Abstract:Objective:To investigate the etiological role of the Val384Asp in hMLH1 gene in familial colorectal cancer. Methods:a 1∶2 matched case-control study was conducted in three of the high gastrointestinal cancer incidence areas in Jiangsu. Subjects included 33 familial colorectal cases,66 sporadic cases and 66 health individual controls. Peripheral white blood cell DNA was obtained from all subjects. hMLH1 gene T1151A was analysed using a PCR-based DHPLC,and the existence of Val384Asp was verified by DNA sequencing. Bioinformatics software was used to analysis the etiological mechanism of Val384Asp. Results:There was no statistical difference in the genotype frequencies of the Val384Asp between the cases and controls(P > 0.05). The significant difference existed between the old patients (onset age≥50)with familial colorectal cancer and the health controls(P < 0.05);Bioinformatics software analysis showed Val384Asp was a conserved variant between species and may impair hMLH1 protein function;the allete transverse of T→A may disrupt pre-mRNA splicing. Conclusion:These findings suggested that the Val384Asp may not be associated with genetic susceptibility to colorectal cancer in the genealogical members of familial colorectal cancer,but have a strong relationship with the morbidity of old patients in this group;and be associated with disrupting of protein function or pre-mRNA splicing.

Abstract:Epicurean was a well-known late Greek philosopher. He inherited Democritus’s atomic theory,starting from the sensationalism,beginning with happiness and joy which also as the goal,pursuing physical pain-free and spiritual non-turbulence. He himself accepting life and death lightly and calmly that was a positive significance to cultivate a correct outlook on life and values.

Abstract:Spinal cord injury disrupts the connections between the brain and spinal cord, often resulting in the loss of sensory and motor function below the lesion site. The most important reason for such permanent functional deficits is the failure of injured axons to regenerate after injury. In principle, the functional recovery could be achieved by two forms of axonal regrowth: the regeneration of lesioned axons which will reconnect with their original targets and the sprouting of spared axons that form new circuits and compensate for the lost function. Our recent studies reveal the activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, a major regulator of new protein synthesis, as a critical determinant of axon regrowth in the adult retinal ganglion neurons[1]. In this review, I summarize current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control the intrinsic regenerative ability of mature neurons.

Abstract:From the perspective of an ethic of care, the article explored the motivation and purpose of female volunteers,the moral conflict and choice they encountered in services,and the difficulties,insistence,effects and changes of themselves by means of empirical analysis. There were many social and cultural factors affecting the female volunteers in the process of their voluntary activities. As a kind of civic virtues ethic of care deserved more attention and further research.

Abstract:Cardiolipin (CL) is a phospholipid exclusively localized in inner mitochondrial membrane where it is required for oxidative phosphorylation, ATP synthesis, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. The biological functions of CL are thought to depend on its acyl chain composition which is dominated by linoleic acids in metabolically active tissues. This unique feature is not derived from the de novo biosynthesis of CL, rather from a remodeling process that involves in phospholipases and transacylase/acyltransferase. The remodeling process is also believed to be responsible for generation of CL species that causes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. CL is highly sensitive to oxidative damages by reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to its high content in polyunsaturated fatty acids and location near the site of ROS production. Consequently, pathological remodeling of CL has been implicated in the etiology of mitochondrial dysfunction commonly associated with diabetes, obesity, heart failure, neurodegeneration, and aging that are characterized by oxidative stress, CL deficiency, and abnormal CL species. This review summarizes recent progresses in molecular, enzymatic, lipidomic, and metabolic studies that support a critical regulatory role of pathological CL remodeling as a missing link between oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic diseases and aging.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the expression level of Met in human gastric cancer,and compare the effects of mouse anti-human Met monoclonal antibody Met4 with that of commercial rabbit anti-human Met polyclonal antibody C28(sc-161,Santa Cruz,USA)on detection of the formalin-treated Met protein in tissue microarrays(TMA) of human gastric cancer. Methods:Standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) method of Met4 and C28 was used to analyze the expression of Met in TMA of gastric cancer. The reactivity efficacies of Met4 and the polyclonal antibody C28 were compared. Results:The expression of Met in membrane on cytoplosm had no significant difference among various pathological stages of cancer(P > 0.05). Met exhibited a combined membranous and (or) cytoplasmic pattern stained by Met4,while analysied by C28,Met staining revealed positive signals in cytoplasm of tumor cells. The subcellular localizations of Met were disclosed differently by these two antibodies. The positive expression rate of Met detected by Met4 was significantly higher than that by C28(P < 0.05). In Met4-staining group,14 of 21 cases with Met positive expression in primary tumor exhibited Met positive expression in its lymph metastases simultaneously. The similar result was displayed in C28 group. The elevated expression of Met in primary gastric cancer may predict tumor lymphatic metastatic potential. Conclusion:Overexpression of Met in primary gastric cancer may be associated with lymphatic metastasis of tumor. Met4 can work as anuseful reagent for tumor diagnosis and targeted therapy.

Abstract:Dragon Boat Festival originated from criterions and customs with modern preventive health which resulted from ancient people’s profound observation and experience of“evil-days”seasons with hope of“remove evil and disaster”. Folk activities of Dragon Boat Festival absorb nutrients from the Chinese medicine civilization,forming a mystery and rational medical concept of ancient social health. Dragon Boat Festival is a ancient preventive health festival with deep and broad public awareness.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the expression of survivin,cyclin D1 in human colorectal carcinoma and their relationship with clinicopathological features. Methods:The mRNA expression of survivin and cyclin D1 was determined by real-time quantitative PCR in 43 colorectal carcinoma tissues and para-carcinoma normal tissues. Subsequently,Western blot was used to quantitatively analyze the protein levels in colorectal carcinoma tissues and para-carcinoma normal tissues,respectively. Results:Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis revealed that survivin,cyclin D1 expression were also higher in colorectal carcinoma tissues than those in the paraneoplastic colorectal tissues(P < 0.01). There were no significant correlation between the copies of survivin,cyclin D1 and gender,age,tumor location,tumor size and depth of invasion(P > 0.05),but related to TNM stage and lymph node metastases,significantly(P < 0.05). Conclusion:Based on these findings,overexpression of survivin and cyclin D1 in the colorectal carcinoma suggested they may be participating in the genesis and development of colorectal carcinoma. Survivin and cyclin D1 could be useful tumor markers and prognostic factors for colorectal carcinoma.

