Abstract:Objective:To explore the association of XRCC1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and the risk of cervical cancer. Methods:In a hospital-based case-control study of 436 patients with newly diagnosed cervical carcinoma and 503 cancer-free controls frequency-matched by age(± 5 years), we genotyped the -77T>C and Arg399Glu polymorphisms of XRCC1 gene by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) method. We further analyzed the interaction of age, menarche age, and parity. Results:We found that the -77T>C variant genotypes were associated with significantly decreased risk of cervical cancer adjusted odds ratio(OR) = 0.64; 95% confidence interval(CI)=0.48~0.86, compared with the wild-type homozygote. Moreover, individuals with 3~4 risk alleles increased the risk of cervical cancer accompanied with older age( > 50 years)(OR=1.64, 95%CI=1.02~2.64) and parity(OR=1.66,95%CI=1.01~2.72). By contrast, no significant association was observed between the Arg399Gln polymorphism and cervical cancer risk. Conclusion:Our finding indicated that the XRCC1-77 CC/CT genotype was significantly associated with a decreased risk of cervical cancer in Jiangsu population.

Abstract:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.Even with the applications of excision, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and gene therapy, the 5 year survival rate is only 15% in the USA. Clinically relevant laboratory animal models of the disease could greatly facilitate understanding of the pathogenesis of lung cancer, its progression, invasion and metastasis. Transplanted lung cancer models are of special interest and are widely used today. Such models are essential tools in accelerating development of new therapies for lung cancer. In this communication we will present a brief overview of the hosts, sites and pathways used to establish transplanted animal lung tumor models.

Abstract:In recent years, lots of studies on internet addiction were undertaken, most of which concentrating on college students. The article provided an overview of definition, diagnostic criterion, formation mechanism and therapy of internet addiction disorder. By analyzing the views of several popular theories, the authors brought forward possible research trends of internt addiction disorder.

Abstract:The rising incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in the world has led to continued interest in its precursor lesion, Barrett's esophagus (BE). This review endeavors to summarize the recent advances in the therapy of BE with an emphasis on novel endoscopic therapies.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the influence on the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer by transfection of B7-1. Methods: Plasmids B7-1pcDNA3.1(+) and pcDNA3.1(+) were transfected into SGC-7901,then selected by G418 to establish the stable cell lines S-B and S-P. The expression of B7-1 mRNA and protein was detected, and then the distribution of cell cycle and the proliferation index(PI) was tested. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) were separated and co-cultured with gastric cancer cell lines whose adhesion and cytotoxicity were tested Apoptosis condition of gastric cancer cells were also monitored. Gastric cancer cells were inoculated into the great curve of BALB/c nude mouse close to the gastric antrum Growth and metastasis of the gastric cancer were observed. Results:B7-1 was high expressed in S-B, but wasn’t expressed in S-P and S. S-B,S-P and S didn’t have significant difference in proliferation index. Adhesion and cytotoxicity of PBMC to S-B were stronger than that of S-P and S, but no significant difference between S-P and S. Tumorigenesis and lymph node metastasis of S-B were both lower than that of S-P and S. Lymphocytes were intensively infiltrated in both the S-B tumors and its metastatic lesions, however, were scarcely observed in the lesions associated with S-P and S. Conclusion:The transfection of B7-1 enhanced the immunogenicity of gastric cancer cell and inhibited its growth and lymph node metastasis.

Abstract:To investigate the effects of CD137 signaling on the regulation of CD3-CD56+NK cells function. Methods: CD3-CD56+NK cells were treated with CD137 mAb or mouse IgG1 isotype control to study the effects of CD137 signaling on the function of CD3-CD56+NK cells. Cytotoxicity was measured by LDH activity in the supernatants of cell cultures; NKG2D and LFA-1 expression on CD3-CD56+NK cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: CD137 was expressed on activated CD3-CD56+NK cells. The CD137 mAb enhanced the ability of CD3-CD56+NK cells to kill lung cancer cells(A549)；Further studies revealed that the expression of NKG2D and LFA-1 was significantly increased in activated cells, and blockade of NKG2D and LFA-1 dramatically attenuated CD3-CD56+NK cytolysis of A549 cancer cells. Conclusion: CD137 signaling increases the ability of CD3-CD56+NK cells to kill cancer cells via up-regulating the expression of NKG2D and LFA-1.

Abstract:Through the analysis of the conflicts among related law for dealing with medical disputes and the problems in multistage and fragmented verification system, the article proposed to establish a unified verification system of compensation responsibility for medical malpractice to provide services for the civil trial and solve medical disputes.

Abstract:Objective:To construct short hairpin RNA(shRNA) eukaryotic expression vectors selectively silencing β-catenin gene. Methods:Three oligonucleotides targeting of β-catenin gene were synthesized and cloned into eukaryotic expression plasmids pGPU6. Three combinant plasmids pGPU6-β-catenin-shRNA -1,2,3 were transfected into AGS cells by lipofectamine reagent. The gene silencing efficiency was measured by Western blotting. Results:Three shRNA expression vectors were confirmed by restricted endonuclease analysis and partial nucleotide sequencing. pGPU6-β-catenin-shRNA-3 knocked down the expression of β-catenin protein dramatically by Western blot. Conclusion:The eukaryotic vectors expressing shRNA of β-catenin were constructed successfully. The results of this study lay the foundation for further studying on the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in gastric cancer.

Abstract:This article explored a new perspective of medical humanity, which could be understood as being unitary, multiple and harmonious, and proposed the postmodern medical model of biology, psychology, sociology and spirit. The author demonstrated that respect for the patient’s self-determination should be the core value of medical law and medical ethics, and explained that the self-determination made by Jehovah’s Witness should be respected which was with regard to their rejection to blood infusion.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of Rapamycin on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of LoVo colonic adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. Methods:Cultured LoVo colonic adenocarcinoma cells were divided into three groups: negative control group, EMT-inducing group (TGF-β1) and EMT-interfering group (TGF-β1 plus Rapamycin). E-cadherin expression in LoVo cells was detected by Western Blot, while the expression of vimentin was evaluated through immunocytochemistry. The Snail mRNA in LoVo cells was examined by RT-PCR. Results: TGF-β1 induced LoVo cell switching from polygonal to spindle-shaped. TGF-β1 enhanced the expression of vimentin, but lowered the level of E-cadherin. In contrast, Rapamycin impaired the transition induced by TGF-β1. Rapamycin dramatically abrogated TGF-β1-induced vimentin expression and restored E-cadherin expression in LoVo cells. Rapamycin significantly repressed the up-regulation of Snail mRNA expression induced by TGF-β1. Conclusion: Rapamycin dramatically abrogated TGF-β1 induced Snail mRNA expression in LoVo cells, hence inhibiting the EMT of these cells in vitro.

