0.05), 47(53%) cases had positive results in both scrapings. The main aeroallergens were house dust mites, house dust and fungi, and the main food-allergens were fish, crab and shrimp. Conclusion:The two disorders were shown to share more similarities than differences, as suggested that allergic conjunctivitis should be considered in future guidelines on preventing the development of rhinitis and asthma in children.

Abstract:With the help of missionaries, western medicine had entered into China in the past 100 years. The inherent difference between Chinese traditional medicine and western medicine caused widespread disputes in scientific circles, medical arena, the philosophy and the political. Therefore, Chinese traditional medicine fell into the mess of survival and development several times. However, men’s development couldn’t depart from any kinds of cultural and any kinds of knowledge. The simple discuss on either retention or abandonment of Chinese traditional medicine seemed too extreme. Facing contradiction and the difference of Chinese and western medicine,we should start from the source,analyze the disagreement from historical vein, scan the region, the humanities environment, the thought and the language that affected the medical development,then understand and eliminate the difference, and realize the Chinese traditional medicine and the western medicine perfect union.

Abstract:Objective: To analyze the value of CTPA in assessing the dissolve of embolus and the function of the right ventricle dynamically. Methods:Twenty-three cases of massive pulmonary embolism were analyzed retrospectively. The pulmonary artery obstruction index and the right ventricular function parameters were collected and analyzed on CTPA before thrombolytic therapy, 24 hours and 14 days after therapy, respectively. Results:The pulmonary artery obstruction index decreased gradually, and there was significant difference before therapy, 24 hours and 2 weeks after therapy. Twenty-four hours after therapy, the maximal short axes diameter and the maximal transverse area of right ventricle(RVd, RVs) decreased significantly, the maximal short axes diameter and the maximal transverse area of left ventricle(LVd, LVs) increased significantly, and the RVd/LVd, RVs/LVs decreased apparently. The pulmonary artery symbolic pressure before and 24 hours after therapy were apparently different. There was no significant difference between azygos vein, the super vena cava, the main pulmonary artery and vein reflux before and after therapy. Conclusion:CTPA can evaluate the pulmonary artery obstruction degree and right ventricular function dynamically.

Abstract:The controversy whether “Chinese traditional medicine is scientific” had continued for more than 100 years. Recently,the retention or abolition of the Chinese traditional medicine aroused the attention of all sectors. In fact,looking at the concepts of science and science demarcation, especially the scientific basis, it was not difficult to find that the results appeared rash. After all,Chinese traditional medicine and western medicine were produced in two different cultures, and were all with their own cultural stigma. Produced in Chinese culture, Chinese medicine had made a significant contribution for human health,whether past or present. It was still full of strong vitality of the comprehensive knowledge and it was the integration of the arts from science and humanities. Although western science and western modern medicine occupied the mainstream nowaday, Chinese traditional medicine shouldn’t be prejudice to acknowledge and study, and it could grow with brand new life.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the correlation of fibrinogen level and absorbance change in both PT and APTT clotting curves on BCSXP Analyzer. Methods:A serial of standard fibrinogen and 250 patient plasma samples with different qualities(normal, hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia) were run on BCSXP for assays PT, APTT and Fibrinogen. The absorbance change(DeltaA) from baseline to plateau in clotting curve was retrieved and analyzed on its correlation with the Fibrinogen result. Influence of plasma quality and PT/APTT result on this correlation was also studied respectively. Results:Both PT-DeltaA and APTT-DeltaA showed good linear regres-sion with fibrinogen level in the sample, with R2 close to 0.90 in both standard and patient samples. Hemolysis(H), itcterus(I) and lipemia(L) of the sample with valid clotting curves were found to have no significant difference in this correlation from normal(N) sample(R2: 0.83H, 0.92I, 0.81L and 0.79N in PT; 0.89H, 0.95I, 0.91L and 0.89N in APTT) in either PT or APTT curve. PT or APTT result also has little impact on this correlation(0.71 in range 7 ~ 10 sec, 0.56 in10 ~ 20 sec, and 0.70 in 20 sec~; R2 in APTT: 0.88 in 20~30 sec, 0.92 in 30~40 sec, and 0.95 in 40 sec~). Conclusion:The absorbance change in either PT or APTT clotting curve correlates well with the fibrinogen level in plasma, which is independent of plasma quality PT or APTT results. The absorbance change can be used as an alternative way to roughly estimate fibrinogen level in either PT or APTT clotting curve when the result of clauss-based fibrinogen measurement is not available.

Abstract:With regard to the different theories about the legal nature of “operation contract”, each had its own features,pros and cons. Operation contract was the prerequisite for surgical treatment, the essence of which was a legal sesurity assuring the independent deciding right of the patient, and was a proof proving discharging the obligation of the doctor, rather than a mean by which the hospital used to transport its risks or obligation. The operation contract which meet certain conditons had some leagal effect. Therefore,it was necessary to perfect the application norms of the operation contract.

Abstract:As people continued to enhance their legal awareness,more and more people turned to litigation for settlement of doctor-patient disputes. Releases of Regulations on the Disposition of Medical Accidents and Interim Measures for Technical Identification of Medical Accidents provided relevant legal basis for cases about doctor-patient disputes. These regulations had been introduced for a considerable period of time, during which some legal problems and difficulties had appeared. So the author suggested that through adoption of various countermeasures in regulation development, judicial practice and judicial personnel training, we should provide necessary conditions for trial of cases about doctor-patient disputes.

Abstract:By analyzing the result of some questionnaires, the article discussed the evaluation of the judicial departments about appraisal conclusion of medical malpractice and the status and role in civil proceedings. The author suggested that the relation between medical malpractice identification and forensic identification should be understood correctly and make good use of medical malpractice identification to help judging of civil proceedings.

Abstract:Amendment Ⅵ to the Criminal Code of the People’s Republic of China established a crime called cheating on loans. It helped to offer a legislative basis for cracking down on abusing loans. The crime prescribed the purpose of loans and means of loans rather than the purpose of loans only. The change definitely affected our judicial practice. The key to use this legislative mode was understanding three different crimes (cheating on loans, transfer loans in high interest, swindling loans ) and their relationships.

Abstract:The article conducted an evidence-based analysis on the accessibility and utilization of medical service and the medical expenses of Nanjing residents. It pointed out that the accessibility of medical service was very good in Nanjing, unreasonable patients flow was the main cause of overly expensive medical service. Authors recommended to guiding the residents to make use of medical service reasonably, establishing whole population coverage social security system and raising the government input, in order to insure the essential medical service for Nanjing residents.

Abstract:Objective: Analyze the features of health services utilization in different groups of medical care assurance, in order to provide evidence for decision-making to improve the medical insurance system. Methods: Using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method, the 4 873 Nanjing residents inquired. Results: The existing medical security system played a significant role of the residents in the residential services utilization, but the affect was not obvious on use of out-鄄patient services. As the guide of residents to medica treatment, the performance of city basic medical insurance was less important than new-type rural cooperative medical system. Conclusion: Government should speed up the establishment of universal coverage of medical security system, perfect the basic medical insurance system and the new rural cooperative medical system, strengthen community health services building, and also raise the equity of health services and the level of the health of the residents.

Abstract:Objective: To identify the construction and characteristics of methadone maintenance treatment(MMT) patients who were double threatened by AIDS and social discrimination,and discuss the relationship between retention and their social network. Methods: Using SPSS and qualitative study to analyze, 277 subjects were recruited by convenience sampling and combined structured interview to conduct a social epidemiological survey. Results: The population were largely prejudiced, their social contact and social network limited to non-normal social groups such as family members and several friends owing to less interaction with society and being labeled with drug abuser. Normal social support network had not play a key role in their treatments,retention and social assistance. Conclusion: The characteristics of MMT patients would influence the effect of treatment. The authors advanced that reinforce interaction between this population with normal social network would be significant for their family and social function improvement.

Abstract:Many problems and conflicts existed in the actual mechanism of medical security. The article analyzed the phenomena of both market failure and government failure existing in the mechanism of medical security through public choice theory, insured the market and government in position, and hoped to optimize the mechanism of medical security.

Abstract:The reason why Chinese ancient science and technology hadn’t developed into modern science was that the self-sufficient economy hampered the development of merchandise economy and caused the lack of motivation of science and technology development. The centralization political system, the policy focusing on agriculture instead of business and the trend of officer’s basis also hampered the progress of modern science. The Chinese traditional way of cognize had got comparable brilliancy in earlier period which the science was not very complicate. But the modern science became more and more complicate so that the original mode of thinking would not keep up with the development of science.

Abstract:Objective:To study the effect of diabetes education organized by hospitals on patients’self managing efficiency and the influencing factors of it. Methods: 124 cases of type 2 diabetes outpatients were divided into two groups: educated group(EG)and non educated group(NEG). Age,sex, educational status, self managing efficiency, knowledge of diabetes and rate of being in hospital for diabetes were investigated respectively during Jan 2005 and Jan 2008. Results: There were no difference of age,sex and educational status between two groups. After education level of all the parameters were advanced in EG,but only level of exercise and knowledge of diabetes were increased in NEG. Meanwhile,the ameliorated degree of every index were associated with patients’educational status. Conclusion: Diabetes education organized by hospitals could increase the level of diabetes knowledge,advance the ability of diabetes patients’self management,and decrease the rate of being in hospital for diabetes finally. The profitability of education was correlated with patients’educational status.

Abstract:The integration of production,education and research had been again mentioned to an important position on the reform of Chinese socialist modernization and construction. Summing up the history and actuality the article analized the status, role and main problems of the integration of production,education and research in the field of higher medical education, and also advanced the measure of combination such as constructing an effective operational mechanism, giving full play to the functions of the government, innovating the model of unity and establishing evaluation system.

Abstract:With the rapid development of graduate education in our country some new situations and problems arised in its management. Based on the reality of the present management of graduate education, guided by the scientific outlook on development, following the basic idea of unity of oppositeness and harmonious development, the article came up with five concepts including popularized training of elites under mass higher education, innovation of tradition in the modern context, brands-鄄building in the global trend, interactive and win-鄄win situation in the socialized tendency and management of crisis in the marginalized conflicts. The new concepts were expected to make an instructive grope for the management of the present graduate education.

Abstract:Being affected by various factors such as historical and social background, family and school education and distemperedness of character, some undergraduates were in defect of creditability. In order to build the honesty and faithfulness among the college students, this article suggested four effective approaches which involved courses teaching, circumstance building, society-related practicing and system strengthening.

Abstract:The article discussed the important function of medical history in humanistic education in medical university. From the investigation it showed the need of medical education, and from the analysis of the situation in medical education overseas and internal, still combining the investigation, pointed out the defect and the promotion of the medical history, in order to make more important function in humanistic education.

Abstract:Objective: To learn the characteristics of the knowledge, attitute and practice(KAP)for the selective courses between the students majored in medicine and engineer. Methods: A questionairre was used to investigate the KAP for the selective courses. Results: All the students thought the selective courses were very important.Most of students considered them helpful to open their minds, train their quality, increase the living significance, supply the knowledge of the subjects. And most of them went for lessons. They were interested in the lessons and suggested the examination opened. More students in engineering college suggested advanced subjects and less lesson, while the students in medical college took more notes. Conclusion: The inspirations for medical and new knowledge were more to the students of engineering college and they excepted less lesson, while the students in medical college were familiar to the mode of listening lessons and taking notes.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the method of isolation,cultivation and identification of adult rats pancreatic duct stem cells in vitro. Methods:The pancreas of adult rats were digested by injecting collagenase V solution and purified by removing the islets with Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. The islet-depleted tissue was cultured in RPMI1640 with 10% fetal calf serum,and the medium was supplemented with EGF and bFGF for 7 days,then the cells could form a monolayer. 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA were used to detach the cells, which were serial-subcultivation. Cells from the second passage(P2) were used to detect the expression of CK19,Pdx-1,Nestin,insulin and glucagon with methods of immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR. Results:Through collagenase solution injecting and digesting the pancreatic duct,and depleting the islet tissue after Ficoll density gradient centrifugation,the pancreatic duct cells could get a better purification. The results of immunofluorescence staining revealed that the expression of CK19,Pdx-1 and Nestin of P2 cells were positive, and the rate of positive cells were(88.6 ± 6.2)%,(84.6 ± 8.6)% and (79.3 ± 10.5)%,respectively,while insulin and glucagon staining were negative. The results of RT-PCR demomstrated that the cells also expressed CK19,Pdx-1 and Nestin. Conclusion:This method can isolate the pancreatic duct cells well,and the cells obtained have the character of stem cells through identification.