Abstract:As dominant side in medical practice,active measures taken to establish precaution mechanism against medical disputes is a key element for medical institution to keep away medical disputes,such as strengthening professional ethics,promoting professional technique level,respecting patient’s rights,strengthening management of medical records,correcting medical information asymmetry,and thinking much of doctor-patient communication.

Abstract:Over the last decade, there has been a flurry of research on adjuvants for vaccines, and several novel adjuvants are now licensed products or in late stage clinical development. The success of adjuvants in enhancing the immune response to antigens has led many researchers to re-focus their vaccine development programs. Although several vaccine candidates have been tested against leishmaniasis, there is yet no effective vaccine against this parasitic disease. Recent research has documented that efforts to develop effective Leishmania vaccine have been limited due to lack of an appropriate adjuvant. In view of this, this review paper outlines some of the adjuvants that have been used in Leishmania vaccine candidates and cites a few of the responses obtained from these studies. The aim of the present review is to consolidate these findings to facilitate the application of these adjuvants in general and experimental vaccinology.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the influence of food taken at different time in absorption of rabeprazole enteric-coated capsules in healthy volunteers. Methods:Two volunteers were enrolled in the study,and they were given rabeprazole enteric-coated capsules (20mg) at two different time points successively by own control,and took standard breakfast 2 or 4 hours after administration. Results:The pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:Cmax:(263.0±32.8)ng/ml and(360.6±105.0)ng/ml;Tmax:(6.5±0.7)h and(3.8±0.4)h;t1/2:(3.2±0.21)h and(1.60±0.05)h;AUC0-10:(1203.1±228.0)μg·h/L and (1108.7±267.4)μg·h/L. Conclusion:The absorption of rabeprazole enteric-coated capsule was influenced by food,and Cmax was increased apparently.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of simvastatin at different concentrations on the proliferation and paracrine functions of BMSCs in vitro and explore its possible mechanism. Methods:BMSCs were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats and expanded by whole bone marrow adherence culture method. Cells of 3 passage,which were at logarithmic phase,were used in experiment. BMSCs were cultured in serum-free medium for 12 hours,then incubated with various concentrations of simvastatin for 24 hours. The influences of simvastatin on BMSCs’ proliferation were assayed with CCK-8 assay,and their mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and Hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) were detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Besides,Western-blot used to investigate the pAkt and Akt expressions in BMSCs. Results:Simvastatin in a certain range of concentration (0.001 μmol/L ~0.100 μmol/L) significantly increased proliferation and paracrine (VEGF and HGF) functions of BMSCs in vitro(P < 0.01). Simvastatin at 0.01 μmol/L concentration reached the maximum effects on the proliferation and paracrine functions of BMSCs. While the concentrations of simvastatin were more than 0.01 μmol/L,the improvement effects showed a tendency to decline. Simvastatin at 1.000 μmol/L concentration had no significant effect on promoting proliferation of BMSCs,but significantly increased the VEGF and HGF mRNA expression compared with that of the control group. Both pAKt expression and pAKt/AKt ratio in BMSCs were significantly higher than those in the control group after 0.01 μmol/L simvastatin treatment(P < 0.01). Conclusion:Simvastatin in a certain concentration range could improve BMSCs’ proliferation and paracrine capabilities,and the Akt pathway might be involved in the mechanism.

Abstract:The authors analyzed the adverse drug reactions relief system and explored each validity of four countries including the United States,Germany,Japan and Sweden. It provided some references for our research of adverse drug reaction relief system of China,and helped promoting our legislation and practice of adverse drug reaction relief system.

Abstract:In the process of enforcing the law, we usually meet the conditions that the drug managing enterprises supply veterinary drugs, as well as the veterinary drug managing enterprises supply drugs. The article,firstly,expounded how to get the drug managing right and the veterinary drug managing right,together with their each managing scope,and then approached how to punish the behaviors of managing drugs or veterinary drugs against regulations. At last, some suggestions were draw to help supervising the drug managing enterprises by law preferably.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate effects of prenatal single-dose administration of dexamethasone and ambroxol on pulmonary morphology of fetal and neonate rats. Methods:Thirty-six pregnant rats were randomly assigned to two groups:the treatment group (n=9) and the control group (n=9). On day 17 of pregnancy,the rats in the treatment group were injected intraperitoneally with dexamethasone and ambroxol,while the rats in the control group were injected intraperitoneally with equivalent volumes of isotonic saline. The histologic structures of lungs of each group were observed with light microscope and trans-mission electron microscope on day 19 of pregnancy,postnatal days 3 and 7,respectively. The differences of pulmonary morphogenesis between two groups on different periods were studied. Results:(1) Under the light microscope:lungs in the treatment group had more alveolar numbers (P < 0.05),larger alveolar space (P < 0.01),and thinner alveolar septum (P < 0.01) compared with the control group on day 19 of pregnancy;lungs in the treatment group had larger alveolar space (P < 0.05),thinner alveolar septum (P < 0.05),while alveolar numbers had no significant difference (P > 0.05) compared with the control group on postnatal day 3;lungs in the treatment group had larger alveolar space (P < 0.05),thinner alveolar septum (P < 0.05),while alveolar numbers had no significant difference (P > 0.05) compared with the control group on postnatal day 7;(2) Under the electronic microscope:villi of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells in the treatment group were denser and more integral than those in the control group;the lamellar body could be seen in the treatment group while hardly in the control group on day 19 of pregnancy. There were many lamellar bodies in both groups,while lamellar bodies in the treatment group were more anachromasis and condensed compared with the control group on the postnatal 3 days and 7 days. There were also many cellular organs such as bioblast in endochylema of the treatment group on the postnatal 3 days and 7 days. Conclusion:Prenatal single-dose administration of dexamethasone and ambroxol can promote lung maturation not only of fetal rats but also of neonate rats,without obvious harmful effects.