Abstract:Objective:Using cDNA microarray to search for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC) associated gene profiling differentially expressed and to screen LSCC associated genes. Methods:LSCC tissues and normal para-tumor tissues from the same patients in 4 cases and their gene expression profiles were screened using cDNA microarrays which contained the whole human being genome. Results:A cDNA microarray analysis revealed significant changes in the expression of 349 genes,with 112 genes being up-regulated and 237 genes being down-regulated in all 4 cases. Conclusion:cDNA microarray provided a large body of information regarding gene expression profiles associated with LSCC. Analysis of the genes profile could not only interpret LSCC complicated relation between biologic characteristics and genes differentially expressed,but also identify the marker of LSCC. The cDNA microarray results would be the basis of studying tumorigenesis and development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the future.

Abstract:Objective: To determine epidemiologic features of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreak occurred in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China in 1999, and assess the incidence of E. coli O157:H7 in diarrhea patients and host animals and its relationship with disease onset, and provide a scientific basis for establishing prevention and control strategies. Methods: Epidemiological, microbiological, and molecular methods were performed to identify risk factors and describe the ecology of E. coli O157:H7 in the environment. Results: From May to September, in 1999, 99 cases of E. coli O157:H7 infection were confirmed. Fifty-six patients were enrolled in the case-control study. Bad personal health habits and poor sanitary conditions in the kitchen were associated with increased risks of infection, whereas hand washing was protective. The household survey indicated that residents in the epidemic region during the outbreak had higher than expected rates of diarrhea. The total E. coli O157:H7 carrier rate in the livestock was 12.36% (22/178), specifically 19.15% in cattle, 12.50% in goat, and 11.11% in swine. Numerical analysis of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles divided strains into two clusters with 77.5% homology. One cluster contained 11 strains isolated from diarrheal patients, foods, and animals. The other cluster comprised 10 strains from patients and environment. Conclusions: In a large outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 infection among predominantly elderly residents in Xuzhou, high rates of carriage of E. coli O157: H7 among host animals most likely resulted in contamination of the environment, thereby leading to the outbreak. Effective and preventive control measures should be taken to avoid contamination, including environmental and family health improvement, good personal hygiene, and safe food handling practices.

Abstract:Establishing and perfecting the new pattern rural cooperative medical system not only was one of the important tasks on new rural construction of socialism in China, but also was the essence of the construction on harmonious society of socialism. This article had analyzed and discussed the necessity and feasibility on new pattern rural cooperative medical system, and proposed the path choice of legislation on new pattern rural cooperative medical system, which should be a multiple-echelon, several kinds and united legal institntion.

Abstract:Objective:To construct a plasmid pET28-NS1 for expression of nonstructural protein(NS1) of murine influenza virus FM1 in E.coli and utilize the NS1 protein in serological detection for differentiating infected from vaccinated mice. Methods:The NS1 gene of murine influenza virus A/FortMonmouth/1/47(FM1) was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pET28a to construct a recombinant expression plasmid, named pET28-NS1. The constructed vector was identified by PCR, enzyme digestion and nucleotide sequences analysis after being transformed into E.coli BL21. Induced by IPTG, the recombinant protein was analysed by Western blot and purified with Ni+ affinity chromatography. Based on the purified recombinant protein, an indirect ELISA assay for detection of anti-NS1 protein antibody(NS1-ELISA) was developed. The sera of virus-infected mice and vaccinated mice were detected at 7,15 and 30 day, respectively, and data were analyzed by SPSS13.0. In the end, The new assay was methodologically evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. Results:The recombinant plasmid was constructed correctly. SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis showed that the recombinant protein was highly expressed by inclusion body and its molecular weight was about 26 ku as expected. NS1-ELISA indicated that the purified protein reacted with the sera of mice experimentally infected with FM1, but not with those of the mice immunized with the inactivated viruses. Conclusion:The result demonstrated that the NS1-ELISA assay could differentiate infected from vaccinated mice on the basis of anti-NS1 antibody.