Abstract:Objective: To study the effect of head-simulators teaching system at College of Stomatology of Nanjing Medical University. Methods: Students of Classes 2001 and 2002 were investigated by questionares and clinical examinations throughout head-simulator training. Results: The results had showed that head-simulator teaching system raised the activity of students,consolidated their basic knowledge,developed their clinical thinking ability,and provided them some pre-clinical operational skills. Conclusion: Head-simulators training is one necessary tool for students during their pre-clinical training.

Abstract:Objective:To study the effects of maternal malnutrition on the development and function of fetal pancreas. Methods:The newborn rat model with intrauterine growth retardation was established by maternal nutrition restriction(50% calorie restriction of the normal) during the 11th to 21st days of pregnancy. The growth and development status of the newborns,glucose tolerance test and immunohistochemistry analysis were investigated to evaluate the development and function of fetal pancreas. Results:Body,pancreas weight and the ratio of pancreas to body weight of newborns in IUGR group were much lower than those in normal group(P < 0.001). The fasting glucose and insulin levels of IUGR newborns were both lower than those of normal ones,whereas glucose levels at 120 min and 180 min after glucose challenge were significantly higher in IUGR group[(18.95 ± 2.63)mmol/L vs(16.92 ± 1.30)mmol/L;(18.29 ± 2.58)mmol/L vs (15.87 ± 2.08)mmol/L,P < 0.05]. In addition,areas of insulin-expression positive cells[(M=1 530.98 μm2,QU-L=2 961.98 μm2)vs(M=3 146.24 μm2,QU-L=4 633.73 μm2)] and positive rate of cells staining with insulin[(M=2.03%,QU-L=2.67%)vs(M=5.44%,QU-L=4.34%)] were also less than normal newborns(P < 0.01). Conclusion:Maternal malnutrition would lead to impaired pancreatic development and decreased islet area in newborn rats,as well as dysfunction of glucose regulatory capacity.

Abstract:The picture archiving and communication system(PACS)was produced from digital imaging technique combining with modern communication and computer techniques,which provided an advanced technique in clinic work as well as medical imaging teaching. The value of PACS in teaching and learning of medical imaging was discussed here.

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｐｒｏｂｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ Ｆｌｕｖａｓｔａｔｉｎ（ａ ｋｉｎｄ ｏｆ ＨＣＲＩ） ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＩＬ-６ ｂｙ ｋｉｄｎｅｙ ｏｆ ｍｉｃｅ ｓｕｆｆｅｒｉｎｇ ｆｒｏｍ ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓ ｍｅｌｌｉｔｕｓ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｍｉｃｅ ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓ ｍｅｌｌｉｔｕｓ ｕｓｉｎｇ Ｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｚｏｔｏｃｉｎ（ＳＴＺ） ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｔｒｉａｌ． Ｔｈｅ ｍｉｃｅ ｗｅｒｅ ａｂｄｏｍｉｎａｌｌｙ ｉｎｊｅｃｔｅｄ ＳＴＺ ６０ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ） ｆｏｒ ６～７ ｄａｙｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｍｉｃｅ ｔｈａｔ ｈａｄ ａ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｓｕｇａｒ ≥１１．２ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ｓｉｘ ｄａｙｓ ｌａｔｅｒ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｄ ｉｎ ｅｎｓｕｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｄ ｍｉｃｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｒａｎｄｏｍｉｚｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ５ Ｆｌｕｖａｓｔａｔｉｎ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ（ｎ ＝ １０ ｆｏｒ ｅａｃｈ ｇｒｏｕｐ），ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓｌｙ ｕｎｄｅｒｇｏｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｔｒｉａｌ ｆｏｒ ｏｎｅ，ｔｗｏ ａｎｄ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｍｏｎｔｈｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｍｉｃｅ ｔｈａｔ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ｏｎｅ ｍｏｎｔｈ ｔｒｉａｌ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｕｂｄｉｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｉｎｇ Ｆｌｕｖａｓｔａｔｉｎ ｗｉｔｈ ｌｏｗ ｄｏｓａｇｅ［５ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）］，ｍｅｄｉｕｍ ｄｏｓａｇｅ［２５ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）］ ａｎｄ ｈｉｇｈ ｄｏｓａｇｅ［１２５ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）］，ａｎｄ ｍｉｃｅ ｔｈａｔ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ｔｗｏ ａｎｄ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｍｏｎｔｈｓ ｔｒｉａｌ ｍｅｒｅｌｙ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ ｍｅｄｉｕｍ ｄｏｓａｇｅ． Ｔｈｒｅｅ ｎｏｎ-ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ（ｎ ＝ １０ ｆｏｒ ｅａｃｈ ｇｒｏｕｐ） ａｎｄ ３ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ（ｎ ＝ ８ ｆｏｒ ｅａｃｈ ｇｒｏｕｐ） ｗｅｒｅ ａｌｓｏ ｉｎｓｔａｌｌｅｄ． Ｔｈｅ ｍｉｃｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｓａｃｒｉｆｉｃｅｄ ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｅｎｄ ｏｆ ｆｉｒｓｔ，ｓｅｃｏｎｄ ａｎｄ ｔｈｉｒｄ ｍｏｎｔｈ ａｆｔｅｒ ｈａｖｉｎｇ ｂｅｅｎ ｃｏｌｌｅｃｔｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｕｒｉｎｅ ｓａｍｐｌｅｓ ａｎｄ ｔｅｓｔｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｓｕｇａｒ． Ｍｏｕｓｅ ｂｏｄｙ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ，ｗｅｉｇｈｔ ｏｆ ｏｎｅ ｋｉｄｎｅｙ，ｂｌｏｏｄ ｓａｍｐｌｅ ａｎｄ ｒｅｎａｌ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｒｅｃｏｒｄｅｄ ｏｒ ｓｔｏｒｅｄ． Ｔｈｅ ｍｏｕｓｅ ｓｅｒａ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｅｓｔｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｃｈｏｌｅｓｔｅｒｏｌ，ｔｒｉｇｌｙｃｅｒｉｄｅ，ｕｒｅａ ｎｉｔｒｏｇｅｎ，ａｎｄ ｍｏｕｓｅ ｕｒｉｎｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｅｓｔｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｒａｔｉｏ ｏｆ ｕｒｉｎａｒｙ ａｌｂｕｍｉｎ ｖｅｒｓｕｓ ｃｒｅａｔｉｎｉｎｅ． ＥＬＩＳＡ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｄｅｔｅｃｔ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ＩＬ-６ ｉｎ ｒｅｎａｌ ｃｏｒｔｅｘ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｍｉｃｅ ｉｎ ｎｏｎ-ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ，ｍｉｃｅ ｔｈａｔ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ ｍｅｄｉｕｍ-ｄｏｓａｇｅ ｏｆ Ｆｌｕｖａｓｔａｔｉｎ ｆｏｒ ｔｗｏ ｏｒ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｍｏｎｔｈｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｌｏｗｅｒｅｄ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｒａｔｉｏ ｏｆ ｕｒｉｎａｒｙ ａｌｂｕｍｉｎ ｖｅｒｓｕｓ ｃｒｅａｔｉｎｉｎｅ，ｂｌｏｏｄ ｕｒｅａ ｎｉｔｒｏｇｅｎ， ｒａｔｉｏ ｏｆ ｋｉｄｎｅｙ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ ｖｅｒｓｕｓ ｂｏｄｙ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ（Ｐ ﹤ ０．０５） ａｎｄ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ＩＬ-６（Ｐ﹤０．０５），ｗｈｉｌｅ ｃｈｏｌｅｓｔｅｒｏｌ ａｎｄ ｔｒｉｇｌｙｃｅｒｉｄｅ ｉｎ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｃｅ ｒｅｍａｉｎｅｄ ｕｎｃｈａｎｇｅｄ（Ｐ ＞ ０．０５）． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｆｌｕｖａｓｔａｔｉｎ ｗａｓ ａｂｌｅ ｔｏ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＩＬ-６ ｉｎ ｋｉｄｎｅｙ ｏｆ ｍｉｃｅ ｓｕｆｆｅｒｉｎｇ ｆｒｏｍ ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓ ｍｅｌｌｉｔｕｓ ａｎｄ ｒｅｄｕｃｅ ｕｒｉｎａｒｙ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ． Ｍｅａｎｗｈｉｌｅ，Ｆｌｕｖａｓｔａｔｉｎ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｐｒｏｔｅｃｔ ｋｉｄｎｅｙ ｗｉｔｈ ａ ｔｉｍｅ-ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔ ｔｒｅｎｄ ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ ｄｅｐｅｎｄｉｎｇ ｏｎ ｄｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｃｈｏｌｅｓｔｅｒｏｌ ｌｅｖｅｌ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｃｌａｒｉｆｙ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｖｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ ｕｒｓｏｄｅｏｘｙｃｈｏｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（ＵＤＣＡ） ｏｎ ａｎｔｉｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ａｎｔｉａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ β-ｃｅｌｌｓ ｉｎ ＳＴＺ-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｒａｔｓ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｒａｔｓ（ｎ ＝ ４０） ｗｅｒｅ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ ａ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ｉｎｊｅｃｔｉｏｎ ＳＴＺ（５０ ｍｇ／ｋｇ） ｉｎｔｒａｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌｌｙ ｔｏ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅ ａ β-ｃｅｌｌ ｉｎｊｕｒｙ ｍｏｄｅｌ． Ｗｅｉｇｈｔ-ｍａｔｃｈｅｄ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｒａｔｓ（ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ｎ ＝ １０） ｗｅｒｅ ｉｎｊｅｃｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｂｕｆｆｅｒ ａｌｏｎｅ． ＳＴＺ-ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｒａｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｐｅｒｓｉｓｔｅｎｔ ｒａｎｄｏｍ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｇｌｕｃｏｓｅ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ １６．７ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ｆｏｒ １ ｗｅｅｋ ｗｅｒｅ ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄ ａｓ ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ（ｎ ＝ １４），ｔｈｅｎ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｉｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｔｗｏ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ：ＳＴＺ-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓ ｇｒｏｕｐ（ｎ ＝ ７） ａｎｄ ＵＤＣＡ-ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓ ｇｒｏｕｐ（ｎ ＝ ７）． ＵＤＣＡ（４０ ｍｇ／ｋｇ） ｗａｓ ａｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｅｒｅｄ ｄａｉｌｙ ｂｙ ｉｎｔｒａｇａｓｔｒｉｃ ｉｎｔｕｂａｔｉｏｎｓ ｄｕｒｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌ ｐｅｒｉｏｄ（３０ ｄａｙｓ）． Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ＳＴＺ-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ ＵＤＣＡ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｗｅｒｅ ｇｉｖｅｎ ａｎ ｅｑｕｉｖａｌｅｎｔ ａｍｏｕｎｔ ｏｆ ０．９％ ＮａＣｌ ｉｎｔｒａｇａｓｔｒｉｃａｌｌｙ． Ｄｕｒｉｎｇ ａｌｌ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓ ｐｅｒｉｏｄ，ｂｌｏｏｄ ｇｌｕｃｏｓｅ ａｎｄ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ ｏｆ ａｌｌ ｒａｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｓｓｅｓｓｅｄ． Ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ３０-ｄａｙｓ ＵＤＣＡ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，ａｌｌ ｒａｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｎａｅｓｔｈｅｔｉｚｅｄ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｎ ｋｉｌｌｅｄ ｔｏ ｒｅｍｏｖｅ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｓ ａｎｄ ｃｏｌｌｅｃｔ ｔｈｅ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｓａｍｐｌｅ． Ｔｈｅ ｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ ｏｆ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ β-ｃｅｌｌｓ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄ ｂｙ ｌｉｇｈｔ ｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ ａｎｄ ＴＵＮＥＬ ａｓｓａｙ． Ｓｅｒｕｍ ｎｉｔｒｉｃ ｏｘｉｄｅ（ＮＯ）， ｍａｔｏｎｄｉａｌｄｅｈｙｄｅ（ＭＤＡ） ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｓｕｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ ｄｉｓｍｕｔａｓｅ（ＳＯＤ） ｌｅｖｅｌ ｉｎ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｇｌｕｃｏｓｅ ｉｎ ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｒａｔｓ ｗａｓ ｇｒａｄｕａｌｌｙ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ａｆｔｅｒ ｔｈｅ ＵＤＣＡ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，ｗｈｉｌｅ ｓｔｉｌｌ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｅ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｅｎｄ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔ． Ｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔａｇｅ ｏｆ β-ｃｅｌｌ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ＵＤＣＡ-ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗａｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｏｆ ＳＴＺ-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）． Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｓｅｒｕｍ ＮＯ ａｎｄ ＭＤＡ ｗａｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｅｌｅｖａｔｅｄ ｉｎ ＳＴＺ-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｒａｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ＳＯＤ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｉｎ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｓ，ｗｈｅｒｅａｓ ｔｈｅｓｅ ｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓ ｂｅｃａｍｅ ｃｌｏｓｅ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ａｆｔｅｒ ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ＵＤＣＡ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：ＵＤＣＡ ｃｏｕｌｄ ａｃｔ ａｓ ａｎ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ ａｎｔｉｏｘｉｄａｎｔ ａｇｅｎｔ ａｎｄ ｐｒｏｔｅｃｔ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ β-ｃｅｌｌ ｆｒｏｍ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｉｎ ＳＴＺ-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓ． Ｉｔ ｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ＵＤＣＡ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｈａｖｅ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓ ｉｎ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｓ ｄｙｓｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｅｘｐｌｏｒｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ＰＡＲＰ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒ（３-Ａｍｉｎｏｂｅｎｚａｍｉｄｅ） ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｉｓｌｅｔ ｃｅｌｌ ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｂｙ ｐａｌｍｉｔｉｃ ａｃｉｄ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｔｈｅ ＲＩＮ-ｍ５Ｆ ｃｅｌｌ ｌｉｎｅ ｗａｓ ｒｏｕｔｉｎｅｌｙ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｄ，ａｎｄ ＭＴＴ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｗａｓ ｅｍｐｌｏｙｅｄ ｔｏ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ＲＩＮ-ｍ５Ｆ ｃｅｌｌ ｌｉｎｅ． Ｍｏｒｅｏｖｅｒ，Ｆｌｏｗ ｃｙｔｏｍｅｔｒｙ ａｎｄ ＴＵＮＥＬ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｗｅｒｅ ｅｎｒｏｌｌｅｄ ｔｏ ａｎａｌｙｚｅ ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ＲＩＮ-ｍ５Ｆ ｃｅｌｌ ｌｉｎｅ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｐａｌｍｉｔｉｃ ａｃｉｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ＲＩＮ-ｍ５Ｆ ｃｅｌｌ ｌｉｎｅ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）．Ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ＲＩＮ-ｍ５Ｆ ｃｅｌｌ ｌｉｎｅ ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ３-Ａｍｉｎｏｂｅｎｚａｍｉｄｅ ａｎｄ ｐａｌｍｉｔｉｃ ａｃｉｄ ｗｅｒｅ ｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｌｙ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｐａｌｍｉｔｉｃ ａｃｉｄ ａｌｏｎｅ ａｆｔｅｒ ２４ ｈ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１），ｂｕｔ ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｗａｓ ｍｏｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｅｎｈａｎｃｅｄ ｗｈｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ３-Ａｍｉｎｏｂｅｎｚａｍｉｄｅ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｌｏｗｅｒ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ３-Ａｍｉｎｏｂｅｎｚａｍｉｄｅ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ＲＩＮ-ｍ５Ｆ ｃｅｌｌ ｌｉｎｅ ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｂｙ ｐａｌｍｉｔｉｃ ａｃｉｄ，ｂｕｔ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ３-Ａｍｉｎｏｂｅｎｚａｍｉｄｅ ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｉｖｅｌｙ ｅｎｈａｎｃｅｄ ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｔｉｃ ｒａｔｅ． Ｉｔ ｗａｓ ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ３-Ａｍｉｎｏｂｅｎｚａｍｉｄｅ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｈａｖｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ａｎｄ ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｉｎ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｉｓｌｅｔ ｃｅｌｌ ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｂｙ ｐａｌｍｉｔｉｃ ａｃｉｄ ａｎｄ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｓｅｒｖｅｄ ａｓ ａ ｎｏｖｅｌ ｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃ ｔａｒｇｅｔ ｆｏｒ ｔｙｐｅ ２ ｄｉａｂｅｔｅｓ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ １３（ＩＬ-１３） ｇｅｎｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｉｎ Ｔ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｄｕｅ ｔｏ ＣＤ３／ＣＤ２８ ｃｏ-ｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ ａｒｓｅｎｉｃ ｔｒｉｏｘｉｄｅ（ＡＴ） ｏｎ ＩＬ-１３ ｇｅｎｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｈｕｔ-７８ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ＣＤ３／ＣＤ２８ ｍｏｎｏｃｌｏｎａｌ ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｉｅｓ（１０ μｇ／ｍｌ ａｎｄ ５ μｇ／ｍｌ，ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ）． ＩＬ-１３ ｍＲＮＡ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｉｎ Ｈｕｔ-７８ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｗａｓ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ ｉｎ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｏｒ ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ ＡＴ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｔｈｅ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ＩＬ-１３ ｍＲＮＡ ｗａｓ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｉｎ Ｈｕｔ-７８ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｄｕｅ ｔｏ ＣＤ３／ＣＤ２８ ｃｏ-ｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ，ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ ＡＴ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｇｅｎｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＩＬ-１３． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：ＡＴ ｗｏｕｌｄ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔ ｔｈｅ ｇｅｎｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＩＬ-１３ ｉｎ ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ Ｔ ｃｅｌｌｓ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｂｅ ｏｎｅ ｏｆ ｉｔｓ ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｓ ｒｅｄｕｃｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｉｎｆｌａｍｍａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ａｎｉｍａｌ ｍｏｄｅｌｓ．