Abstract:Objective: Nanoparticles are becoming an important method of targeted drug delivery. To evaluate the importance of folate-conjugated human serum albumin (HSA) magnetic nanoparticles (Folate-CDDP/HSA MNP), we prepared drug-loaded Folate-CDDP/HSA MNPs and characterized their features. Methods: First, folate was conjugated with HSA under the effect of a condensing agent, and the conjugating rate was evaluated by a colorimetric method using 2, 4, 6 - trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Second, under N2 gas, Fe3O4 magnetic nanomaterials were prepared and characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SEM-EDS and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Finally, Folate-CDDP/HSA MNP was prepared by using a solvent evaporation technique. TEM was used to observe particle morphology. The particle size and distribution of the prepared complexes were determined by a Laser particle size analyzer. Drug loading volume and drug release were investigated by a high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) in vitro. Results: We successfully prepared folate-conjugated HSA and its conjugating rate was 27.26 μg/mg. Under TEM, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were highly electron density and had an even size distribution in the range of 10-20 nm. It was confirmed by SEM-EDS and XRD that Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles had been successfully prepared. Under TEM, drug-loaded magnetic nanoparticles were observed, which had a round shape, similar uniform size and smooth surface. Their average size was 79 nm which was determined by laser scattering, and they exhibited magnetic responsiveness. Encapsulation efficiency was 89.75% and effective drug loading was calculated to be 15.25%. The release results in vitro showed that the half release time (t1/2) of cisplatin in cisplatin Solution and Folate-CDDP/HSA MNP was 65 min and 24 h respectively, which indicated that microspheres had an obvious effect of sustained-release. Conclusion: Folate-CDDP/HSA MNPs were prepared successfully. The preparation process and related characteristics data provided a foundation for further study, including the mechanism of the nanoparticles distribution in vivo and their intake by tumor cells.

Abstract:Objective:To study the expression of BMP-2,Cbfa1 and Dmp1 on the femurs of offspring,whose mother is deficient of vitamin D during pregwanoy. Methods:36 adult female SD rats were chosen and allocated randomly into control group(18 rats) and model group (18 rats). The control group received vitamin D fodder with normal solarization and the model group received non-vitamin D fodder without solarization for 2 weeks. Then the female rats in two groups copulated with normal male rats. The left femurs were collected from the 20-day embryos(E20 d),the 1-day(B1 d) and 7-day(B7 d) newborns respectively. The expressions of bone development-related genes BMP-2,Cbfa1 and Dmp1 were measured by Real-Time PCR. Results:The expressions of BMP-2,Cbfa1 and Dmp1 mRNA in the model group were lower than those of the control group on E20d,B1d and B7d,respective (P < 0.05). Conclusion:The changes of expressions of bone development-related genes BMP-2,Cbfa1 and Dmp1 on the femurs of offspring are due to vitamin D deficiency of mother during the pregnancy,which would affect the offspring’s bone development.

Abstract:To find out the clinical research situation in the field of asthma over the recent 10 years (1997-2008),the article categorized the publications relating to asthma according to the research interest,authors,country distribution and research facilities by bibliometrics based on SCI-E. Domestic researchers had the same interest in the field of asthma with foreign scholars. However,Chinese researchers were still expected to offer more original opinions on the topics like epidemiology and clinical intervention of asthma,which would contribute more on the etiology of asthma and have greater impact on asthma treatment.

Abstract:Small non-coding RNAs with important regulatory roles are not confined to eukaryotes. Recent work has uncovered a growing number of bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs), some of which have been shown to regulate critical cellular processes. Computational approaches, in combination with molecular experiments, have played an important role in the identification of these sRNAs. At present, there is no information on the presence of small non-coding RNAs and their genes in the Agrobacterium tumefaciens genome. To identify potential sRNAs in this important bacterium, deep sequencing of the short RNA populations isolated from Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 was carried out. From a data set of more than 10,000 short sequences, 16 candidate sRNAs have been tentatively identified based on computational analysis. All of these candidates can form stem-loop structures by RNA folding predictions and the majority of the secondary structures are rich in GC base pairs. Some are followed by a short stretch of U residues, indicative of a rho-independent transcription terminator, whereas some of the short RNAs are found in the stem region of the hairpin, indicative of eukaryotic-like sRNAs. Experimental strategies will need to be used to verify these candidates. The study of an expanded list of candidate sRNAs in Agrobacterium will allow a more complete understanding of the range of roles played by regulatory RNAs in prokaryotes.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the association between potentially functional polymorphisms in IL12A and IL12B and risk of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). Methods:We genotyped three IL12A polymorphisms rs568408 (3’UTR G>A),rs2243115(5’UTR T>G) and IL12B rs3212227 (3’UTR A>C) using the RFLP-and PIRA-PCR assays in a case-control study of 538 HCC cases and 535 cancer-free controls. Results:The IL12A rs568408 GA/AA variant genotypes were associated with a significantly increasing risk of PHC[adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.35,95% confidence interval (CI)=1.03~1.79],compared with their corresponding wild-type homozygotes. In the stratified analysis,rs568408 genetic effect was more pronounced in male and drinker (adjusted OR=1.46,95% CI=1.08~1.98 for male;adjusted OR=1.53,95% CI=1.07~2.18 for drinker). Conclusion:Our findings indicate that IL12A rs568408 may contribute to the risk of PHC.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein(ALOX5AP) and phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) genes on cerebral infarction,and if there is a relationship between the genes and susceptibility to cerebral infarction in the population of Nanjing city of Jiangsu Province. Methods:A total of 280 consecutive patients with Lacunar infarction(LI) and 258 population-based controls that had been matched for age and sex were examined using a case-control design. Four SNPs covering those two genes were genotyped with ligase detection reaction(LDR) and multiplex polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Results:All alleles and genotypes were similar between cases and controls in PDE4D,and no significant association with LI was revealed by haplotype anaylsis. However,both rs4073259 and rs4769055 in ALOX5AP were found to be associated with LI(P < 0.05). The GA haplotype was related to a significantly increasing risk of LI,and the GC haplotype showed an association with decreasing risk of LI(P < 0.01). Conclusion:The present study suggested that variants in the PDE4D gene were not the risk factors for LI in individuals from Nanjing city in Jiangsu Provinces. However,ALOX5AP might be involved in the incidence of LI in the Nanjing population.