Abstract:Objective: To evaluate the effects of polymorphisms in TLR7 and TLR8 (as potential candidate genes) on asthma risk and asthma-related phenotypes.Methods: We consecutively recruited 318 unrelated adult asthmatic patients and 352 healthy volunteers from the same area of southeast China. Genotyping of each selected SNP was performed using multiplex PCR in conjunction with tagged array single base extension technology. We conducted case-control and case-only association studies between the selected SNPs in TLR7 and TLR8 and asthma or asthma-related phenotypes.Results: The T allele of rs5935436 SNP in TLR7 was protective from developing asthma in males (adjusted ORs = 0.126, 95% CIs = 0.016-0.995). The CT/TT genotype of rs5935436 was less frequent in female asthmatics with allergic rhinitis (adjusted ORs = 0.18, 95% CIs = 0.04-0.90). The homozygote AA of rs3761623 and GG of rs3764880 were positively associated with lower FEV1% and asthma severity in female asthmatics. These results were confirmed by haplotype analysis.Conclusion: TLR7 and TLR8 polymorphisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma that is gender-dependent. This could be clinically useful, both for identifying patients at risk of asthma and for preventing its occurrence.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the expression of endocan and FLK-1 in NSCLC, and to explore the correlation with angiogenesis and other clinical pathophysiological characteristics of NSCLC. Methods:The expression of endocan was detected by using immunofluorescence technique in 60 specimens of NSCLC and 21 specimens of adjacent non-cancerous tissues as control group. Immunohistochemical S-P method was performed to estimate the expression of FLK-1 and MVD. Results:The endocan-positive rate was 78.33%(47/60) in NSCLC group and 14.29%(3/21) in control group. The positive rate of FLK-1 was 71.67%(43/60)in NSCLC group and 19.05%(4/21) in control group. There was a significant difference between them(χ2 = 27.01,17.68; all P < 0.05). In stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ and Ⅲ+Ⅳ of NSCLC, the positive rates of endocan were 67.64%(23/34) and 92.30%(24/26) while the positive rates of FLK-1 were 58.82%(20/34) and 88.46%(23/26). The differences of endocan and FLK-1 expression between stageⅠ+Ⅱ and Ⅲ+Ⅳ were significant respectively(χ2=5.28, 6.37, all P < 0.05). In the group with lymph node metastasis and the group without lymph node metastasis, the positive rates of endocan were 84.78%(39/46) and 57.14%(8/14), the positive rates of FLK-1 were 80.43%(37/46) and 42.86%(6/14). The differences of endocan and FLK-1 expression between the two groups were also significant respectively(χ2 = 4.83,7.46,all P < 0.05). The MVDs in the endocan-positive group and the endocan-negative group were 25.16 ± 5.12 and 18.97 ± 3.28 respectively, the difference was significant(t = 4.52, P < 0.05). The MVDs in the FLK-1-positive group and the FLK-1-negative group were 24.65 ± 4.34 and 18.92 ± 3.35 respectively, the difference was also significant(t = 5.23,P < 0.05). There was positive correlation between the expressions of endocan and FLK-1 in NSCLC(r = 0.8889, P < 0.05). However, The positive rates of endocan were 77.42%(24/31) in adenocarcinoma, 80.00%(20/25) in squamous cell carcinoma and 75.00%(3/4) in large cell lung cancer. The positive rates of FLK-1 were 70.96%(22/31) in adenocarcinoma,72.00%(18/25) in squamous cell carcinoma and 75.00%(3/4) in large cell lung cancer. There was no significant difference among them(χ2=3.63,1.79, all P > 0.05). Conclusion:Endocan and FLK-1 might play very important roles in tumor angiogenesis in NSCLC.

Abstract:This article explored strategies to promote the migrant workers’ health, satisfy their medical insurance and improve the medical insurance system by means of studing quite a lot of questions existed in present medical service. The ultimate aim would be the realization of harmonious medical insurance in the whole society.

Abstract:The reform that the proprietary rights of public hospital were separated from operating rights was a positive attempt. The article mainly introduced the concrete practising situation of the reform and analyzed it by the related knowledge on economical law. Moreover, it also proposed some thoughts and suggestions.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of glucocorticoid on the expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the pig iliac artery endothelial cell(PIEC) under hyperglycemia expression. Methods:PIEC were incubated at a different concentration of glucocorticoid under hyperglycemia(30 mmol/L),the expression of 11β-HSD1,11β-HSD2 were measured by RT-PCR technique, the protain expression of 11β-HSD1,11β-HSD2 were measured by Western-blot technique. Results:Under hyperglycemia, glucocorticoid can upregulate the expression of 11β-HSD1 mRNA and protein(P < 0.05) compared with the control group,and increased with the concertration of cortisone. The expression of 11β-HSD2 mRNA and protein had not change with the concentration of cortisol. Conclusion: High glucose and glucocorticoid can increase the expression of 11β-HSD1 mRNA and protein.

Abstract:Objective: To explore the relationships between the daily total intake of fluoride, dental fluorosis and dental caries. Methods: An epidemiological method was used to investigate the daily total intake of fluoride, dental fluorosis, and dental caries among 236 and 290 children aged 8-13 years in a severe endemic area and in a non-fluorosis control area, respectively. The children were divided into eight subgroups according to each child’s estimated daily total intake of fluoride. The prevalence of dental fluorosis and dental caries in each group was calculated. Results: As expected, elevated levels of fluoride intake were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of dental fluorosis and an increasing amount of more severe defect dental fluorosis. When the daily total F intake was 2.78 mg/child/day, the prevalence of dental fluorosis was nearly 100%, with the prevalence of defect dental fluorosis increasing with increasing fluoride intake. There was also a significant negative (inverse) dose-response relationship between the daily total intake of fluoride and the overall prevalence of dental caries, the prevalence of which decreased when the daily total intake of fluoride increased up to 3.32 mg/child/day. However, at higher levels of daily total intake of fluoride the prevalence of dental caries increased, giving rise to a U-shaped dose-response relationship curve. Conclusion: It is important to monitor total fluoride exposure and protect children from excessive fluoride intake, especially during the years of tooth development.

Abstract:Objective: To explore the effect of current medical insurance system on the elderly patients’ hospitalization costs, and to provide support for building a reasonable payment mechanism. Methods: Data of the hospitalization costs of elderly patient from January to April in 2008 were examined. The proportion of the costs was analysed. Results: The elderly patients were heavily burdened with medical costs, especially for the patients with non-medical insurance. The medical services gained by the patients were reduced with the age growing. Conclusion: A new medical aid system for the elderly should be set up in order to relieve the burden of the costs.

Abstract:Objective:To study the effect of edaravone on contents of SOD,MDA and the expression of BDNF(brain-derived neurotrophic factor) in cerebral cortex after MCAO/R(middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion) injury and its possible mechanisms in rats. Methods:A total of 72 healthy male rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group(n = 24), control group(n = 24) and edaravone treated group(n = 24). Each group was further divided into 6 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h subgroups. The levels of SOD and MDA on each subgroup were examined. RT-PCR and Western-blot were used to detect the expression of BDNF mRNA and protein, respectively. Results:The contents of MDA and SOD were statistically significantly different between edaravone treated group and control group(P < 0.05). The expression of BDNF mRNA was statistically significantly different between edaravone therapy group and control group, so was the expression of BDMF protein levels. Conclusion:Edaravone is a potent scavenger of free radicals. Edaravone increased the expression of BDNF after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which would play a new role in its neuroprotection.