Abstract:Objective：Ｔｏ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ ｐｅｒｏｘｉｓｏｍｅ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｏｒ-ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ ｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ γ ａｇｏｎｉｓｔ（ｐｉｏｇｌｉｔａｚｏｎｅ） ｏｎ ｌｅｐｔｉｎ-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒ ｓｍｏｏｔｈ ｍｕｓｃｌｅ ｃｅｌｌｓ（ＶＳＭＣｓ）． Methods：Ｂｙ ｕｓｉｎｇ ｐｒｉｍａｒｙ ｃｅｌｌ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ ａｎｄ ＭＴＴ ｃｏｌｏｒｉｍｅｔｒｙ，ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ｌｅｐｔｉｎ ａｎｄ ｐｅｒｏｘｉｓｏｍｅ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｏｒ-ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ ｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ γ ａｇｏｎｉｓｔ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｅｄ ａｔ ｖａｒｉｏｕｓ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｎ ＶＳＭＣｓ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ． Results：Ｌｅｐｔｉｎ ｃａｎ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｐｒｏｍｏｔｅ ＶＳＭＣｓ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ａ ｄｏｓｅ-ａｎｄ ｔｉｍｅ-ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔ ｍａｎｎｅｒ，ｗｈｏｓｅ ｍａｘｉｍｕｍ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ａｐｐｅａｒｓ ａｔ １００ ｎｇ／ｍｌ ａｎｄ ７２ ｈｏｕｒｓ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）． Ｉｎ ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｍ，ｐｉｏｇｌｉｔａｚｏｎｅ ｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓｅｄ ｌｅｐｔｉｎ-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ＶＳＭＣｓ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ，ｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙ ａｔ １００ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ．（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）． Conclusion：Ｌｅｐｔｉｎ ｃａｎ ｉｎｄｕｃｅ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＶＳＭＣｓ，ａｎｄ ｐｉｏｇｌｉｔａｚｏｎｅ ｃａｎ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔ ｔｈｉｓ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ． Ｐｉｏｇｌｉｔａｚｏｎｅ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｂｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｔｒｅａｔ ａｔｈｅｒｏｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍ ｓｈｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈａｔ ｐｉｏｇｌｉｔａｚｏｎｅ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｒｅｌｉｅｖｅ ｔｈｅ ｌｅｐｔｉｎ ｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ Ｉｐｔａｋａｌｉｍ，ａ ｎｏｖｅｌ ＡＴＰ-ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｐｏｔａｓｓｉｕｍ ｃｈａｎｎｅｌ ｏｐｅｎｅｒ（ＫＡＴＰＣＯ），ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＡＴＰ-ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｐｏｔａｓｓｉｕｍ ｃｈａｎｎｅｌ（ＫＡＴＰ） ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｉｎ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｄ ｈｕｍａｎ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ ａｒｔｅｒｙ ｓｍｏｏｔｈ ｍｕｓｃｌｅ ｃｅｌｌｓ（ＨＰＡＳＭＣｓ） ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｂｙ ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ-１（ＥＴ-１）． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｂｙ Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ- ｂｌｏｔ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ，ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｂｏｔｈ ＳＵＲ２Ｂ ａｎｄ Ｋｉｒ６．１，ｓｕｂｕｎｉｔｓ ｏｆ ＫＡＴＰ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ，ｗａｓ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｅｄ ｉｎ ｐｒｉｍａｒｙ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｄ ＨＰＡＳＭＣｓ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｗｅｒｅ ｒａｎｄｏｍｌｙ ｄｉｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ＥＴ-１ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ＥＴ-１＋ Ｉｐｔａｋａｌｉｍ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ＥＴ-１＋ Ｐｉｎａｃｉｄｉｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ＥＴ-１＋ Ｉｐｔａｋａｌｉｍ＋ Ｇｌｉｂｅｎｃｌａｍｉｄｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ＥＴ-１＋ Ｐｉｎａｃｉｄｉｌ＋ Ｇｌｉｂｅｎｃｌａｍｉｄｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ＥＴ-１，Ｉｐｔａｋａｌｉｍ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｕｐｒｅｇｕｌａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ＳＵＲ２Ｂ ｓｕｂｕｎｉｔ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｅｄ ｂｙ Ｇｌｉｂｅｎｃｌａｍｉｄｅ，ａ ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒ ＡＴＰ-ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｐｏｔａｓｓｉｕｍ ｃｈａｎｎｅｌ ｂｌｏｃｋｅｒ． Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗａｓ ｎｏ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ｉｎ Ｋｉｒ６．１ ｓｕｂｕｎｉｔ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｉｎ ｅａｃｈ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｉｐｔａｋａｌｉｍ，ａ ｎｅｗ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ｃａｎｄｉｄａｔｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ（ＨＰＨ），ｃｏｕｌｄ ｐｌａｙ ａｎ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ ｒｏｌｅ ｂｙ ｕｐｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＳＵＲ２Ｂ ｓｕｂｕｎｉｔ．