Abstract:Since Emest Boyer introduced the term of “scholarship of teaching” in the 1990s,the scholarship of teaching has became a new dimension of evaluation on professional development of university teachers. The scholarship of teaching is a knowledge expressed in educational knowledge in disciplines. The thought of scholarship of teaching in university teaching can strengthen the idea of teaching,clear the growth stage of scholarship of teaching and direct the future of academic growth of university teachers.

Abstract:Objective: Recent studies have shown that the local expression of soluble interleukin (IL) -1 receptor type Ⅱ (sIL-1 RⅡ) in endometrial tissue of women with endometriosis is decreased, and the depression of IL-1 RⅡ was more significant in infertile women than that in fertile women with endometriosis. In this research, we investigated the remedial effect of sIL-1-RⅡ administration on endometriosis in the nude mouse model. Methods: Nineteen nude model mice with endometriosis were randomly divided into three groups: group A was treated by intraperitoneal administration with only sIL-1 RⅡ for two weeks, group B was similarly treated with only IL-1, and group C (control) was administered saline . After 2 weeks, the size of the ectopic endometrial lesions was calculated, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and B-cell lymphoma leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The IL-8 and VEGF levels in the peritoneal fluid (PF) and serum were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The mean size of ectopic endometrial lesion did not differ between the three groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control, the expression of VEGF and Bcl-2 was significantly lower in group A, and higher in group B. In the three groups, the levels of IL-8 in the PF and serum were highest in group A, and lowest in group B. Conclusion: sIL-1 RⅡ may suppresse hyperplasia of ectopic endometriosis, perhaps by reducing the expression of certain cytokines, such as VEGF, IL-8, and Bcl-2, which could provide a new clinical strategy for the treatment of endometriosis.

Abstract:It has become a public concern to strengthen the construction of campus culture in independent college and improve the quality of college education. In the article,major problems and solutions concerning the area were analyzed.

Abstract:Objective:To duplicate the swine model of left single lung auto-transplantation on purpose to provide the experimental basis for clinical application. Methods:Eighteen healthy local pigs received left pneumonectomy,then the“cutdown” lower lobe was replanted into the thorax with the inferior pulmonary vein transplanted to the proximal stump of the superior pulmonary vein and the bronchus and pulmonary artery anastomosed in turn. They were divided into three groups (6 in each group):group A (non-perfusion fluid treated group),group B (normothermic heparin treated group) and group C (Cold Euro-Collins treated group). The blood sample and lung tissues were collected at baseline,0.5,1,2,and 4 hours after lung auto-transplantation respectively. The indices were determined as follows:the oxygen pressure of pulmonary vein blood,the myeloperoxidase(MPO) content and wet/dry ratio(W/D) of the transplanted lung tissue. The pulmonary grafts were sampled for histological examination and ultra-structure observation under the electronic microscopes. Results:There were no statistical significance of PaO2 levels,MPO content and W/D ratio within the three groups at the time-point of the baseline,0.5,1,or 2 hours after transplantation. Compared with group A,4 hours after transplantation,PaO2 levels,MPO content and W/D ratio had significant difference in group B and C (P < 0.05). Compared with group A,the pulmonary grafts in group B and group C presented less pathological damage and similar degree of injury. Conclusion:This model has satisfactory stability and repeatability. Pulmonary vessel infusion with normothermic heparin meets the requirement of lung auto-transplantation.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the protective effect of thyroid hormone on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and its possible mechanism in rat. Methods:The model of 70% hepatic ischemia-reperfusion was established in rat. Sixty-four healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. S:sham operation group;IR:ischemia-reperfusion group;IPC:ischemic preconditioning group;T3:thyroid hormone treatment group. After 6 h and 24 h of reperfusion,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in the serum were measured;the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,levels of malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in the hepatic tissue were detected. Histologic changes was observed in HE staining,and the expression of NF-κB in liver cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results:After ischemia-reperfusion,compared with S group,IR group showed higher levels of ALT,AST,MDA,TNF-αand NF-κB and more obviously injury of liver tissue,but the activity of SOD and GSH decreased. After treatment of thyroid hormone and ischemic preconditioning,all above abnormal parameters were retrieved remarkably (P < 0.01).but there are no obvious difference between IPC group and T3 group (P > 0.05). Conclusion:Thyroid hormone,as well as ischemic preconditioning,has a protection against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat. The mechanism of protection may be associated with its scavenging of radical,inhibition of lipid peroxidation,decrease of TNF-α level and suppression of NF-κB activation.

Abstract:Morality is the most fundamental and important quality of teachers. It is greatly significant to build professional ethics of college teachers. As the main content of the construction of college teachers’ professional ethics,socialist concept of honor and disgrace should be taken into account on publicity and education,theoretical research,self-reflection and self-discipline,and moral evaluation.