Abstract:Objectives:To investigate the method of preparing a new acellular tissue scaffold of porcine thoracic aorta. Methods: One hundred and fifty fresh thoracic aorta specimens from chinese experiment swine with similar body weight were divided into five groups: fresh thoracic aorta group, decellularisation group with ultrasound wave(90 kW) and TritonX-100, decellularisation group with ultrasound wave(135 kW) and TritonX-100, decellularisation group with ultrasound wave(180 kW) and TritonX-100 and decellularisation group with TritonX-100. The histopathology and microstructure of these processed aortic tissues were studied with light microscope and scanning electronic microscope. As biomarkers of extracellular matrix, laminin and fibronectin on the processed tissue specimen were stained with immunohistochemical methods. In addition, the biomechanic properties and heat shrinkage properties of tissue specimen in each group were studied and compared. Results:In the acellular scaffold group prepared with ultrasound wave and TritonX-100, cells could be removed thoroughly,tissue structure and biomechanics were normal, and conservation of LN and FN was better than traditional chemical decellularisation methods. Conclusion:The new tissue scaffold prepared with ultrasound wave and TritonX-100 would be better than that with traditional chemical decellularisation methods. It could be a superior method in processing acellular thoracic aortic scaffold.

Abstract:Continuously increasing medical cost payed by the patient with medical insurance had been catching enough attentions lately. Hospitals were the principal providers of medical services and also the main users of medical insurance funds. In order to protect the patients’ benefits and to promote the scientifically healthy growth of the hospitals and medical insurance, the article analyzed the causes of such raise, respecting the rational reasons while controling the unreasonable cost.

Abstract:Objective:Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common birth defect with unclear etiology. Both genetic and environmental factors may contribute to NSCL/P. Many genes have been identified as candidate genes associated with this disease. Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) gene and transforming growth factor-a (TGFA) gene seem to be crucial in the predisposition of NSCL/P. Here we evaluated some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci of TGFA and IRF6 genes in Chinese nuclear families consisting of fathers, mothers and affected offspring with NSCL/P.Methods:Fifty patients of NSCL/P were confirmed by the plastic surgeons. They and their parents were included in the study, all with the informed consents. SNPs loci of TGFA and IRF6 genes were analyzed by microarray technology. Some PCR products were randomly chosen and sequenced to check microarray results. The distribution of gene type and allele frequency between patient group and parents group were compared. Then a Haplotype Relative Risk (HRR) and Transmission Disequilibrium Test (TDT) were performed. Results:The sequences of randomly selected PCR products were all consistent with the microarray results. All loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were no significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles between patients and their parents. Using HRR and TDT analyses the V274I of IRF6 was associated with NSCL/P, while another SNP locus of IRF6 was not. Strong evidence of linkage disequilibrium was found between the 2 SNP loci of TGFA and disease with the HRR analysis, but not with the TDT analysis.Conclusion:Our study confirms the contribution of IRF6 in the etiology of NSCL/P in populations of Asian ancestry. The association of TGFA with NSCL/P requires further research.

Abstract:Objective: To study the surgeons’ mental health and their coping strategies for occupyation stress and their correlation. Methods:A total 162 surgeons from different hospitals and offices with self-related health scale(SLC-90) and coping strategies scale were investigated. Results: According to the standard of SCL-90, 54 surgeons had different degree question of mental health, the rate of positive was 33.3%(men 37 and women 17). The total level of SCL-90 of surgeons and each element were positive correlation with the coping methods of mingle type and immature type(P < 0.01).

Abstract:Objective:To observe the role of calcium sensing receptor(CaSR) in apoptosis of rat cardiomyocyte induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R). Methods:After myocardial hypoxia/reoxygenation model was established by culturing primary myocardial cell of neonatal rat in vivo. The myocardial cells were divided into seven groups, the control group,H/R group,calcimimetic group(Ldcl3 group),inhibitor group,small-(10 ng/ml),middle-(20 ng/ml) and large-dose(40 ng/ml) of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) group. The apoptotic rate of myocardial cells was determined by TUNEL assay, the expression of TNF-α was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), and the level of serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) was measured by LDH kit. Results:In H/R and Ldcl3 group,there was significant increase in the apoptotic rate ,the levels of LDH and the expression of TNF-α compared to the control group(P < 0.01). However, the above indexes did not significantly decrease in inhibitor group, compared to Ldcl3 group, but significantly decreased in a dose-depended manner in HGF groups. Conclusion:CaSR activation may be partly associated with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by increasing oxidative damage, promoting the expression of inflammatory factor like TNF--琢 and causing intracellular calcium overload, which could accelerate apoptosis. However, HGF could suppress the myocytes apoptosis to protect cardiomyocyte in a dose-effect manner.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of simvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, on adiponectin and markers of endothelial function in apolipoprotein E -deficient mice at an early stage of atherosclerosis.Methods: Twenty-four 6-week old male apoE-deficient mice were randomly divided into two groups: control group (normal saline) and treatment group (simvastatin (5 mg/(kg·d)). Simvastatin was administered to treatment group mice by gavage and the same volume of normal saline was administered to control group mice by the same method for 4 weeks. Total cholesterol (TC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured by biochemical analysis, and adiponectin was measured by an ABC-ELISA method. Results : There was no significant difference in serum TC between control and treatment groups. Compared with the control animals, simvastatin-treated animals exhibited a significant increase in serum levels of adponectin, SOD and NO, and decrease in serum MDA (P <0.01).Conclusion: Simvastatin protects endothelial function by increasing serum adiponectin, which may increase serum SOD and NO, and decrease serum MDA. This study suggests that simvastatin has therapeutic advantages, unrelated to its cholesterol-lowering effect, that are mediated by adiponectin.

Abstract:Objective: Interleukin-8 (IL-8) represents the prototypical chemokine that is made by a wide variety of cell types. Previously studies have suggested that angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in atherogenesis through induction of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), while the role of Ang II on IL-8 expression in VSMCs is poorly studied. Methods: In this study, VSMCs were isolated from the thoracic aorta of Sprague-Dawley rats. The expression of smooth muscle α-actin was confirmed by an immunocytochemical method. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses were conducted to detect IL-8 expression. Results: In the present study we found that Ang II significantly increased the expression of IL-8 both at the mRNA and protein levels in rat VSMCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Conclusion: These findings suggested that Ang II may participate in atherosclerosis through induction of inflammatory mediator in VSMCs.