Abstract:Objective：Ｔｏ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＡＴＰ-ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｐｏｔａｓｓｉｕｍ ｃｈａｎｎｅｌｓ（ＫＡＴＰ） ｏｆ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ ａｒｔｅｒｙ ｉｎ ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃ ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ ａｒｔｅｒｙ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ（ＣＨＰＡＨ） ｒａｔｓ ａｎｄ ｉｎ ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃ ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃ ｒａｔｓ ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ＫＡＴＰ ｏｐｅｎｅｒ Ｐｉｎａｃｉｄｉｌ ａｎｄ Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｔｈｉｒｔｙ-ｆｉｖｅ Ｓｐｒａｇｕｅ-Ｄａｗｌｅｙ（ＳＤ） ｍａｌｅ ｒａｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｒａｎｄｏｍｌｙ ｄｉｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｆｉｖｅ ｅｑｕａｌ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ：ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ，Ｐｉｎａｃｉｄｉｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ［２．０ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），ｉｇ］，Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ［１．５ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），ｉｇ］ ａｎｄ ５-ＨＤ＋Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ［５-ＨＤ ３．０ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），ｉｇ，Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ １．５ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），ｉｇ］． Ｅｘｃｅｐｔ ｔｈｅ ｆｉｒｓｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ，ｔｈｅ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｆｏｕｒ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｐｕｔ ｉｎｔｏ ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃ ａｎｄ ｎｏｒｍｏｂａｒｉｃ ｃｈａｍｂｅｒ［Ｏ２（１０．０ ± ０．５）％］ ｔｏ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈ ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃ ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃ ｍｏｄｅｌ． Ｆｏｕｒ ｗｅｅｋｓ ｌａｔｅｒ，ｔｈｅ ｍｅａｎ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ ａｒｔｅｒｉａｌ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ（ｍＰＡＰ） ｗａｓ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ． Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ-ｂｌｏｔ ｗａｓ ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｔｏ ａｎａｌｙｚｅ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ＫＡＴＰ ｃｈａｎｎｅｌｓ ｉｎ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ ｍａｉｎ ａｒｔｅｒｙ ｓｍｏｏｔｈ ｍｕｓｃｌｅｓ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：①Ｔｈｅ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ｍＰＡＰ ｗａｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｉｎ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）． Ｐｉｎａｃｉｄｉｌ ２．０ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ） ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ｍＰＡＰ（ｍｍＨｇ） ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ． Ｗｈｉｌｅ Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ １．５ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ） ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ｍＰＡＰ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ． Ｔｈｅ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ｍＰＡＰ ｗａｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ５-ＨＤ＋Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｉｎ Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ １．５ ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ） ｇｒｏｕｐ． ②Ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｏｆ ＳＵＲ２Ｂ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ａｎｄ ｔｈｉｓ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅ ｗａｓ ｐａｒｔｌｙ ｒｅｖｅｒｓｅｄ ｂｙ Ｐｉｎａｃｉｄｉｌ． Ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｏｆ ＳＵＲ２Ｂ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｏｆ ＳＵＲ２Ｂ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ５-ＨＤ＋Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ａｎｄ ｎｏ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ｉｎ Ｋｉｒ ６．１ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｗａｓ ｆｏｕｎｄ ａｍｏｎｇ ｆｉｖｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：ＫＡＴＰ ｃｈａｎｎｅｌ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｗａｓ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃ ｈｙｐｏｘｉａ，ａｎｄ ｔｈｉｓ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｉｏｎ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｕｐ-ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｅｄ ｂｙ Ｐｉｎａｃｉｄｉｌ． Ｐｉｎａｃｉｄｉｌ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｐａｒｔｌｙ ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＨＰＨ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒ ｒｅｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇ；Ｄｉａｚｏｘｉｄｅ ｃｏｕｌｄ ａｇｇｒａｖａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ｍＰＡＰ ａｎｄ ｄｏｗｎ-ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＫＡＴＰ ｃｈａｎｎｅｌ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｌｅ ｏｆ ＳＣＦ（ｓｔｅｍ ｃｅｌｌ ｆａｃｔｏｒ）／ｃ-ｋｉｔ ｐａｔｈｗａｙ ｉｎ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｒｅｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｇｌｕｃｏｃｏｒｔｉｃｏｉｄｓ ｏｎ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｒｅｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｉｔｓ ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｓ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｔｈｉｒｔｙ ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ ｍｉｃｅ ａｒｅ ｅｖｅｎｌｙ ｄｉｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ａｔ ｒａｎｄｏｍ． Ｔｈｅｙ ａｒｅ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ｔｈｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｏｆ ａｓｔｈｍａ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｒｅｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｏｆ ｂｕｄｅｓｏｎｉｄｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ． Ａｌｌ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｃｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｚｅｄ ａｎｄ ｃｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｏｖａｌｂｕｍｉｎ ｔｏ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈ ｔｈｅ ａｓｔｈｍａｔｉｃ ｍｏｄｅｌ． Ｔｈｅ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｉｎｆｌａｍｍａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ａｌｔｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ ｂｙ ｔｈｅ ｍｅａｎｓ ｏｆ ｈｅｍａｔｏｘｙｌｉｎ ａｎｄ ｅｏｓｉｎ ｓｔａｉｎｉｎｇ． Ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｙｌａｔｅｄ ｃ-ｋｉｔ ｗａｓ ｅｘａｍｉｎｅｄ ｂｙ ｉｍｍｕｎｏｐｒｅｃｉｐｉｔａｔｉｏｎ／Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｉｔ ｉｓ ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｃｒａｓｓａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｓｕｂｍｕｃｏｓａ ａｎｄ ｓｍｏｏｔｈ ｍｕｓｃｌｅ，ａｉｒｗａｙ ｓｔｅｎｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｍａｓｓ ｉｎｆｌａｍｍａｔｏｒｙ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｉｎｆｉｌｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄ ｍｏｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ａｓｔｈｍａｔｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ａｓ ｆａｒ ａｓ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗａｓ ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｅｄ，ｔｈｅ ａｂｏｖｅ-ｍｅｎｔｉｏｎｅｄ ｓｙｍｐｔｏｍｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｌｉｇｈｔｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ａｓｔｈｍａｔｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｆ ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｙｌａｔｅｄ ｃ-ｋｉｔ ｉｎ ａｓｔｈｍａｔｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗａｓ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１），ｗｈｉｌｅ ｉｔ ｉｓ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｙｌａｔｅｄ ｃ-ｋｉｔ ｉｎ ａｓｔｈｍａｔｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｂｅ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ａｎｄ ｂｕｄｅｓｏｎｉｄｅ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔ ｔｈｅ ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｙｌａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｃ-ｋｉｔ ｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，ｔｈｕｓ ｒｅｌｉｅｖｅ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｉｎｆｌａｍｍａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｒｅｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ ｏｆ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｓｅｎｓｏｒｙ ｎｅｒｖｅ ａｎｄ ｎｅｕｒｏｅｎｄｏｃｒｉｎｅ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｌｕｎｇｓ ｏｆ ａｓｔｈｍａｔｉｃ ｒａｔｓ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｔｗｅｎｔｙ Ｗｉｓｔａｒ ｒａｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｉｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ａｓｔｈｍａ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｉｍｍｕｎｏｈｉｓｔｏｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ ａｎｄ ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ ｉｍａｇｅ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｃａｌｃｉｔｏｎｉｎ ｇｅｎｅ-ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ（ＣＧＲＰ） ａｎｄ ｖａｓｏａｃｔｉｖｅ ｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌ ｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ（ＶＩＰ） ｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅ（ＩＲ）ｎｅｒｖｅ ｆｉｂｅｒｓ，ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｇｅｎｅ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ ９．５（ＰＧＰ９．５）ａｎｄ Ｓｙｎａｐｔｏｐｈｙｓｉｎ（ＳＹＮ）ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｓｔｕｄｙ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：①Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ ｉｎ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ ｏｆ ＣＧＲＰ-ＩＲ ａｎｄ ＶＩＰ-ＩＲ ｎｅｒｖｅ ｆｉｂｅｒｓ ｉｎ ａｉｒｗａｙｓ ｏｆ ａｓｔｈｍａ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｔｈｅ ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｓｔａｉｎｉｎｇ ａｒｅａｓ ａｎｄ ｇｒｅｙ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｏｆ ＣＧＲＰ-ＩＲ ｎｅｒｖｅ ｆｉｂｅｒｓ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｉｎ ａｓｔｈｍａ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）． Ｂｕｔ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｓｔａｉｎｉｎｇ ａｒｅａｓ ａｎｄ ｇｒｅｙ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｏｆ ＶＩＰ-ＩＲ ｎｅｒｖｅ ｆｉｂｅｒｓ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｉｎ ａｓｔｈｍａ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５ ｏｒ Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）．②Ｔｈｅ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｃｅｌｌｓ ａｎｄ ｍｅａｎ ｏｐｔｉｃａｌ ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ（ＭＯＤ） ｏｆ ＰＧＰ９．５ ａｎｄ ＳＹＮ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｉｎ ａｓｔｈｍａ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）． Ｃｏｎｃｏｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｔｈｅ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｓｅｎｓｏｒｙ ｎｅｒｖｅ ａｎｄ ｎｅｕｒｏｅｎｄｏｃｒｉｎｅ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｂｎｏｒｍａｌ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｌｕｎｇｓ ｏｆ ａｓｔｈｍａｔｉｃ ｒａｔｓ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｉｍｍｅｄｉａｔｌｙ ｃａｕｓｅ ｔｈｅ ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ ｏｆ ｎｅｕｒｏｐｅｐｔｉｄｅｓ． Ｔｈｅ ａｄｊｕｓｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｎｅｕｒｏｅｎｄｏｃｒｉｎｅ ｗａｓ ｕｎｂａｌａｎｃｅｄ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｐｒｏｍｏｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｓｉｓｔｅｎｃｅ ａｎｄ ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ａｓｔｈｍａ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ｃｈａｎｇｅ ａｎｄ ｄｒｕｇ ｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｃｏｍｍｏｎ ａｎｄ ｓｐｅｃｉａｌ ｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｓ ｉｎ ｌｏｗ ｒｅｓｐｉｒａｔｏｒｙ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｉｎｇ ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ａｎｔｉ-ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｔｈｅｒａｐｙ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｏｆ １３ ４６３ ｓｐｕｔｕｍ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｓ ｔｅｓｔｅｄ ｉｎ ｉｎｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｄｕｒｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｉｏｄ ２００５～２００６ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｄｒｕｇ ｓｕｓｃｅｐｔｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｎａｌｙｚｅｄ ｂｙ ｔｈｅ ｓｏｆｔｗａｒｅ ＷＨＯＮＥＴ５．３． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ａｍｏｎｇ ａｌｌ ｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｓ ｉｎ ｌｏｗ ｒｅｓｐｉｒａｔｏｒｙ ｔｒａｃｔ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ｇｒａｍ-ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ ｂａｃｔｅｒｉａ ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｅｄ ｆｏｒ ５１．１％ ｗｈｉｌｅ ｆｕｎｇｉ ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｅｄ ｆｏｒ ３３．７％． Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ ａｌｂｉｃａｎｓ ｓｔｏｏｄ ｔｈｅ ｆｉｒｓｔ， ａｎｄ Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ ａｅｒｕｇｉｎｏｓａ，Ａｃｉｎｅｔｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｓｐ，Ｋｌｅｂｓｉｅｌｌａ ｐｎｅｕｍｏｎｉａｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｃｏｍｍｏｎ ｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ Ａｃｉｎｅｔｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｓｐ，Ｅｓｃｈｅｒｉｃｈｉａ ｃｏｌｉ ｉｎ ２００６ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈａｔ ｉｎ ２００５． Ａｍｏｎｇ ａｌｌ ｇｒａｍ-ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ ｂａｃｔｅｒｉａ，ＥＳＢＬｓ-ｐｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇ ｓｔｒａｉｎｓ ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｅｄ ｆｏｒ ８．３％ ａｎｄ ｈａｄ ｈｉｇｈ ｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｉｒｄ ａｎｄ ｆｏｒｔｈ ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｃｅｐｈａｌｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｓ ａｎｄ ｆｌｕｏｒｏｑｕｉｎｏｌｏｎｅｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓ ｏｆ ＥＳＢＬｓ-ｐｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇ ｒａｔｅｓ ｏｆ Ｅｓｃｈｅｒｉｃｈｉａ ｃｏｌｉ ａｎｄ Ｋｌｅｂｓｉｅｌｌａ ｐｎｅｕｍｏｎｉａｅ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｗｏ ｙｅａｒｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ． ＭＲＳ ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｅｄ ｆｏｒ ５９％ ｏｆ ａｌｌ ｓｔａｐｈｙｌｏｃｏｃｃｉ，ｒｅｓｉｓｔｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｍａｃｒｏｌｉｄｓ，ｃｅｐｈａｌｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｓ ａｎｄ ｆｌｕｏｒｏｑｕｉｎｏｌｏｎｅｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ＭＲＳ ｗａｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｉｎ ２００６ ｔｈａｎ ｉｎ ２００５． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：ｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔａｇｅ ｏｆ ｍｕｌｔｉｄｒｕｇ ｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｔ ｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｓ ｉｎ ｌｏｗ ｒｅｓｐｉｒａｔｏｒｙ ｔｒａｃｔ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｉｍｅ． Ｃａｒｂｏｐｅｎｅｍｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｒｅｃｏｍｍｅｎｄｅｄ ｆｏｒ ＥＳＢＬｓ-ｐｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇ ｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｓ ａｎｄ Ｖａｎｃｏｍｙｃｉｎ ｆｏｒ ＭＲＳ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｔｈｅ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓ ｏｆ ＰＧＰ９．