Abstract:Objective: Colorectal cancer is one of the major contributors to cancer death worldwide. Lack of reliable colorectal cancer markers has hampered the management of these cancer patients. Our main purpose was to study the correlation between histopathological variables of colorectal adenocarcinomas and identify histopathological markers that are of prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods: In the present study, we examined the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), p53, Ki-67 and glutathion Stransferase (GST) -π by using immunohistochemical staining methods in 126 colorectal carcinoma patients and evaluated the lymph node metastasis status in these patients by histopathological examination. Results: The positive rates of CEA, p53, Ki-67 and GST-π expression in the colorectal cancer tissue specimens examined were 95.23%, 55.56%, 53.38% and 82.30%, respectively. Expression of p53 and Ki-67 was significantly correlated with the Dukes stages of the tumor, with higher levels of these proteins in Dukes’C and D tumors than those in Dukes’ A and B tumors. Furthermore, the expression of p53, GST-π and Ki-67 correlated with prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Additionally, the expression of p53 in colorectal cancer was closely related to the expression of Ki-67 and the expression of GST-π was directly correlated with that of p53. Conclusion: The expression of CEA, p53, Ki-67 and GST-π was correlated with various clinical features of patients with colorectal cancer. The combined use of these histopathological markers appeared to be a promising tool in predicting the prognosis of patients with this type of cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the influence of group psychological training on college student’s growth and development in order to improve the mental quality of medical talents. Methods:239 college students were randomly divided into 2 groups:the experimental group was given group psychological training education,and the control group was not. Social skill self-test scale,social adaptability self-test scale,self-rating respect scale,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression scale(SDS) were used. Results:The scores of experimental group in depression,anxiety,social skill and five categories of self respect were lower than those of control group(all P < 0.05),and the scores in social adaptability were higher(P < 0.01). Conclusion:Group psychological training education can help improve college students’ social skills,social adaptability and self-confidence. It has many positive effects on college students’ psychology.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the neural differentiation potential of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and apoptosis of the neuron-like cells in vitro. Methods:MSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow,seeded at passage 3 and cultured in L-DMEM with neural cell inductors(EGF,bFGF). Cells were divided three groups according to the time of induction:group A was induced for 3 days;and group B was inducd for 7 days;and group C was induced for 14 days . The markers of neural cells such as NSE,Map2 were detected by immunocytochemistry. TUNEL method was used to calculate the percentages of neuron-like cells apoptosis. Results:MSCs appeared typical morphological neuronal traits after induction,NSE,MAP2 were expressed,but the expression intensity and the percentage of the positive cells attenuated in group C compared with those in group B(P < 0.05). The percentage of apoptosis cells detected by tunnel gradually increased from A to C groups(P < 0.05). Conclusion:Combination of bFGF and EGF can induce MSCs to differentiate into neuron-like cells,but the status of induced cells plummeted and the percentage of apoptosis cells increased in a time-dependent manner.

Abstract:The level of medical students’ employment ability is related to their successful employment and individual career development. In the stage of higher education popularization,how to develop the medical students’ employment ability is of great significance to improve the quality of personnel training in colleges and universities,promote the development of medical and health undertakings of our country. The article explored the training mode positively through the analysis of the current status of medical students’ employment ability.

Abstract:Objective: To construct a lentiviral vector expressing HIV-1 Tat and identify its expression in 293T cells. Methods: The gene fragment of HIV-1 Tat101 was subcloned to lentiviral transfer vector pHAGE-CMV-MCS-IZsGreen, which was named pHAGE-Tat. Then the constructed pHAGE-Tat was used to co-transfect the packing 293T cells, together with the packaging plasmids pMD2.G and psPAX2. The packaged viral particles designated LV-Tat were used to infect the 293T cells and the viral titer was calculated. The expression of HIV-1 Tat in 293T cells was confirmed using RT-PCR and western blot. Results: The recombinant lentiviral vector was successfully constructed and could express HIV-1 Tat in 293T cells. The virus titer was 5.73×106 ifu/ml. Conclusion: The successfully constructed recombinant lentiviral vector makes a strong foundation for further exploring the possible role of HIV-1 Tat in the development of prostate cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To compare the stability and achievement ratio between two rat models of stress urinary incontinence(SUI),which are developed by simulated birth trauma and urolysis. Methods:Forty-five female virgin Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups:five rats were selected randomly for the control group. and remaining rats were divided into group A and B randomly and equally. Rats of group A received vaginal injury operation and bilateral oophorectomy,while urolysis and bilateral oophorectomy was performed on rats of group B. After then,group A and B were divided into four subgroups,each subgroup contained 5 rats. Urodynamic parameters,LPP and ALPP,and histological examinations were carried out post-operation on Week 1,Month 1,Month 2 and Month 3. Results:Compared with reference value,both LPP and ALPP of group A and B decreased significantly(LPP:A1~A3 P < 0.01,A4 P < 0.05,B1~B4 P < 0.05;ALPP:A1~A3 P < 0.01,A4 P < 0.05,B1~B4 P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference between group A and B. In addition,there was no statistical difference among subgroups from A1 to A4(P > 0.05) in group A,and subgroups from B1 to B4(P > 0.05) in group B. Histological examinations showed atrophy and disruption of smooth muscle layers,as well as decreased innervation. Conclusion:Both of simulated birth trauma and urolysis can be successfully applied in developing rat model with satisfactory stability of 3 months after operation. Birth trauma model can be established with higher success rates,and has the advantage of low learning curve. Therefore,it can be widely used as the model of SUI.

Abstract:Objective:To assess the exam paper,evaluate the teaching results and improve the test bank construction. Methods:Final examination papers of pathology,pharmacology,obstetrics and gynecology,internal medicine for five-year medical students from 2003 to 2005 Grade in Nanjing medical university were analyzed by applying education measurement. Results:Reliability coefficient of the four courses was above 0.6,and moreover 91.7% was above 0.7,but the difficulty and discrimination coefficient were not satisfied. Conclusion:Both the preclinical and clinical courses examination papers have some defects without the instruction of education measurement,for example,the reliability can be evaluated,and the difficulty and discrimination coefficient of some items are not conform to the principle of the test,so some improvements should be recommended and performed.

Abstract:Objective：A major problem in the chemotherapy of colon caner may be due to those cells that are in residence in the G0 phase where they are less vulnerable to conventional therapy. To overcome this phenomenon, we attempted to recruit the reentry of these cells into the cell cycle via a signaling pathway that manipulates tumor growth. Methods: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was used to stimulate colon cancer caco-2 cells. FACS analysis and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining were used to estimate the cell cycle transition and cell proliferation activated by EGF, and a MTT assay was used to evaluate the synergistic effect of EGF and chemotherapy. Results: The percentage of caco-2 cells in the G0/G1 phase was significantly reduced by nearly 20% and the percentages in the S and G2/M phases were increased by EGF. The combined use of EGF and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) enhanced the caco-2 cell chemosensitivity to 5-FU, reaching a maximum of an approximately threefold greater sensitivity than to 5-FU alone as judged by the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that stimulation by EGF enhanced the chemosensitivity of caco-2 cells to 5-FU, which may be a novel therapeutic protocol in colon cancer.