Abstract:With development of the reform of appointment system in institutions of higher education, the annual work assessment of college faculty became highly significant in the field of personnel management. The author analyzed the current situation, problems and countermeasures of the annual work assessment in the institutions of higher education and beleved it was necessary to establish a scientific evaluation system which conformed to college faculty.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the effects of imiquimod on airway hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in an asthmatic mouse model. Methods:Mice were randomly divided into a control group(A group), an asthmatic group(B group) and an imiquimod group(C group), each in ten. Mice were sensitized on days 0 and 14 by OVA and challenged from days 24 to 51 by OVA repeatedly to establish a chronic asthmatic model. C group were interfered with aerosol Imiquimod 30 min before challenge. A group was treated with saline instead of OVA. The airway resistance(Re) was measured with pulmonary function meter. Bronchial alveolar lavage fluid was performed and cell differential was examined by Wright-Giemsa staining; the vascular counts were measured by image analysis system. The protein expression of VEGF was determined by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression of VEGF was detected by RT-PCR. Results:Re of B group was higher than A group(P < 0.05), Re of C group was reduced compared with B group(P < 0.05). Total cell counts, EOS and lymphocyte in B group were higher than those in A group(P < 0.05),while decreased in C group(P < 0.05). in B group, the expressions of VEGF and mRNA increased when compared with A group(P < 0.05),and decreased in C group(P < 0.05). Conclusion:The experimental data suggest that imiquimod aerosol inhalation may inhibit airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling, decrease the protein and mRNA expressions of VEGF in a mouse model of chronic asthma.

Abstract:Cultivation of the university students’social responsibility was the important content of the ideological and political education. This article compared quantificationally the level of the university students’social responsibility in four respective stages with the fuzzy appraisal method and described the development curve of social responsibility in the university stage in order to provide evidence for methods and pertinence of enhancing the university students’social responsibility.

Abstract:Objective: Throughout the world, fetal growth restriction (FGR) is one of the most severe complications occurring during pregnancy. It is subsequently associated with neurologic abnormalities in chldren. Our aim was to investigate the spatial learning and memory ability of rat offspring born with FGR. Methods: A rat model of FGR was constructed using the method of passive smoking. Spatial learning and memory were studied in rat offspring born with FGR by assessing the animals’ performance using the Morris water maze task. Results: At 1- and 2- months of age, both female and male offspring rats showed impairment of performance, while at 4 months of age, only female rats showed impaired performance. The FGR offspring spent a longer time swimming and used inefficient strategies (p<0.05, respectively). However, there were no significant maze performance FGR effects in the 4 month old male rats. In all groups of FGR offspring, irrespective of age or sex, the time spent in the platform quadrant by the rat was significantly less than that in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The Morris water maze performance decreased in rat offspring born with FGR. It is suggested that FGR can cause impairments of spatial learning and memory in young animals.

Abstract:Objective:To indentify the expression of transcription factor GATA-3 and T-bet in asthmatic mice and observe the change of T-bet/GATA-3 balance interfered by dexamethasone. Methods:The BLAB/C mice asthma model was induced by classic method with ovalbumin; Twenty-four male mice were randomly divided into a control group, an asthmatic group and a dexamthasone(DEX)-treated asthmatic group in which mice were injected with dexamthasone(2 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The pathological changes of lung were measured by HE staining, the expression of GATA-3 and T-bet mRNA of lung were measured by RT-PCR. The levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ in mice spleen CD4+T cell were measured by flow cytometry. Results:In the asthmatic group, the expression of GATA-3 mRNA and the level of IL-4 were significantly elevated compared to those in the control group(P < 0.05), the expression of T-bet mRNA and the level of IFN-γ were decreased compared to those in the control group(P < 0.05;P < 0.01). Both of GATA-3 and T-bet mRNA decreased after DEX treatment, and the decreasing degree of GATA-3 was more than that of T-bet. The expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ were depressed simultaneously and the downregulation of IL-4 was more than that of IFN-γ after DEX treatment. Conclusion:The imbalance of transcription factor GATA-3 and T-bet had a closely correlation with the airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. DEX could reverse the ration of IL-4/IFN-γ and regulate the balance of Th1 and Th2 through inhibiting both GATA-3 and T-bet.

Abstract:Objective: To explore daily psychological problems of fresher and promote their health improvement; Methods: 567 assignments of students was analyzed; Results: The freshmen mostly paid attention to the problems about interpersonal interaction, life and learning; Conclusion: They changed a lot in opinion, adapted themselves to the new environment, and they were deficient in cognition at the same time.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the relationship between sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and some cardiovascular disorders in adult habitual snorers as well as the effectiveness of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on those with OSAHS. Methods:With the use of polysomnography, 262 adult habitual snorers were examined and divided into the OSAHS group and the Non-OSAHS group (control). Using ambulatory electrocardiogram and blood pressure measurement, daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure, hypertension, heart rate variability, some arrythmias and angina pectoris of coronary heart disease were monitored and compared between the two groups, before and after 14 days of treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure in the OSAHS group. Results:This study indicated a higher incidence (39.6%) of OSAHS in adult snorers and demonstrated that there was a significantly higher incidence of hypertension, disappearance of the daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure, poor effectiveness of nitrate on angina pectoris of coronary heart disease, decreased heart rate variability during sleep, increased arrythmias and lower SpO2 levels in the OSAHS group than in the Non-OSAHS group. After nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment during sleep, snoring control, significantly higher SpO2 and lower apnea hypopnea indices were achieved in the OSAHS group; heart rate variability and daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure returned to normal levels.Conclusion:The results of this research suggested that there was a close relationship between the development of OSAHS and some cardiovascular disorders. Furthermore, nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment was effective not only on OSAHS but also on coexisting cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract:Objective:To compare the effects of intermittent high blood glucose on insulin release and insulin sensitivity in GK rats. Methods:Twenty-two male GK rats were randomly divided into 2 groups,which were consistent high blood glucose group(HG) and intermittent high blood glucose group(FG). Eleven male wistar rats were used as normal glucose controls(NG). The fluctuant high blood glucose animal model was induced by intrapentoneal injection of insulin and glucose at different time for 6 weeks. After the introperitoneal injection, glucose tolerance test was performed and the animals were taken blood and the area under curve of glucose(AUCG) was calculated routinly. Then glucose stimulated insulin secretion(GSIS) test in vitro was carried out and mRNA level of pdx-1,insulin-1 and insulin-2 were determined semi-quantitatively by RT-PCR. Results:①After 6 weeks of experiment, there was no difference in body weight between FG and HG group(P > 0.05);②The fasting glucose level of FG group was higher than that of HG group(P < 0.05); After glucose charge, glucose level of the FG group at 15,30,60 and 120 min were significantly higher than those of control group(P < 0.05) and AUCG was also markedly elevated(P < 0.05);③The stimulating index of islets in vitro of HG group was significantly higher than that of FG group(P < 0.05); ④Compared with HG group mRNA level of pdx-1,insulin-1 and insulin-2 were decreased in FG group;⑤Insulin sensitivity of FG group rats was deteriorated and has a blunted glycemic response to insulin(P < 0.05). Conclusion:Continuous blood glucose variability could lead to impaired insulin releasing and deteriorated glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity which may accelerate insulin releasing defects.