５ ａｎｄ ＮＰＹ ｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅ（ＩＲ） ｐｅｐｔｉｄｅｒｇｉｃ ｎｅｒｖｅｓ ｉｎ ａｄｕｌｔ ｈｕｍａｎ ｔｅｓｔｅｓ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｆｏｕｒ ｔｅｓｔｅｓ ｆｒｏｍ ａｄｕｌｔ ｍａｌｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｄ ｆｏｒ ５ -滋ｍ ｔｈｉｃｋ ｆｒｏｚｅｎ ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ． Ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｉｅｓ ａｇａｉｎｓｔ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｇｅｎｅ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ（ＰＧＰ） ９．５ ａｎｄ ｎｅｕｒｏｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ Ｙ（ＮＰＹ） ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｉｍｍｕｎｏｈｉｓｔｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｐｅｐｔｉｄｅｒｇｉｃ ｎｅｒｖｅｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｈｕｍａｎ ｔｅｓｔｅｓ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：ＰＧＰ９．５-ＩＲ ｆｉｂｅｒｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｍａｉｎｌｙ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｅｓｔｉｃｕｌａｒ ｉｎｔｅｒｓｔｉｔｉｕｍ，ｉｎ ｃｌｏｓｅ ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎ ｗｉｔｈ ｓｅｍｉｎｉｆｅｒｏｕｓ ｔｕｂｕｌｅｓ ａｎｄ Ｌｅｙｄｉｇ ｃｅｌｌ ｎｅｓｔｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｍａｊｏｒｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ＮＰＹ-ＩＲ ｎｅｒｖｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ ａｒｏｕｎｄ ｉｎｔｒａｔｅｓｔｉｃｕｌａｒ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｖｅｓｓｅｌｓ，ｂｕｔ ｔｈｅ ｗａｌｌｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｍｉｎｉｆｅｒｏｕｓ ｔｕｂｕｌｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｌｓｏ ｉｎｎｅｒｖａｔｅｄ． Ｔｈｅ ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ ｏｆ ＰＧＰ９．５ ｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅ ｎｅｒｖｅ ｗａｓ ｓｔｒｏｎｇｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｏｆ ＮＰＹ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅｓｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｐｅｐｔｉｄｅｒｇｉｃ ｎｅｒｖｅｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｈｕｍａｎ ｔｅｓｔｅｓ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓ ａｎａｔｏｍｉｃ ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅ ｆｏｒ ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｓｐｅｒｍａｔｉｃ ｎｅｒｖｅｓ ｉｎ ｓｐｅｒｍａｔｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ＳＭＭＣ-７７２１ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｂｙ ｌｉｃｏｆｌａｖｏｎｅ（ＧＦ９） ａｎｄ ｉｔｓ ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：ＭＴＴ ａｓｓａｙ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｎ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｉｏｎ ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ｂｙ ＧＦ９ ｉｎ ＳＭＭＣ-７７２１ ｃｅｌｌｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｃｈａｎｇｅｓ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ ＧＦ９-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｗａｓ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ Ｈｏｅｃｈｓｔ ３３２５８ ｓｔａｉｎｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎ ｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ． Ｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔａｇｅ ｏｆ ａｐｏｐｔｏｔｉｃ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｗａｓ ａｎａｌｙｚｅｄ ｂｙ ｆｌｏｗ ｃｙｔｏｍｅｔｒｙ，ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｏｆ ｓｕｒｖｉｖｉｎ ａｎｄ ｐｒｏ-ｃａｓｐａｓｅ-３ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｅｄ ｂｙ Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：ＧＦ９ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｅｄ ｔｈｅ ＳＭＭＣ-７７２１ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｉｎ ａ ｔｉｍｅ-ａｎｄ-ｄｏｓｅ-ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔ ｍａｎｎｅｒ，４００ -滋ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＧＦ９ ｉｎｄｕｃｉｎｇ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｉｎ ａ ｔｉｍｅ-ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔ ｍａｎｎｅｒ． Ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｏｆ Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ ｓｈｏｗｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｏｆ ｓｕｒｖｉｖｉｎ ａｎｄ ｐｒｏ-ｃａｓｐａｓｅ-３ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｏｗｎｒｅｇｕｌａｔｅｄ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ＧＦ９ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｉｎｄｕｃｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｏｆ ＳＭＭＣ-７７２１ ｃｅｌｌｓ，ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ ＧＦ９-ｉｎｄｕｃｅｄ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｂｅ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｄｏｗｎｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｓｕｒｖｉｖｉｎ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｃｒｏｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｙ ａｎｄ ｇｅｎｅｔｉｃｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍｕｓｃｕｌａｒ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ ｆｅｍａｌｅ ｃａｄａｖｅｒ ｏｆ Ｘｉ Ｈａｎ Ｄｙｎａｓｔｙ ｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｅｄ ｉｎ Ｌｉａｎｙｕｎｇａｎｇ ｉｎ ２００２． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｌｉｇｈｔ ｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ ａｎｄ ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎ ｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅ ｍｉｃｒｏ ｍｏｒｐｈ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍｕｓｃｕｌａｒ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ ｆｅｍａｌｅ ｃａｄａｖｅｒ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｈａｄ ｂｅｅｎ ｆｉｘｅｄ ｉｎ １０％ ｆｏｒｍａｌｉｎ ａｆｔｅｒ ｂｅｉｎｇ ｕｎｅａｒｔｈｅｄ． Ｂｅｓｉｄｅｓ，ＤＮＡ Ｅｘｔｒａｃｔ ｋｉｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｅｘｔｒａｃｔ ｇｅｎｏｍｅ ＤＮＡ ｆｒｏｍ ｍｕｓｃｕｌａｒ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ；ＰＣＲ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ａｍｐｌｉｆｙ ｍｉｔｏｃｈｏｎｄｒｉａｌ ＤＮＡ ｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ ｂｙ ｂｏｔｈ ｌｉｇｈｔ ｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ ａｎｄ ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎ ｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ，ｔｈｅ ｍｏｒｐｈ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｍｕｓｃｕｌａｒ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ ａｎｃｉｅｎｔ ｃａｄａｖｅｒ ｓａｍｐｌｅ ｗａｓ ｉｎ ａ ｇｒｅａｔ ｍｅｓｓ． Ｇｅｎｏｍｉｃ ＤＮＡ（ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ ｍｉｔｏｃｈｏｎｄｒｉａｌ ＤＮＡ） ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｃａｄａｖｅｒ ｗａｓ ｎｏｔ ｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄ ｂｙ ｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ａｍｐｌｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ，ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｔｈｅ ａｎｃｉｅｎｔ ｃａｄａｖｅｒ ｆｉｘｅｄ ｂｙ ｆｏｒｍａｌｉｎ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｂｅ ｄｉｓａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅｏｕｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎ ｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ ａｎｄ ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒ ｂｉｏｌｏｇｙ ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈ ｔｈｅ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｏｆ ｍａｋｉｎｇ ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃ ｉｓｃｈｅｍｉｃ ｍｙｏｃａｒｄｉａｌ ｍｏｄｅｌｓ ｉｎ ｓｗｉｎｅｓ ｂｙ ｆｕｌｌ-ｅｎｄｏｓｃｏｐｙ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｔｈｅ ｍｙｏｃａｒｄｉａｌ ｉｓｃｈｅｍｉａ ｗａｓ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ ｂｙ ｇｒａｄｕａｌ ｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｌｅｆｔ ｃｉｒｃｕｍｆｌｅｘ ｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙ ａｒｔｅｒｙ（ＬＣＸ） ｗｉｔｈ ａｎ Ａｍｅｒｏｉｄ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｉｃｔｏｒ． Ａｎ Ａｍｅｒｏｉｄ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｉｃｔｏｒ ｗａｓ ｉｍｐｌａｎｔｅｄ ａｒｏｕｎｄ ＬＣＸ ｂｙ ｆｕｌｌ ｅｎｄｏｓｃｏｐｙ． Ｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｖｅ ｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙ ａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ ｗｅｒｅ ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｐｏｓｔｏｐｅｒａｔｉｖｅｌｙ ｔｏ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｇｒｅｅ ｏｆ ｓｔｅｎｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｃｏｌｌａｔｅｒａｌ ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃ ｉｓｃｈｅｍｉｃ ｍｙｏｃａｒｄｉａｌ ｍｏｄｅｌｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｆｕｌｌｙ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｅｄ ｉｎ ２０ ｓｗｉｎｅｓ ｂｙ ｆｕｌｌ-ｅｎｄｏｓｃｏｐｙ． Ｓｉｘ ｗｅｅｋｓ ｌａｔｅｒ，ｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙ ａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ ｒｅｖｅａｌｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｔｏｔａｌ ｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｐａｒｔｉａｌ ｓｔｅｎｏｓｉｓ（＞８５％）ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ＬＣＸ ｉｎ ７ ａｎｄ １３ ｓｗｉｎｅｓ ｓｅｐａｒａｔｉｖｅｌｙ． Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙ ｃｏｌｌａｔｅｒａｌ ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｗａｓ ｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｌｙ ｆｏｒｍｅｄ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｔｈｅ ｆｕｌｌ-ｅｎｄｏｓｃｏｐｉｃ ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔ ｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙ ａｒｔｅｒｙ ｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ ａｎｉｍａｌ ｍｏｄｅｌｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｌｅｓｓ ｉｎｊｕｒｙ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｏｒａｃｉｃ ｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇ ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｉｅｓ ｏｎ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｄ ｎｅｏｎａｔａｌ ｒａｔ ｃａｒｄｉｏｍｙｏｃｙｔｅｓ ｉｎｊｕｒｅｄ ｂｙ ｏｘｉｄａｔｉｖｅ-ｓｔｒｅｓｓ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｐｒｉｍａｒｙ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ ｃａｒｄｉｏｍｙｏｃｙｔｅｓ ｏｆ ｎｅｏｎａｔａｌ ｒａｔｓ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ． ０．５ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ｆｉｎａｌ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ）Ｈ２Ｏ２ ｗａｓ ａｄｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ ｍｅｄｉｕｍ ｔｏ ｍｉｍｉｃ ｏｘｉｄａｔｉｖｅ ｓｔｒｅｓｓ． Ｃａｒｄｉｏｍｙｏｃｙｔｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｉｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｆｉｖｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ：ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ，Ｈ２Ｏ２ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ｍｉｌｄ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｉｔｈ １５ ｍｉｎ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ａｔ ４２℃ ａｎｄ ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｅｄ １２ ｈ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ Ｈ２Ｏ２ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，ｍｏｄｅｒａｔｅ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｉｔｈ ４５ ｍｉｎ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ａｔ ４２℃ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ Ｈ２Ｏ２ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，ｓｅｖｅｒｅ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｉｔｈ ９０ ｍｉｎ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｈ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ Ｈ２Ｏ２ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ． Ｃｅｌｌ ｖｉａｂｉｌｉｔｉｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｎａｌｙｚｅｄ ｂｙ ＭＴＴ． Ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｒａｔｅ ｗａｓ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｆｌｏｗ ｃｙｔｏｍｅｔｒｙ． Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ ｏｆ ｓｕｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ ｄｉｓｍｕｔａｓｅ（ＳＯＤ），ｍａｌｏｎａｌｄｅｈｙｄｅ（ＭＤＡ） ｉｎ ｃａｒｄｉｏｍｙｏｃｙｔｅｓ ａｎｄ ｌａｃｔａｔｅ ｄｅｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｎａｓｅ（ＬＤＨ） ｉｎ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ ｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ ｗｅｒｅ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ｃｅｌｌ ｖｉａｂｉｌｉｔｉｅｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ ｏｆ ＳＯＤ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ Ｈ２Ｏ２ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１），ｗｈｅｒｅａｓ，ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｒａｔｅ，ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ ｏｆ ＬＤＨ ａｎｄ ＭＤＡ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ Ｈ２Ｏ２ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）； Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ Ｈ２Ｏ２ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ｃｅｌｌ ｖｉａｂｉｌｉｔｉｅｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ ｏｆ ＳＯＤ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｌｄ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ｍｏｄｅｒａｔｅ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｔｒｅｎｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１），ｗｈｅｒｅａｓ ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｒａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ ｏｆ ＬＤＨ ａｎｄ ＭＤＡ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｌｄ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ｍｏｄｅｒａｔｅ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）． Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｖｅｒｅ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｆｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ Ｈ２Ｏ２ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｅｒｅ ｎｏｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｌｙ（Ｐ ＞ ０．０５）； Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｍｏｄｅｒａｔｅ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ｃｅｌｌ ｖｉａｂｉｌｉｔｉｅｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ ｏｆ ＳＯＤ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｌｄ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ｓｅｖｅｒｅ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１），ｗｈｅｒｅａｓ ｔｈｅ ａｐｏｐｔｏｓｉｓ ｒａｔｅ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ ｏｆ ＭＤＡ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｍｉｌｄ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｎｄ ｓｅｖｅｒｅ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）． Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ ｏｆ ＬＤＨ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｔｏｏ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５，Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｃａｎ ｐｒｏｔｅｃｔ ｐｒｉｍａｒｙ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｄ ｒａｔ ｃａｒｄｉｏｍｙｏｃｙｔｅｓ ｉｎｊｕｒｅｄ ｂｙ Ｈ２Ｏ２． Ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｗｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｃｒｅａｔｅｄ ｏｎ ｃａｒｄｉｏｍｙｏｃｙｔｅｓ ｂｙ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｅｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇ ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｉｅｓ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｃｅ ｏｆ ＯＰＮ ａｎｄ ＭＭＰ-２ ｉｎ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ ａｎｄ ｅｘｐｌｏｒｅ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｌｅ ｏｆ ＯＰＮ ａｎｄ ＭＭＰ-２ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｖａｓｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｍｅｔａｓｔａｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｔｕｍｏｒ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ ｃｈｉｐ ｗｉｔｈ １７８ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｔｕｍｏｒ ａｎｄ ３６ ｐａｒａｎｅｏｐｌａｓｔｉｃ ｔｉｓｓｕｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｅｄ． Ｔｈｅ ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＯＰＮ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｉｎ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｔｕｍｏｒ ｃｅｌｌ ｌｉｎｅｓ ｗａｓ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｉｍｍｕｎｏｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｃｅ． Ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ＯＰＮ ａｎｄ ＭＭＰ-２ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｉｍｍｕｎｏｈｉｓｔｏｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ ａｓｓａｙ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｔｈｅ ＯＰＮ ｗａｓ ｍａｉｎｌｙ ｌｏｃａｔｅｄ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｃｅｌｌ ｍｅｍｂｒａｎｅ ａｎｄ ｃｙｔｏｐｌａｓｍｉｃ ｉｎ ｔｗｏ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｔｕｍｏｒ ｃｅｌｌ ｌｉｎｅｓ（ＰＡＮＣ-１，ＳＷ１９９０）． Ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＯＰＮ ａｎｄ ＭＭＰ-２ ｗａｓ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｉｎ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｔｕｍｏｒ，７４．２％（１３２／１７８）ａｎｄ ７１．３％（１２７／１７８）ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ，ｔｈａｎ ｉｎ ｐａｒａｎｅｏｐｌａｓｔｉｃ ｔｉｓｓｕｅｓ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）． ＯＰＮ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｗａｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ＭＭＰ-２（ｒ ＝ ０．３４，Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）． Ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ＯＰＮ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｗａｓ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｈｉｓｔｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｔｕｍｏｒ ｃｅｌｌｓ． ＯＰＮ ａｎｄ ＭＭＰ-２ ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｗｅｒｅ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｉｎ ｃａｓｅｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｌｙｍｐｈ ｎｏｄｅ ｍｅｔａｓｔａｓｅｓ ｏｒ ｗｉｔｈ ｎｅｒｖｅ ｉｎｆｉｌｔｒａｔｉｏｎ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：ＯＰＮ ａｎｄ ＭＭＰ-２ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｖａｓｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｍｅｔａｓｔａｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ． ＯＰＮ ａｎｄ ＭＭＰ-２ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｐｌａｙ ｓｙｎｅｒｇｅｔｉｃ ｒｏｌｅｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｉｎｇ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ-ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｅｄ ｃａｒｔｉｌａｇｅ ｉｎ ａ ｒｏｔａｔｉｎｇ ｂｉｏｒｅａｃｔｏｒ（ＨＦＢ-４０）． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｔｈｅ ＰＬＧＡ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｓｈａｐｅ ｏｆ ｒｅｃｔａｎｇｕｌａｒ ｐａｒａｌｌｅｌｏｐｉｐｅｄ（２ ｍｍ × ４ ｍｍ × ４ ｍｍ）． Ｅａｃｈ ＰＬＧＡ ｔｅｍｐｌａｔｅ ｗａｓ ｓｅｅｄｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｃｈｏｎｄｒｏｃｙｔｅｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｎ ｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｏｒ ｆｌａｓｋｓ ｆｏｒ ４ ｗｅｅｋｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｃｈｏｎｄｒｏｃｙｔｅ-ＰＬＧＡ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｈａｒｖｅｓｔｅｄ ａｎｄ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＧＡＧ，ＤＮＡ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔａｇｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｔｙｐｅⅡ ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎ ｄｙｅｉｎｇ ａｒｅａ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｔｈｅ ｃｈｏｎｄｒｏｃｙｔｅｓ-ＰＬＧＡ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｓ ｇｒｅｗ ｍｕｃｈ ｂｅｔｔｅｒ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｔｈａｎ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｆｌａｓｋｓ：Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｓ ｇｒｏｗｎ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏｒｅａｃｔｏｒ ｈａｄ ｍｕｃｈ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ ｏｆ ＧＡＧ，ＤＮＡ ａｎｄ ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔａｇｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｔｙｐｅⅡ ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎ ｄｙｅｉｎｇ ａｒｅａ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｆｌａｓｋｓ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｉｔ ｉｓ ａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅｏｕｓ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ-ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｅｄ ｃａｒｔｉｌａｇｅ ｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏｒｅａｃｔｏｒ，ｗｈｉｃｈ ｃａｎ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ ｍｏｒｅ ｓｕｉｔａｂｌｅ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ ｆｏｒ ｃｈｏｎｄｒｏｃｙｔｅ-ＰＬＧＡ ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｓ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ｇｒｅｅｎ ｔｅａ ａｎｄ ｉｔｓ ｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｒｉｓｋ ｏｆ ｌｕｎｇ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｉｎ Ｄａｆｅｎｇ Ｃｏｕｎｔｙ，ａｎ ａｒｅａ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｉｇｈ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｃｅ ｉｎ Ｊｉａｎｇｓｕ Ｐｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ，Ｃｈｉｎａ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ａ ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ-ｂａｓｅｄ ｃａｓｅ-ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｗａｓ ｃａｒｒｉｅｄ ｏｕｔ ｉｎ Ｄａｆｅｎｇ Ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ，５２３ ｎｅｗｌｙ ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｅｄ ｌｕｎｇ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｃａｓｅｓ ａｎｄ １ ９２４ ｈｅａｌｔｈ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｒｅｃｒｕｉｔｅｄ． Ｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｏｌｏｇｙ ｄａｔａ ｗｅｒｅ ｃｏｌｌｅｃｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｉｅｗｓ ｕｓｉｎｇ ａ ｓｔａｎｄａｒｄ ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｎａｉｒｅ． Ｕｎｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ ｒｅｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｗａｓ ａｐｐｌｉｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｃａｌｃｕｌａｔｉｎｇ ｃｒｕｄｅ ｏｄｄｓ ｒａｔｉｏ（ＯＲＣｒｕ） ａｎｄ ａｄｊｕｓｔｅｄ ｏｄｄｓ ｒａｔｉｏ（ＯＲＡｄｊ）． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ａ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｒｅｇｕｌａｒ ｇｒｅｅｎ ｔｅａ ｄｒｉｎｋｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｌｕｎｇ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｒｉｓｋ ｗａｓ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ＯＲＡｄｊ ｏｆ ０．５２０（９５％ ＣＩ：０．３９２～０．６９１）． Ｍｏｒｅｏｖｅｒ，ｄｏｓｅ-ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅ ｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｈｅ ａｇｅ ｏｆ ｆｉｒｓｔ ｇｒｅｅｎ ｔｅａ ｄｒｉｎｋｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｒｉｓｋ ｏｆ ｌｕｎｇ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｗａｓ ｆｏｕｎｄ（Ｐｆｏｒ Ｔｒｅｎｄ Ａｄｊ ＜ ０．０００ １）． Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎｓ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｒｅｇｕｌａｒ ｇｒｅｅｎ ｔｅａ ｄｒｉｎｋｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｓｍｏｋｉｎｇ ｈｉｓｔｏｒｙ，ｔｏｔａｌ ｃｉｇａｒｅｔｔｅｓ ｃｏｎｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎｓ（≥ ３０ ｐａｃｋ·ｙｅａｒ），ａｌｃｏｈｏｌ ｄｒｉｎｋｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕａｌ ｃｏｏｋｉｎｇ ｏｉｌ ｅｘｐｏｓｕｒｅ，ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ． Ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｍｏｒｅ，ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎｓ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｒｅｇｕｌａｒ ｇｒｅｅｎ ｔｅａ ｄｒｉｎｋｉｎｇ ａｎｄ ｓｍｏｋｉｎｇ ｈｉｓｔｏｒｙ（ＯＲＡｄｊ ｆｏｒ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎ：０．５７５；９５％ ＣＩ：０．４２５～０．７７７） ａｎｄ ｔｏｔａｌ ｃｉｇａｒｅｔｔｅｓ ｃｏｎｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎｓ（≥３０ ｐａｃｋ·ｙｅａｒ）（ＯＲＡｄｊ ｆｏｒ ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎ：０．７０６；９５％ ＣＩ：０．５００～０．９９９），ｗｈｉｃｈ ｒｅｄｕｃｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｒｉｓｋ ｏｆ ｌｕｎｇ ｃａｎｃｅｒ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｒｅｇｕｌａｒ ｇｒｅｅｎ ｔｅａ ｄｒｉｎｋｉｎｇ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｒｅｄｕｃｅ ｔｈｅ ｒｉｓｋ ｏｆ ｌｕｎｇ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｉｎ ｈｉｇｈ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｃｅ ａｒｅａｓ ａｎｄ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｂｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｌｕｎｇ ｃａｎｃｅｒ ｃｈｅｍｏｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ ｏｆ ｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ Ｅ ｖｉｒｕｓ（ＨＥＶ） ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ｒｕｒａｌ ａｒｅａ ｏｆ Ｊｉａｎｇｓｕ ｐｒｏｖｉｎｅ ａｎｄ ｅｘｐｌｏｒｅ ｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ａ ｃｒｏｓｓ-ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ａ ｆｏｌｌｏｗ-ｕｐ ｓｅｒｏｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｏｌｏｇｉｃ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｏｆ ＨＥＶ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｗｅｒｅ ｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｅｄ． Ａｎｔｉ-ＨＥＶ ＩｇＧ ａｎｄ ＩｇＭ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｅｓｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌ ＥＬＩＳＡ ｋｉｔｓ，ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ＲＴ-ＰＣＲ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｗａｓ ａｐｐｌｉｅｄ ｔｏ ｏｂｔａｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ＨＥＶ ｆｒｏｍ ｓｕｂｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｃａｓｅｓ． Ｍｅａｎｗｈｉｌｅ ｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｔｕｄｉｅｄ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｔｈｅ ｃｒｏｓｓ-ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎａｌ ｓｅｒｏｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｏｌｏｇｉｃ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｓｈｏｗｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ａｎｔｉ-ＨＥＶ ＩｇＧ ｐｒｅｖａｌｅｎｃｅ ｗｅｒｅ ５２％ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ． Ｔｈｅ ｓｅｒｏｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｉｔｙ ｒａｔｅｓ ｏｆ ａｎｔｉ-ＨＥＶ-ＩｇＧ ｗａｓ ｈｉｇｈｔｅｒ ｉｎ ｍａｌｅ ｔｈａｎ ｉｎ ｆｅｍａｌｅ（Ｐ ＜ ０．００１），ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｉｅｓ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ａｇｅ． Ｂａｓｅｄ ｏｎ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｌｌｏｗ-ｕｐ ｓｔｕｄｙ，ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ａｎｄ ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ ｓｅｒｏｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ ｒａｔｅ ｗｅｒｅ １１．６％ ａｎｄ ５．８％ ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ． Ｏｖｅｒａｌｌ，ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｓｅｒｏｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ ｒａｔｅ ｗａｓ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｉｎ ｐｅｏｐｌｅ ｍｏｒｅ ｔｈａｎ ２０ ｙｅａｒｓ ｏｌｄ ｔｈａｎ ｉｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｌｅｓｓ ｔｈａｎ ２０ ｙｅａｒｓ，ｂｕｔ ｔｈｅ ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ ｓｅｒｏｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ０～９ ｙｅａｒ ａｇｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗａｓ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｏｌｄｅｒ ａｇｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ． Ｂｏｔｈ ｇｅｎｏｔｙｐｅⅠ ａｎｄ ｇｅｎｏｔｙｐｅ Ⅳ ＨＥＶ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｓｏｌａｔｅｄ ｆｒｏｍ ｓｕｂｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ． Ｍａｎ，ａｄｖａｎｃｉｎｇ ａｇｅ ａｎｄ ｂｒｅｅｄｉｎｇ ｓｗｉｎｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｒｉｓｋ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ＨＥＶ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅｖａｌｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ Ｅ ｖｉｒｕｓ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｃｔ ｗａｓ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ａｎｙ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｄｉｓｔｒｉｃｔｓ ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄ ｉｎ Ｃｈｉｎａ． Ｇｅｎｏｔｙｐｅ Ⅰ ａｎｄ ｇｅｎｏｔｙｐｅ Ⅳ ＨＥＶ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｓｏｌａｔｅｄ ｆｒｏｍ ｓｕｂｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ． Ｂｅｓｉｄｅｓ ｇｅｎｄｅｒ ａｎｄ ａｇｅ，ｂｒｅｅｄｉｎｇ ｓｗｉｎｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ＨＥＶ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｅｘｐｌｏｒｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｅｖａｃｃｉｎａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙ ｔｉｔｅｒ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙ，ａｎｄ ｔｏ ｆｉｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｈｅｒｄ ｏｆ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｚａ ｖａｃｃｉｎａｔｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ ｂａｓｉｓ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｆｌｕ ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｄｕｐｌｉｃａｔｅｓ ｅｎｔｉｒｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｒａｎｄｏｍ ｓａｍｐｌｉｎｇ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ． Ｔｈｅ ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙ ｗａｓ ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔｅｄ ｆｒｏｍ ｎａｔｕｒａｌ ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ ｉｎ Ｃｈａｎｇｚｈｏｕ，Ｙａｎｃｈｅｎｇ，Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ，Ｈｕａｉａｎ，Ｓｕｑｉａｎ ａｎｄ Ｙａｎｇｚｈｏｕ． Ｔｈｅ ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙ ｏｆ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｚａ ｗａｓ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ ｂｙ ｔｈｅ ｈｅｍａｇｇｌｕｔｉｎａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｉｏｎ ｔｅｓｔ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ｓｕｂｔｙｐｅ Ａ３ ａｎｄ ｔｙｐｅ Ｂ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｉｎ ａｇｅｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ｓｕｂｔｙｐｅ Ａ３ ｗａｓ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｉｎ ｉｎｆａｎｔ ａｎｄ ｐｒｅ-ｓｃｈｏｏｌ ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ，ｗｈｉｌｅ ｔｈａｔ ｏｆ ｔｙｐｅ Ｂ ｗａｓ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｙｅａｒｓ-ｏｌｄ ｐｅｏｐｌｅ． Ａｌｏｎｇ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇ ｏｆ ｐｒｅ-ｉｍｍｕｎｅ ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙ ｔｉｔｅｒ，ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｒａｔｅ ｇｒａｄｕａｌｌｙ ｒｅｄｕｃｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｓｏｎ ｗｈｏ ｈａｄ ｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｒｏｍ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｚａ． Ｙｏｕｄｅｎ’ｓ ｉｎｄｅｘ ｆｏｕｎｄ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｒｅｓｈｏｌｄ ｏｆ ｓｕｂｔｙｐｅ Ａ１，ｓｕｂｔｙｐｅ Ａ３ ａｎｄ ｔｙｐｅ Ｂ ｗａｓ １ ∶ １６０，１ ∶ １６０ ａｎｄ １ ∶ ８０ ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｗｈｅｎ ｐｒｅ-ｉｍｍｕｎｅ ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙ ｔｉｔｅｒ ｏｆ ｓｕｂｔｙｐｅ Ａ１，ｓｕｂｔｙｐｅ Ａ３ ａｎｄ ｔｙｐｅ Ｂ ｅｘｃｅｅｄｅｄ １ ∶ １６０，１ ∶ １６０ ａｎｄ １ ∶ ８０，ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｚａ ｖａｃｃｉｎａｔｉｏｎ ｃｏｕｌｄｎ’ｔ ａｃｈｉｅｖｅ ｔｈｅ ａｎｔｉｃｉｐａｔｅｄ ｉｍｍｕｎｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｅｘｐｌｏｒｅ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ ｏｆ ｈｅａｌｔｈ-ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｌｉｆｅ（ＨＲＱＯＬ）ｉｎ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ａ ｃｒｏｓｓ-ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎａｌ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｗａｓ ｃａｒｒｉｅｄ ｏｕｔ ｔｏ ｓｕｒｖｅｙ ６４４ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ ｂｙ ｕｓｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｎａｉｒｅ ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ ｄｅｍｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃ ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ，ｂｅｈａｖｉｏｕｒ，ｙｅａｒｓ ｏｆ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ，ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ ｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ ＳＦ-３６ ｓｈｏｒｔ ｆｏｒｍ ｏｆ ｌｉｆｅ ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｓｙｍｐｔｏｍ ｄｉｓｔｒｅｓｓ ｃｈｅｃｋｌｉｓｔ． Ｓｔｕｄｅｎｔ-ｔ ｔｅｓｔ，ｖａｒｉａｎｃｅ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｌｉｎｅａｒ ｓｔｅｐｗｉｓｅ ｒｅｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ａｎａｌｙｚｅ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ． １９５ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｃｒｅｅｎｅｄ ｏｕｔ ｔｏ ｐａｒｔｉｃｉｐａｔｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｆｉｅｄ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ，ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｐａｉｒｅｄ-ｔ ｔｅｓｔ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｔｅｓｔ ｔｈｅ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ ａｎｄ ａｆｔｅｒ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｍｕｌｔｉｖａｒｉａｔｅ ｒｅｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｓｈｏｗｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ａｇｅ，ｓｙｍｐｔｏｍ，ｏｒｄｉｎａｒｙ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ，ｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｅｘｅｒｃｉｓｅ，ａｔｔｉｔｕｄｅ，ｋｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅ，ｆａｍｉｌｙ ｉｎｃｏｍｅ ａｎｄ ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙ ｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｈｅ ｍａｉｎ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｉｎｇ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｕｎ-ｓｔａｎｄａｒｄｉｚｅｄ ｐａｒｔｉａｌ ｃｏｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔｓ ｂｅｉｎｇ －１．５２，－６．７０，２９．６１，２９．８８，３０．８９，６．１０，１３．９６ ａｎｄ ２８．２９． Ａｆｔｅｒ ６ ｍｏｎｔｈｓ ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｆｉｅｄ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ，ｔｈｅ ｓｃｏｒｅｓ ｏｆ ａｌｌ ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎｓ ｅｘｃｅｐｔ ｓｏｃｉａｌ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｉｎ ｖｉｅｗ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ｆａｃｔｏｒｓ ｏｆ ｌｉｆｅ ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ，ｔａｋｉｎｇ ｓｏｍｅ ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｖｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ ｔｈｅ ｌｉｆｅ ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ ｉｎ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｗｈｅｔｈｅｒ ｔｈｅｒｅ ｉｓ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ（ＰＨ） ｉｎ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｓｅｖｅｒｅ ｏｂｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｓｌｅｅｐ ａｐｎｅａ ｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ（ＯＳＡＳ） ａｎｄ ｔｏ ｅｖａｌｕａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ ｔｗｏ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｓ，ｎａｍｅｌｙ ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ（ＣＰＡＰ） ａｎｄ Ｂｉ-ｌｅｖｅｌ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ（ＢｉＰＡＰ） ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｓ，ｏｎ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ ａｒｔｅｒｉａｌ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ（ＰＰＡ） ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｆｏｕｒｔｅｅｎ ｓｅｖｅｒｅ ＯＳＡＳ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ ｃａｒｄｉａｃ ｏｒ ｌｕｎｇ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｒｅｃｒｕｉｔｅｄ ａｎｄ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｉｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｔｗｏ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ，ＣＰＡＰ ｇｒｏｕｐ（７ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ） ａｎｄ ＢｉＰＡＰ ｇｒｏｕｐ（７ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ） ｂａｓｅｄ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｏｆ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ ｔｈｅｙ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ． Ｐｕｌｓｅｄ-ｗａｖｅ ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ ｅｃｈｏｃａｒｄｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｅｓｔｉｍａｔｉｎｇ ｔｈｅｉｒ ＰＰＡ， ｗｈｉｃｈ ｗａｓ ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ ａｎｄ ａｆｔｅｒ ６-ｍｏｎｔｈｓ’ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｉｎ ａｌｌ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ａｓ ｗｅｌｌ ａｓ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｗｏ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｏｆ ａｌｌ ｓｅｖｅｒｅ １４ ＯＳＡＳ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ， ｍｉｌｄ ＰＨ ｗｅｒｅ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｅｄ ｉｎ ５ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ（３５．７％）． Ａｆｔｅｒ ６-ｍｏｎｔｈｓ’ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，ｔｈｅ ＰＰＡ ｉｎ １４ ＯＳＡＳ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗａｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｓ［（２９．６ ± ７．２）ｍｍＨｇ ｖｓ（２６．０ ± ５．０）ｍｍＨｇ，Ｐ ＜ ０．０５］． Ｃｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎ ｏｆ ＰＰＡ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ ａｎｄ ａｆｔｅｒ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｗｏ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｉｎ ＣＰＡＰ ｇｒｏｕｐ，ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈ ｔｈｅｒｅ ｓｅｅｍｅｄ ａ ｔｅｎｄｅｎｃｙ ｏｆ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅ ｉｎ ＰＰＡ ａｆｔｅｒ ＣＰＡＰ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，ｎｏ ｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃａｌ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｃｅ ｗａｓ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ［（２９．０ ± ６．６）ｍｍＨｇ ｖｓ（２７．７ ± ５．９）ｍｍＨｇ，Ｐ ＞ ０．０５］；ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｉｎ ＢｉＰＡＰ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗａｓ ａ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅ ｉｎ ＰＰＡ ａｆｔｅｒ ＢｉＰＡＰ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈａｔ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ［（３０．１ ± ８．３）ｍｍＨｇ ｖｓ（２４．３ ± ３．６）ｍｍＨｇ，Ｐ ＜ ０．０５］． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：ＰＨ ｍａｙ ｏｃｃｕｒ ｉｎ ｓｅｖｅｒｅ ＯＳＡＳ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ． Ｔｈｅ ＰＰＡ ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｃａｎ ｂｅ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｂｙ ＢｉＰＡＰ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｉｓ ｆａｖｏｒａｂｌｅ ｆｏｒ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ａｎｄ ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ＰＨ ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ａｄａｐｔｉｖｅ ｓｅｒｖｏ-ｖｅｎｔｉｌａｔｉｏｎ（ＡＳＶ） ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌ ｓｌｅｅｐｉｎｅｓｓ（ＲＳ） ｉｎ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｏｂｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｓｌｅｅｐ ａｐｎｅａ ｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ（ＯＳＡＳ）． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｃｏｒｒｅｃｔ ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｏｎｅ ｍｏｎｔｈ’ｓ ａｕｔｏ-ＣＰＡＰ（ＡＰＡＰ） ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ａｎｄ ｅｘｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ ｆｏｒ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｓｌｅｅｐｉｎｅｓｓ-ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ ｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｓ， ４２ ＲＳ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｍｏｄｅｒａｔｅ-ｔｏ-ｓｅｖｅｒｅ ＯＳＡＳ ｗｅｒｅ ｒｅｃｒｕｉｔｅｄ． Ａｌｌ ｏｆ ｔｈｅｍ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ ｏｎｅ ｗｅｅｋ’ｓ ＡＳＶ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｗｉｔｈ ａｕｔｏ ＣＳ２ ｖｅｎｔｉｌａｔｏｒ． ２４ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ＲＳ ａｆｔｅｒ １ ｍｏｎｔｈ’ｓ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｗｉｔｈ ＡＰＡＰ ｗｅｒｅ ｒｅｃｒｕｉｔｅｄ ａｓ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ， ｗｈｉｃｈ ｗｅｎｔ ｏｎ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｉｎｇ ｏｎｅ ｗｅｅｋ’ｓ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｗｉｔｈ ＡＰＡＰ． Ｃｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｍａｄｅ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ＡＰＡＰ ａｎｄ ＡＳＶ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓ： ｐｏｌｙｓｏｍｎｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃ ｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓ ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ ａｐｎｅａ ｈｙｐｏｐｎｅａ ｉｎｄｅｘ（ＡＨＩ）， ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ ｓｌｅｅｐ ａｐｎｅａ ｉｎｄｅｘ（ＣＳＡＩ）， ｍｉｃｒｏ-ａｒｏｕｓａｌ ｉｎｄｅｘ（ＭＡＩ）， ｍｉｎｉｍａｌ ｐｕｌｓｅ ｏｘｙｇｅｎ ｓａｔｕｒａｔｉｏｎ（ｍｉｎｉ ＳｐＯ２）， ｄａｙｔｉｍｅ Ｅｐｗｏｒｔｈ ｓｌｅｅｐｉｎｅｓｓ ｓｃｏｒｅ（ＥＳＳ）； ａｎｄ ｐｌａｓｍａ ｔｕｍｏｒ ｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓ ｆａｃｔｏｒ-α（ＴＮＦ-α） ｗｈｉｃｈ ｉｓ ｏｎｅ ｏｆ ｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｙ ｓｌｅｅｐｉｎｅｓｓ-ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ ｆａｃｔｏｒ． Ｃｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｌｓｏ ｍａｄｅ ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｓａｍｅ ｔｉｍｅ ｐｏｉｎｔ ｉｎ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｐｌａｓｍａ ＴＮＦ-α ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ ｂｙ ｅｎｚｙｍｅ ｌｉｎｋｅｄ ｉｍｍｕｎｏｓｏｒｂｅｎｔ ａｓｓａｙ（ＥＬＩＳＡ）． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ： Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓ ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｅｎｄ ｏｆ ｏｎｅ ｍｏｎｔｈ’ｓ ＡＰＡＰ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ， ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗａｓ ａ ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅ ｉｎ ＡＨＩ， ＣＳＡＩ， ＭＡＩ， ｄａｙｔｉｍｅ ＥＳＳ ａｎｄ ｐｌａｓｍａ ＴＮＦ-α ｌｅｖｅｌｓ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１） ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｅｎｄ ｏｆ ｏｎｅ ｗｅｅｋ’ｓ ＡＳＶ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｉｎ ＲＳ ｇｒｏｕｐ． ＥＳＳ ｂｅｆｏｒｅ ＡＳＶ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ（９．８１ ± ０．５９） ｒｅｔｕｒｎｅｄ ｔｏ ｎｏｒｍａｌ ｒａｎｇｅ（３．９８ ± １．２６） ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ＡＳＶ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１）． Ｏｎｌｙ ｗａｓ ｍｅａｎ ＳｐＯ２ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｔｈａｎ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ＡＳＶ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：ＡＳＶ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｃｏｕｌｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ ＲＳ ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ， ｔｈｅ ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｂｅ ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｄｅｃｌｉｎｅｄ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｏｆ ＣＳＡＩ ａｎｄ ＴＮＦ-α．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｃｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒ ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｆａｃｔｏｒ（ＶＥＧＦ） ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｉｎ ｏｂｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｓｌｅｅｐ ａｐｎｅａ ｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ（ＯＳＡＳ） ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｔｈｅ ＶＥＧＦ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ｇｒｏｕｐ（ｎ ＝ ３６），ＯＳＡＳ ｐｌｕｓ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ（ｎ ＝ １４） ａｎｄ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ（ｎ ＝ ２０），ｂｅｆｏｒｅ ａｎｄ ａｆｔｅｒ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ａｉｒｗａｙ ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ（ＣＰＡＰ） ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ｐｌｕｓ Ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ， ａｎｄ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｅａｃｈ ｔｗｏ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ｔｈｅ ＶＥＧＦ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｉｎ ｓｉｍｐｌｅ ＯＳＡＳ ｇｒｏｕｐ（ｎ ＝ ３６）［（８１．７６ ± １０．８１）ｐｇ／ｍｌ］，ａｎｄ ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ｐｌｕｓ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ（ｎ ＝ １４）［（９２．３５ ± ７．４９）ｐｇ／ｍｌ］ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ（ｎ ＝ ２０）［（７０．０１ ± ５．７１）ｐｇ／ｍｌ］ ｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）， ｂｕｔ ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗａｓ ｎｏ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ａｍｏｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｓｕｂｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｏｆ ＯＳＡＳ（Ｐ ＞ ０．０５）． Ｔｈｅ ｐｌａｓｍａ ＶＥＧＦ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ｐｌｕｓ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｖｅ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｃｈａｎｇｅｄ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｆｒｏｍ ｔｈｅ ｂａｓｅｌｉｎｅ ｌｅｖｅｌ（ｎ ＝ １４）［（９２．３５ ± ７．４９）ｐｇ／ｍｌ］ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｌｅｖｅｌ［（７２．５６ ± ４．４１）ｐｇ／ｍｌ ］ ａｆｔｅｒ ｏｎｅ ｗｅｅｋ ｏｆ ＣＰＡＰ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ（Ｐ ＜０．０５）． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｐｌａｓｍａ ＶＥＧＦ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ａｎｄ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔ ｗｅｒｅ ｂｏｔｈ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｉｎ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒ ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｆａｃｔｏｒ（ＶＥＧＦ） ｍａｙ ｒｅｌｉｅｖｅ ＯＳＡＳ ａｎｄ ｒｅｄｕｃｅ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｃａｒｄｉｏｖａｓｃｕｌａｒ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ ｂｙ ｐｒｏｍｏｔｉｎｇ ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒ ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌ ｃｅｌｌ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ａｎｇｉｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ ａｓ ｗｅｌｌ ａｓ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｉｎｇ ｔｉｓｓｕｅ ｈｙｐｏｘｉａ． Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗａｓ ａ ｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅ ｉｎ ＶＥＧＦ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｓ ｉｎ ＯＳＡＳ ｐｌｕｓ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ａｆｔｅｒ ＣＰＡＰ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ．