Abstract:Lung cancer has been one of the main death reasons of human being died because of cancer. The incidence and death rate of lung cancer have been increasing rapidly in recent years. X ray and CT (computer tomography) scan of thorax can diagnose most lung cancer,but there are some difficulties on diagnosis of early-stage lung lesions. PET(positron emission tomography) has high sensitivity and specificity on early diagnosis,stage and curative effect evaluation of lung cancer,with poor space distinguishing. PET/CT can make up the drawbacks metioned above. PET/CT can provide the special imaging mode information of both PET and CT. This is a review about the application of PET/CT in the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of a set of nickel-titanium rotary instruments,named ProTaper,in preparing curved root canals of the aged. Methods:Eighty-two posterior teeth of aged people with curved root canals were randomly divided into two groups. The 41 teeth in experiment group were managed by ProTaper nickel-titanium rotary instruments using crown-down technique;while the 41 teeth in control group by stainless steel K files. All teeth were obturated with lateral condensation method. The effects of preparation and obturation with radiographs before,during and after operation were analyzed. Results:Compared with the control group,the nickel-titanium rotary instruments kept the curvature and flow of curved canals very well,and the continuously tapered root canal shape was achieved in all cases. The time of operation was short and endodontic flare-up seldom occurred. However,the test group had two fractured files. Conclusion:The ProTaper nickel-titanium rotary instruments can prepare curved root canals effectively and quickly. Meanwhile,the problem of instrument separation due to many reasons such as variations in canal anatomy and fatigue of instruments should be prevented.

Abstract:Objective: To evaluate the changes in Tp-e interval (an interval from the peak to the end of the T wave), QT interval and Tp-e/QT ratio of the body surface ECG in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Methods: The Tp-e interval and QT interval were measured on body surface ECGs in 42 patients without either hypertension or LVH (control group), 41 patients having hypertension but not LVH (non-LVH group), and 38 patients with both hypertension and LVH (LVH group). Results: The mean corrected QT (QTc) interval, and mean corrected Tp-e[T(p-e)c] interval were significantly longer in the LVH group (0.430±0.021s vs. 0.409±0.019s, p < 0.01; 0.098±0.013s vs. 0.088±0.011s, respectively) than those in the control group. The Tp-e/QT ratio was also amplified in LVH group (0.232±0.028 vs.0.218±0.027) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: LVH increased the QT interval, Tp-e interval and Tp-e/QT ratio of the body surface ECG.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the relationship between OCEAN personality theory (neuroticism,extraversion,openness,agreeableness,conscientiousness) and academic performance of nursing undergraduates,and provide the evidence for the teachers when they train students improving their comprehensive professional ability. Methods:Nursing students’ personality traits were measured by NEO-PI-R scale and their scores of five professional courses were selected. Results:There were different levels of relevant between the neuroticism,agreeableness,conscientiousness of the personality and the academic achievement. There were also different scores among different academic performances by NEO-PI-R partition scale. Conclusion:It is concerned that certain personality traits of nursing undergraduates should impact their academic achievement.

Abstract:Objective: To summarize the clinical experiences of 21 patients treated with tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) and investigate the surgical indications and methods. Methods: Data from 21 patients who underwent TVR from December 2002 to March 2009 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The mean age was 48.86±15.37 years (range: 20-72 years). The underlying disease of the patients was classified as rheumatic (n = 10), congenital (n = 8), endocarditis (n = 2) or chest trauma (n = 1). Previous cardiac surgery had been performed in 12 patients (57.14%). Results: In-hospital death occurred in two patients (9.52%). Postoperative morbidities included cardiac failure (n = 2), bleeding related re-operation (n = 1), and plural effusion (n = 2). Conclusion: The early outcomes of TVR were acceptable. At the present time TVR can be performed through optimal perioperative management.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the technique of using elastic stable intramedullary nailing(ESIN) on treatment femoral fractures in children and assess the clinical outcome. Methods:Sixty-eight patients with displaced femoral shaft fractures were treated by ESIN from August 2006 to December 2008. Results:All patients were followed up for average 10 months(6~30 months). The average time of bone healing was 11 weeks(8~12 weeks). All had full range of motion in the near joints and got excellent results without refracture,delayed union or non-union,and rotational deformity. Eight cases had irritation at nail insertion site. Two cases had 1.0~1.5 cm shortening deformity of the femur. Five cases had difficulties associated with removal of nails. Conclusion:The method of ESIN deserves to be a simply and minimally invasive way for the treatment of the femoral fractures in children.

Abstract:A 69-year-old woman with angina had a lesion in the left lower lobe on chest film. Angiography revealed coronary artery disease in three vessels. Combined off pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and left lower lobectomy were performed through median sternotomy. This approach avoids complications due to staged operations and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This report shows that simultaneous off pump CABG and pulmonary operations can be performed safely in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) associated with lung cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To identify clinical features associated with biliary cast formation and review treatments. Methods:Patient records were reviewed retrospectively to identify patients who developed casts. Results:Biliary cast occurred in 15 patients among 112 cases. Conclusion:Biliary casts are more likely to develop in the setting of hepatic ischemia and biliary strictures. Endoscopic cast extraction might achieve favorable results and should be attempted before surgical therapy.

Abstract:A 41-year-old woman presented with a pruritic rash on the face that was of 3 months duration. During that time, it had been successively misdiagnosed as psoriasis vulgaris, systemic lupus erythematosus, facial dermatitis at other hospitals, and had been treated with agents that included acitretin and prednisone. Finally, fungi were found in the lesions by optical microscopy, and the fungal culture was positive for Microsporum gypseum, and was diagnosed as a Microsporum gypseum infection. The lesions eventually cleared completely after 8 weeks of antifungal treatment.

Abstract:Objective:To study the distribution and structure of gene cassettes of class I integron in Acinetobacter baumannii in the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU and explore the relationship between integron and its resistance. Methods:K-B tests were performed to detect the susceptibility of 77 isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii randomly selected from the hospital to 18 kinds of antimicrobial agents,class 1 integrase gene(intI 1) and its variable region were amplificated by PCR,the products were analyzed by restriction endonucleases and sequenced. Results:77 isolates from different samples were serious antibiotic resistance. 49 of 77(63.64%) isolates were found containing class 1 integron and 91.84%(45/49) of the intI 1 positive strains owned the variable region. Four different sizes(0.8 kb,1.8 kb,2.3 kb and 3.0 kb) of the variable region of integrons were amplified. Sequencing results identified four gene cassettes arrays:aacA4,dfrXII-orfF-aadA2,aacA4-catB8-aadA1 and aacC1-orfX-orfX-orfX’-aadA1a. Significant association was demonstrated between integron carriage and resistance to antibiotics in Acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusion:class I integron is closely related to the resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii and plays an important role in its multi-drug resistance.

Abstract:As one of the four commonly used clinical punctures,bone marrow aspiration is an important puncture in diagnosis,therapy and prognosis of diseases. However,the operators need quite long time to learn theories,technical skills under traditional training procedure. The authors created five word tips for bone marrow aspiration,named as clean,exact,perfect,straight and fast. Under the guidance of evidence-based teaching,five word tips for bone marrow aspiration was applied to obtain excellent results in large-scale short-term training for interns.

Abstract:Through research practice,self-learning ability,communication skills,teamwork,innovation,hands-on ability,and observation ability of undergraduate students had been improved significantly. The authors drew the conclusion that research and practice activities should be an important means of training undergraduates’ various capacities.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the risk factors of hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD). Methods:Data collected through a prospective clinical study of HFMD conducted between 2008 and 2009 were examined to identify risk factors associated with neurological involvement in children with HFMD. Results:There were significantly differencs in listlessness,start,history of lethargy,total duration of fever≥3 days,peak temperature ≥38.5℃,vomit,headache,and absence of mouth ulcers. Listlessness was identified as an independent risk factor for neurological involvement in the analysis of 648 children admitted to hospital. Total duration of fever ≥3 days,peak temperature≥38.5℃,start,vomit,and listlessness had the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV) respectively:61.8%,80.2%,58.9%,82.0%;39.8%,88.4%,91.6%,31.6%;72.7%,80.2%,96.6%,90.3%;82.6%,76.4%,40.2%,95.8%;67.4%,90.2%,82.2%,80.4%. Conclusion:Listlessness,start,history of lethargy,total duration of fever ≥3 days,peak temperature≥38.5℃,vomit,headache,and absence of mouth ulcers were identified as clinical risk factors to help detect children at risk of neurological involvement. These risk factors may serve as a guide to clinicians to decide the need for hospitalization,further investigation,close monitoring for disease progression,and decrease of mortality in children with HFMD.

Abstract:Objective:To explore diagnostic evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of MP-DNA and SCRP on children with MP pneumonia,and provide accurate and quick diagnostic proof to clinic. Methods:Children’s respiratory secretion samples were collected for fluorescent quantitative PCR for MP-DNA,and the serum’s concentrations of SCRP and MP-IgM were detected by immunobiochemistry methods,and the three indexes were compared with WBC’s count. Results:MP-DNA and sCRP were more sensitive in diagnosis of MPP compared with WBC count. Among the three indexes,the sCRP was the most sensitive,and MP-DNA had highest specificity and positive predictive value,and there were no differences among the indexes on negative predictive value and Youden’s index. Conclusion:MP-DNA is evaluable in early and accurate diagnosis on MP infection.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the role of the adenoid and tonsil in children with sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS). Methods:94 children with OSAHS were diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG) and the tonsil and adenoid size were evaluated. The data were analysed statistically. Results:29 cases (30.85%) had adenoid hypertrophy,and 8 cases(8.51%) had tonsil hypertrophy,52 cases(55.32%) had both adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy,5 cases(5.32%) had neither adenoid hypertrophy nor tonsil hypertrophy. The differences among only tonsil hypertrophy patients,only adenoid hypertrophy and both adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy on AHI,LSaO2 were significant(P < 0.05). The difference between only adenoid hypertrophy patients and both adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy patients was not significant(P > 0.05). The differences on AHI in different level groups of tonsil grade were not significant. The differences on AHI in different level groups of adenoid grade were significant. The R value of correction between the adenoid and AHI was 0.522. The R value of correction between the tonsil and AHI was 0.125. Conclusion:The adenoid hypertrophy has a positive relationship with OSAHS,but the tonsil hypertrophy is not relative with OSAHS. Synchronous hypertrophy of adenoid and tonsil can increase the incidence of OSAHS.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of mechanical ventilation in the prone position on children with pneumonia and atelectasis. Methods:Twenty-five patients with pneumonia and atelectasis admitted to Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from Oct,2006 to Dec,2008,mechanically ventilated for hypoxemia,were divided into two groups:the supine position group and the prone position group. The ventilated mode was pressure control mode,regulating control pressure in order to keep expiratory tidal volume at 6~10 ml/kg level,setting inspiratory time(Ti)0.6~1.0 second,Respiratory rate(RR) 25~40 bpm,fraction of inspiratory oxygen(FiO2) 350~1000 ml/L,positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP)5~12 cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa). Respiratory and circulatory indices,recovery time indicated by imaging,and ventilated time were assessed in the patients of two groups. Results:Oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2) and pressure of artery oxygen(PaO2) of the prone position group were significantly higher than those in the supine position group(P < 0.05). Recovery time indicated by imaging and ventilated time of the prone position group were significantly less than those in the supine position group(P < 0.05),but there was no significant change in heart rate,blood pressure,pressure of artery CO2[Pa(CO2)],dynamic compliance,resistance of airway and peak of inspiratory pressure between the two groups. Conclusion:Mechanical ventilation in prone position can improve pulmonary gas exchange in children with pneumonia and atelectasis,and reduce recovery time indicated by imaging and ventilated time.