Abstract:With the continuous expansion of the college instructional scales and the serious diversification of university graduates employment, the number of floating Party members in university graduates was increasing year by year. The establishment of a long-term education and management mechanism for floating Party members in university graduates was of great significance. Based on the analysis of the present situation, some countermeasures were put forward in order to strengthen the education and management of floating Party members in university graduates.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the effect of neural histamine in the tuberomammillary nucleus (TM) on neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) onset in rabbits and the function of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in the neural histamine modulation of NPE. Methods: NPE was produced by the intracisternal injections of fibrinogen and thrombin. The contents of histamine in the TM and RVLM in rabbits were measured with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Rabbits were placed on a stereotaxic frame and microinjection cannulae were inserted into the TM and RVLM using brain atlas coordinates. Animals were pretreated with R-α-methylhistamine (MeHA) in the TM and chlorphenamine Mmaleate/cimetidine in the RVLM prior to establishing the NPE model. Changes in the lung water ratio and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded, and paraffin sections of lung tissue were observed by light microscope. Results: We found that the contents of histamine (HA) in the TM and RVLM increased significantly with the onset of NPE. Pretreatment with MeHA in the TM and chlorphenamine Mmaleate in the RVLM significantly decreased MAP, and the lung water ratio and histological characteristics of the NPE in the rabbit model. Pretreatment with cimetidine in the RVLM had no effect on NPE.Conculsion:The results suggest that neural histamine in the TM is involved in the onset of NPE, and this effect of neural histamine is mediated by H1 receptor in the RVLM.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the protective effect of mycophenolate mofetil(MMF) on insulitis and pancreatic β-cell apoptosis in NOD mice. Methods:Twenty-two female NOD mice of eight-week age were randomly divided into the following two groups:the control group and the MMF-treated group. MMF(30 mg/kg) was administered daily by intragastric intubations throughout the experimental period(30 days) and the control group received an equivalent amount of 0.9% NaCl intragastrically. Before and during all experiments, blood glucose of all mice were assessed. Following treatment, five mice of each group were anaesthetized and then were killed to remove pancreas immediately. The rest mice were sacrificed when they got diabetes or twenty-week age. The degree of insulitis and the morphological changes of pancreatic β-cells apoptosis were determined by light microscope and TUNEL assay. Results:The concentration of blood glucose in MMF-treated group were as same as those in the control group before and during the experiment(P > 0.05). The insulitis scores and severity of insulitis and the percentage of β-cell apoptosis in the MMF-treated mice were significantly lower than those of the control group(P < 0.01). Conclusion:MMF treatment could ameliorate early pancreatic injury via the inhibition of insulitis and β-cell apoptosis in NOD mice. It suggests that MMF could be effective in delaying and preventing diabetes especially if treatment is started before the onset of diabetes.

Abstract:SCI impact factor (IF) was an important index for evaluating the levels of science papers and journals. Knowing conveniently and inquiring SCI IF in time would help researchers analyze the performance of scientific work and measure the competition of science and technology. The authors constructed the SCI IF query system based on the active servers pages (ASP) technique, and provided an efficient and convenience retrieval function for SCI IF.

Abstract:Objective: This paper was designed to confirm the efficacy of chewing carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTS)-containing gum in suppressing the growth of oral bacteria when compared to a CMCTS-containing mouth rinse. Methods: Fourteen healthy subjects were recruited from among the staff and students of Qingdao University Dentistry Department. Before the experiments saliva was collected from all subjects and bacteria counts determined. For the gum study, the subjects chewed CMCTS-containing gum for 5 min and then rested for 5 min. When testing the CMCTS mouth rinse, the subjects gargled with 10 mL of solution for 30 s, followed by resting for 9min 30 s. These protocols were repeated five times over a 50 min period on the same day. Post-experiment saliva samples were then collected at the following times: 0, 30 and 60 min.Results: Chewing gum containing CMCTS or rinsing with a CMCTS-containing rinse significantly decreased oral bacteria counts. The total bacteria counts, total Streptococci counts, and mutans streptococci counts of saliva from subjects who chewed CMCTS-containing gum were significantly lower than saliva from subjects in the rinse group in all three sampling periods, except in the case of the total bacteria count in the 60 min samples. Conclusion: CMCTS-containing gum chewing has a greater antibacterial effect than using a CMCTS-containing mouth rinse. The present findings strongly indicate that the application of natural materials such as chitosan and its derivatives is useful for better oral health.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the effect of AngiotensinⅣ(AngⅣ) on cognitive function of diabetic rat and the expression of receptor AT4. Methods:Forty SD male rats were randomly divided into the normal group, diabetic model group and AngⅣ treatment group. Streptozotocin-diabetic rat model was established. After 12 weeks of establishment, the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested by the Morris water maze. Then, AngⅣ was injected into the lateral ventricle of AngⅣ treatment group rats once a day for a week,and normal sodium was injected into diabetic model group rats for a week. The learning and memory abilities of rats were tested by the Morris water maze again. The mRNA and protein level of AT4 in hippocampus were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical method. Results:Compared with diabetic model group, the AngⅣ treatment group showed a significant decrease in the mean time of escape latencies(P < 0.05),and a increase in the number of passing the original platform position(P < 0.05). And the expression of AT4 receptor protein and mRNA in hippocampus were decreased significantly(P < 0.05). Conclusion:It was concluded that AngⅣ could improve cognitive ability in diabetic rat,perhaps the decrease of AT4 receptor expression would be one of the mechanism.