Abstract:Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ：Ｔｏ ａｎａｌｙｚｅ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｒｏｔａｖｉｒｕｓ，ａｓｔｒｏｖｉｒｕｓ，ｅｎｔｅｒａｌ ａｄｅｎｏｒｉｒｕｓ ｉｎ ｉｎｆａｎｔｉｌｅ ｄｉａｒｒｈｅａ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ：Ｆｒｏｍ Ｏｃｔｏｂｅｒ，２００６ ｔｏ Ｍａｒｃｈ，２００７，ａ ｔｏｔａｌ ｏｆ １８２ ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ ｕｎｄｅｒ ５ ｙｅａｒｓ ｏｆ ａｇｅ ｈｏｓｐｉｔａｌｉｚｅｄ ｆｏｒ ａｃｕｔｅ ｗａｔｅｒｙ ｄｉａｒｒｈｅａ ｗｅｒｅ ｅｎｒｏｌｌｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｓｔｕｄｙ． Ｓｔｏｏｌ ｓｐｅｃｉｍｅｎ ｗａｓ ｃｏｌｌｅｃｔｅｄ ｆｒｏｍ ｅａｃｈ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔ． Ｔｈｅ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｏｆ ｇｏｌｄ ｃｏｌｌｏｉｄ ｄｅｖｉｃｅ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｄｅｔｅｃｔ ｒｏｔａｖｉｒｕｓ ａｎｇｉｔｅｎ． Ｔｈｅ ｓｐｅｃｉｍｉｎｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｅｓｔｅｄ ｆｏｒ ａｓｔｒｏｖｉｒｕｓ ａｎｇｉｔｅｎ ａｎｄ ｅｎｔｅｒａｌ ａｄｅｎｏｒｉｒｕｓ ａｎｇｉｔｅｎ ｂｙ ｕｓｉｎｇ ｅｎｚｙｍｅ ｌｉｎｋｅｄ ｉｍｍｕｎｏｓｏｒｂｅｎｔ ａｓｓａｙ（ＥＬＩＳＡ）． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ：Ａｍｏｎｇ １８２ ｃａｓｅｓ，ｔｈｅ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ｒｏｔａｖｉｒｕｓ ａｎｇｉｔｅｎ ｗａｓ ３５．２％（６４／１８２）， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ａｓｔｒｏｖｉｒｕｓ ａｎｇｉｔｅｎ ｗａｓ ５．５％（１０／１８２），Ｆｏｕｒ ｓａｍｐｌｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｒｏｔａｖｉｒｕｓ ａｎｄ ａｓｔｒｏｖｉｒｕｓ ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｓａｍｅ ｔｉｍｅ． Ｔｈｅ ｄｅｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ｅｎｔｅｒａｌ ａｄｅｎｏｒｉｒｕｓ ａｎｇｉｔｅｎ ３．３％（６／１８２）， ａｎｄ ２ ｓａｍｐｌｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｒｏｔａｖｉｒｕｓ ａｎｄ ｅｎｔｅｒａｌ ａｄｅｎｏｒｉｒｕｓ． Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ：Ｒｏｔａｖｉｒｕｓ ｉｓ ｓｔｉｌｌ ｔｈｅ ｍａｊｏｒ ｅｔｉｏｌｏｇｉｃ ａｇｅｎｔｓ ｏｆ ａｃｕｔｅ ｉｎｆａｎｔｉｌｅ ｄｉａｒｒｈｅａ ｉｎ ｗｉｎｔｅｒ． Ａｓｔｒｏｖｉｒｕｓ ｉｓ ｔｈｅ ｓｅｃｏｎｄ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ ａｇｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｖｉｒａｌ ｄｉａｒｒｈｅａ ｉｎ ｉｎｆａｎｔｓ， ａｎｄ ｍｉｘｅｄ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｓｔｉｌｌ ｅｘｉｓｔ．