Abstract:Objective:To study clinical protectional effects of neuron-specific enolase(NSE) using Ulinastatin on the brain of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage during perioperative. Methods:Forty patients with operation suffering hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in 7 days were divided into two groups:group A(n=20) with Ulinastatin and group B(n=20) as control. ICP was monitored,and NSE plasma levels and the scores of GCS were measured before and after operation. Results:NSE plasma levels in group A were significantly lower than that in group B,and the scores of GCS in group A were significantly higher than that in group B. Conclution:Ulinastatin had clinical protective effects on the brain of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage during perioperative.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the value of color doppler sonography in the diagnosis and preoperative assistive positioning of primary hyerparathyroidism. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the ultrasonographic results of 46 cases,who received surgical operations from 1998.8 to 2009.4. Results:Of all 46 patients,43 lesions were detected in 41 patients. The detection rate was 89.1% (41/46). Those lesions manifested as solitary,well demarcated,round or oval hypoechoic masses. The masses located posterior to the inferior thyroid vessels. In color doppler image,lesions were hypervascular. Arterial and venous flow parttern were detected by spectrum doppler. All the lesions dected by ultrasonography were testified by operation,and the accuracy of preoperation positioning was 100%. Conclusion:Color dopper ultrasonography is an effective method in the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyriodism and can be an optimal choice for the preoperative positioning.

Abstract:Objective:To study the toxicokinetics of LHCPT in Beagle dogs by intravenous infusion,and discuss the accumulative effects of LHCPT in blood. Methods:HPLC with fluorescence detection was used to analyze drug concentration in whole blood. Results:Cmax and AUC were increased in a dose-dependent manner both after 1st day and 30th day;and there was no statistical significance in t1/2 of different doses (P > 0.05). Compared with single administration with repetition,there were no obvious changes of AUC,Cmax and t1/2 of the same dose(P > 0.05). Conclusion:LHCPT has no significantly accumulative effects after successive intravenous administration.

Abstract:Objective:The application was compared between the self-made medium and commercial medium,in order to provide basis for the optimization of the in-vitro oocyte matured system. Methods:Using the cycles of ICSI in corresponding period as the controls (ICSI-C1 and ICSI-C2),110 and 99 clinical cycles of IVM using the self-made medium (IVM-A) and the commercial medium (IVM-B) were collected,respectively,and the differences between IVM-A and IVM-B were compared in in-vitro matured,embryo development,embryo implantation,clinical pregnancy and outcomes. Results:In the situation of non-difference between the two control group (ICSI-C1 and ICSI-C2),the in-vitro mature and embryo development in IVM-A were better than those in IVM-B,and the rate of transplanted embryo as well as the high-quality embryo showed significant differences (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Although the rate of the embryo implantation,pregnancy and live birth in IVM-A were lower than those in IVM-B,actually,the differences were not significant due to the fact that the index in ICSI-C2(2006 or later) was also better than that of ICSI-C1,which was associated with the improvement of the clinical therapy scheme and the use of hysteroscope as well. Interestingly,the abortion in IVM-A was lowest among all the groups (10.53%),there was significant difference between IVM-A and IVM-B (P < 0.05) while the rate in ICSI-C2 (as the control for IVM-B) was obviously lower than that in ICSI-C1 (as the control for IVM-A),which suggested that the embryo cultured from the self-made medium might reduce the abortion. Due to the limited samples (2/19),the results should be further confirmed. Conclusion:The application of the self-made IVM medium showed better effect,which might be associated with the additional adding the mHFF and E2. However,the system need to be further optimized in order to ensure it should be effective,safe and cheap.

Abstract:Objective:To understand relative factors contributing to positive rate of enterovirus which result in hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Jiangsu Province,and analyze the VP1 genetic character of EV71 virus. Methods:During April to December in 2008,2 082 samples of HFMD cases were collected from all surveillance hospital,including throat swab,feces,anal swab,herpes fluid,cerebrospinal fluid,serum sample,and related information was recorded. Results:In 2 082 samples,the positive detectable rates of general enterovirus in throat swab,anal swab,herpes fluid,feces,cerebrospinal fluid,serum were 53.52%,41.12%,40.74%,27.27%,25.00%,9.80% respectively. The positive detectable rates of EV71 in throat swab,anal swab,herpes fluid,feces,cerebrospinal fluid,serum were 47.03%,30.84%,33.33%,22.73%,25.00%,2.94% respectively,and the positive rates of CoxA16 in throat swab,anal swab,herpes fluid,feces,cerebrospinal fluid,serum were 5.34%,8.41%,3.70%,0.00%,0.00%,6.68% respectively. The positive rate and constituent ratio in different types of sample all had statistical significance(P < 0.0001). The highest positive rate of pan-enterovirus appeared in the next day after onset(56.59%),and positive rates of pan-enterovirus and EV71 virus in different time-lag between onset and sample collected had statistical significance(P=0.0019,P=0.0139),while there was no statistical significance compared with that of CoxA16 (P=0.2558). The highest positive rate of pan-enterovirus appeared in the next day after seeing a doctor (59.90%),and positive rates of pan-enterovirus and EV71 virus in different time-lag between seeing a doctor and sample collected had statistical significance(P=0.0228,P=0.0333),while there was no statistical significance compared with that of CoxA16 (P=0.3958).The isolated EV71 virus belonged to sub-generotype C4.3. Conclusion:Positive rate of enterovirus was closely related to types of sample,time of sample collection,time of seeing a doctor. The identified EV71 virus belonged to generotype C4.

Abstract:Objective:To identify the homology among enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) isolated from different years,cites and hosts. Methods:Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used for the molecular subtyping of 113 E. coli O157:H7 strains. The AFLP patterns were analyzed by BioNumerics version 4.0 software. Results:113 isolates showed 37 patterns. Strains isolated from different years and hosts may have the same patterns. Conclusion:From the above observations,it is evident that AFLP is useful in the molecular typing of E. coli O157:H7 isolated from different sources.