Abstract:The key point to elevate the undergraduate medical education level is how to make efficient use of science and technology research resource in higher medical institutions. By the analysis of concrete connotations, utilization status, and existing problems of science and technology research resource in medical universities and colleges, the authors propound that these resource should be effectively utilized by establishing related policies, creating multiple opportunities, completing supporting schemes and measures would greatly benefit our medical education.

Abstract:Objective: We have explored the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) in the pathogenesis of chronic glomerulonephritis, and investigated the effect of rhododendron root on the activation of NF-kB. Methods: Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, a glomerulonephritis model group and a therapy group (glomerulonephritis animals treated with the root of rhododendron). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) nephritis was induced by subcutaneous immunization and daily intraperitoneal administration of BSA. Twenty-four-hour urinary protein and serum creatinine values were measured, and renal pathology was assessed histologically by optical microscopy and electron microscopy. NF-κB activity was determined by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results: Compared with the control rats, glomerulonephritis model rats exhibited a significant increase in both 24h urinary protein and serum creatinine, and had abnormal renal histology. The administration of the root of rhododendron ameliorated these changes. NF-κB activity in glomerulonephritis model group was greater than that in rhododendron-treated group, and NF-κB activity was greater in both glomerulonephritis groups than in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: These observations suggest that NF-kB plays a role in the pathogenesis of chronic glomerulonephritis, and rhododendron root may attenuate renal damages by downregulating the activation of NF-kB in this model.

Abstract:Objective:Through the animal experiment model to observe the action of transcription factor GATA-3 in renal fibrosis,and through interfere in the signal iteral of renal fibrosis to get the deeper message of strategy and direction for reversal renal fibrosis. Methods:Thirty-six male specified-pathogens free Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups:the unilateral ureteral obstruction group and normal comparison group. The unilateral ureteral obstruction group according to the management agent was subdivided into three group:GATA-3 antisense oligonucleotide group(AS),GATA-3 nonsense oligonucleotide group(NS) and sodium chloride group. The nomal comparison group also adopt the same method divided into three groups. And at the time of study 1-7-14 d executed two rat of each subgroup. Histological changes of renal tubular interstitium were observed by HE and Masson staining. Iminunohistochemistry was performed on renal tissue for observe the expression of GATA-3- Smad7 and so on at each time point. RT-PCR to observe the expression of GATA-3-Smad7 mRNA in renal fibrosis and calculate gray scale. Results:Regardless of ureteral obstruction group and nomal comparison group ,the rat treated with GATA-3 antisense oligonucleotide observed that renal fibrosis little than other two treatment. Iminunohistochemistry observed that transcription factor GATA-3 expression in ureteral obstruction group and nomal group,RT-PCR further infirm that result. At Ureteral Obstruction group detect the expression of GATA-3 and Smad7 RNA;treated with GATA-3 antisense oligonucleotide observed that Smad7 expression in ureteral obstruction group and nomal comparison group even less than the other two treatment. Conclusion:Transcription factor GATA-3 through reduced the expression of Smad7 induced by BMP-7,and impaired the Smad7’s function blockade TGF-β signal transduction, to intensify the renal fibrosis generate and development,further infirmed that interfere in the transcription factor of renal fibrosis signal path to effect the fibrosis’s proceeding was feasible.

Abstract:This article analyzed the ideologies of biopsychosocial medical model in psychosomatic idea of traditional Chinese medicine,and indicated that conversion of modern medical model should pay attention to the revelation from therapy,prevention,health protection of psychosomatic idea of traditional Chinese medicine. In addition, the humanity connotation and ecological significance of traditional Chinese medicine was highly important.

Abstract:Objective:To study the effect of vitamin D on rat lung morphogenesis. Methods:Sprague-Dawley pregnant rats were divided into 3 groups randomly including normal control group, vitamin D deficiency experiment model group and intervention group, with 6 rats in each group. We fed the model and intervention groups with fodder without vitamin D away from light, while the control group received normal fodder and normal light for two weeks. Then the female rats in two groups copulated with normal male rats. On days E17d, E18d and E19d, each rat of the intervention group received intragastric administration with active vitamin D (0.5 mg/kg), and they regained light and normal fodder. The morphology of fetal rat lungs on E20d and the 1-day-old neonatal rat lungs were observed by light microscope and electronic microscope. Results:Under the light microscope, smaller alveolar space, smaller respiratory membrane’s diameter and thicker alveolus mesenchyma were shown in lungs of vitamin deficient model group compared with control group(P < 0.05). Significant difference was found between the model and intervention group in neonatal lung (P < 0.05) but not in E20d fetal lung(P > 0.05). With the electronic microscope, fewer lamellar bodies but more glycogen deposition in intracytoplasm were detected in the fetal lung of E20d in experimental model group than controls. While in the model group of 1d after birth, despite of the number, the lamellar bodies were not as condensed as control, empty lamellar bodies were found. However, such changes were less sever after the supplement of active vitamin D. Conclution:Vitamin D deficiency in generation could inhibit the development of rat lung morphogenesis. Supplement with active vitamin D may reverse the inhibition.

Abstract:The ecological predicament of moral education absence was analyzed sociologically in the article by reviewing current moral education in China. It suggested that a scientific ecosystem of moral education should be constructed, the ecological concept of moral education should be established, and the ecology of moral education should be built up both in theory and practice.

Abstract:Objective:To culture and identify endothelial cells from human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) in vitro. Methods:HUVECs were obtained using 0.1% collagenase typeⅡ by the technique of irrigative digestion, and were cultured with M199 which contained fetal calf serum in the carbon dioxide incubator,and then were passaged using tryple express digestion. The culture cells were identified by morphology and flow cytometry detecting CD34. Results:HUVECs could adhere to the plate completely after 24 hours and got a monolayer 3~5 days later. The culture cells were HUVECs confirmed by morphology and flow cytometry. Conclusion:Using collagenase typeⅡand tryple express could obtain a large number of HUVECs in continuous passage culture.

Abstract:Objective:To study the biotoxicity of chlorobenzene and some of the intermediate products. Methods:Mixture toxicity index(MTI) was used to evaluate the joint toxicity. Results:The results showed that the intermediates para benzoquinone had a higher toxicity, while the toxicity of the other intermediate products was much lower than that of chlorobenzene. The toxicity of intermediate products such as p-chlorophenol, hydroquinone and phenol was all decreased, and with the chloride ion substituted by the OH radicals, the phenyl broke down to the small molecules like organic acids, the toxicity of which was even more lower. Conclusion:The joint effects of the intermediate products were mostly additive action and synergistic action.

Abstract:Objective:To construct a high-flux screening procedure by on-line free radical scavenging activity method of phytochemicals, and create a new evaluation system of antioxidant activity of natural plant materials. Methods:A HPLC system with two detectors and flow injection techniques was employed. An organic free radicals DPPH was induced on-line HPLC-DPPH and reaction with the single phytochemical components isolated by HPLC. To optimize reactive conditions including flow rate and the size of reaction coil, and detect the DPPH signals before and after reaction. Results:A new on-line HPLC-DPPH method was established for a high-flux screening of several free radical scavenging components exampled as Tea polyphenols and Salvianolic acids. The reaction coil of PEEK was 10 m length and inner diameter 0.254 mm, the concentration and flow velocity of DPPH was 1.0 × 10-5mol/L and 0.7~0.8 ml/min, respectively. Conclusion:The PHLC-DPPH flow injection hyphenated technique could realize high-flux screening analysis for antioxidant of phytochemicals.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of malignant tumor with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods:We assembled a cohort of 201 dead patients from 2000 to 2005 who were diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus,and identified those who developed cancer at least six months after meeting criteria for diabetes. We analysed the distribution of malignant tumor in different systems and in various ages. Results:Of 201 diabetic subjects(75 female,126 male), 57 patients were diagnosed carcinoma. The group of 40~55 years were less likely to have cancer,and much more to use metformin. A larger proportion of those who developed malignant tumors were males. The probability of cancer in digestive system,blood system,respiratory system and urinary system went down sequencely. Cancer were identified in different time after the date diabetes criteria were met in different systems:only about 3 years of pancreatic cancer, about 11 years of colonic cancer and lung cancer, and the middle of other cancers. Conclusion:The incidence of cancer among persons with diabetes was significantly correlated with age and sex. The distributing characteristics of carcinoma associated with diabetes were different in different systems. Metformin may be associated with a decrease in risk of cancer of diabetes patients. But the dead ages of diabetes subjects with and without cancer were not different which need further researches.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of vasopressin on the hemodynamics in cardiac angioplastic bridge graft sugery (CABG). Methods:Twenty coronary artery disease(CAD) patients were randomly divided into two groups:norepinephrine group and vasopressin group. During the anesthesia and the operation, the central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure were maintained to 8~10 cmH2O, and the hemocrit was maintained above 30% through lactate ringer’s mixture, artifact colloid and red blood cells. The invasive artery blood pressure(IBP) was maintained by appropriate anesthetic depth and norepinephrine or vasopressin respectively. The target IBP was 70 mmHg, and heart rate(HR) was 60 bpm. The MAP,HR,ST-T,CVP,PAP,PCWP,SVR,PVR,CO, urine output, blood gas analysis, surgery duration and blood loss were monitored. Results:The MAP,HR,and ST-T was stable in either group during the operation. CVP, PCWP and SVR increased but CI deceased during the posterior descending artery (PDA) was grafted in both groups and without any significant difference between them. PAP increased during PDA was grafted in either group and there was significant difference between the two groups. PVR increased during ADA and PDA were grafted in norepinephrine group but not in vasopressin group. Betaloc usage was 11.2 mg and 5.9 mg in norepinephrine group and vasopressin group respectively. Conclusion:Vasopressin can stabilize the hemodynics in CABG surgery better than norepinephrine.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the differences of the anorectal motility and perception among functional constipation subtypes. Methods:Functional constipation was categorized according to colon transit time(CTT) and transit index(TI). Four types were divided:normal transit constipation(NTC),slow transit constipation(STC),outlet obstructive constipation(OOC),and mixed type constipation(MC). Anorectal manometry was carried out in all subjects to investigate the anorectal motility and sensory function in patients and the controls. Results:Compared with controls,(1)anal resting pressure in FC patients was significantly higher,while the defecation thresholds and the pressure of urgency were much lower.(2)All subtypes of FC displayed significantly lower anal resting pressure;The defecation thresholds and the pressure of urgency of NTC and OOC were significantly increased ,while STC displayed lower minimum relaxation volume,first sensation,and higher defecation thresholds;No significant difference among four subtypes. Conclusion:(1)Abnormality of anorectal motility and perception is an important pathogenesis of FC;(2)According to the similarity among different groups,there might be some connection in pathomechanism between NTC and OOC;(3)The pathogenesis of STC is complicated. Lots of motility factors should be contributed to its pathogenesis.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the change of CD4+CD25+ T regulation cells in peripheral blood in children with asthma. Methods:CD4+CD25+FOXP3 T regulate cells in children with asthma were measured by intracellular 3-colour flow cytometry in peripheral blood cells in children with asthma. Results:There were similar frequencies of CD4+CD25+ T cells in peripheral blood of asthma children and health control. However, the quantity of CD4+CD25+FOXP3 T regulate cells was decreased significantly in peripheral blood of patients with asthma in comparison with that of normal controls(P < 0.01). Conclusion:The proportion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3 T regulate cells decreased in children with asthma, which might contribute to the pathological process of such disease.