Abstract:Objective:To construct the lentiviral vector carrying nNOS(AA1-133)and detect its expression and function. Methods:Mouse nNOS(AA1-133)was amplified by RT-PCR and then eukaryotic expression vector of pIRES2-EGFP/nNOS(AA1-133)was constructed. After DNA sequence analysis,nNOS(AA1-133)was cloned into lentiviral vector pGC-FU to construct recombinant vector pGC-FU/nNOS(AA1-133). pGC-FU/nNOS(AA1-133)was transfected into 293T cells by Lipofectamine 2000 mediation to package lentiviral particles. The particles were transfected into primary neurons,and the expression and function of nNOS(AA1-133)were detected. Results:The coding sequence of mouse nNOS(AA1-133)was successfully amplified and the analysis of DNA sequence approved that the recombinant lentiviral vector contained nNOS(AA1-133). nNOS(AA1-133)expressed and combined with PSD95 in the infected neurons. Conclusion:The lentiviral vector of pGC-FU/nNOS(AA1-133)was constructed successfully and the infected neurons could express nNOS(AA1-133).

Abstract:Objective:In order to lay the foundation for quantitative detection of adenovirus neutralizing antibodies,a luciferase gene recombinant adenovirus vector is aimed to be constructed. Methods:The adenoviral expression system,ViraPowerTM Adenoviral Expression System,was used to construct the recombinant adenovirus vector. Using PCR method,luciferase gene was amplified from the pGL3 plasmid and CACC was added at the 5 end. After ligation and transformation,the luciferase gene was cloned into the entry vector,pENTR /D-TOPO,and identified by sequencing and PCR. LR ClonaseTM Ⅱ Enzyme Mix was used to recombine entry-cloning with recombinant expression vector(pAd-CMV/V5-DEST)to generate expression vector plasmid,rAd-Luci. After identification by PCR,the rAd-Luci plasmid was linearized by the restriction enzymes,PacⅠ,and transfected HEK293A packaging cells. After amplification of the recombinant adenovirus,limiting dilution method was used to detect the virus titer. Western blot was used to detect the expression of luciferase protein. Results:The luciferase gene was obtained by PCR method. The adenoviral entry and expression clones were identified correctly by PCR and sequencing. Those correct recombinant adenoviral expression plasmids transfected HEK293A cells to obtain the recombinant adenovirus with virus titer of 1.8 × 1011 pfu/ml. This recombinant virus was able to express functional luciferase protein correctly. Conclusion:The construction of luciferase gene recombinant adenovirus vector was successful and this study has laid an experimental basis for quantitative detection of adenovirus neutralizing antibodies.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effect of RNA interference-based silencing of HIF-1α gene on the expression of glycolysis associated genes in esophageal squamous carcinoma cells(Eca-109) cultured in either a normoxia or a hypoxia environment. Methods:Eca-109 cells were divided into three groups,namely,untransfected Eca-109 cells,Eca-109 cells stably transfected with HIF-1α siRNA and empty expression vector. After the cells were cultured in a normoxia environment or in a hypoxia environment for 6,12,24,48 h,respectively,the expression of HIF-1α protein was detected by Western blot,and the expression of glycolysis associated genes(Glut-1,LDH-A,HK-Ⅱ) was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. Spectrophotometry was employed to determine the activities of the glycolysis enzymes(LDH,HK). Results:After Eca-109 cells were cultured in a hypoxia environment,the expression of HIF-1α protein was upregulated,and expression of HIF-1α was hardly detected in HIF-1α silenced cells,and could not be upregulated in a hypoxia environment. The expression of Glut-1,LDH-A,HK-Ⅱ mRNA and proteins was significantly down-regulated in HIF-1α silenced cells,and the LDH and HK activities were obviously decreased in HIF-1α silenced cells. Conclusion:RNA interference targeting the HIF-1α gene is able to efficiently silence the expression of HIF-1α gene in human esophageal squamous carcinoma cells(Eca-109)and thereby inhibit the expression of glycolysis associated genes(Glut-1,LDH-A,HK-Ⅱ)to different extents.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the relationship between the effect of triptolide on the proliferation of human endometrial carcinoma cell line(HEC-1B)and the apoptosis related signal transduction pathway-PI3K/PKB. Methods:PI3K/PKB pathway inhibitor(LY294002)was used to detect the effect of triptolide on the apoptosis of HEC-1B. The MTT colorimetry method was performed to measure the inhibitive effect of triptolide on cell proliferation;Western blot was used to observe phosphorylated PKB expression. Results:Result of MTT shows PI3K/PKB pathway inhibitor inhibited the function of TP. The inhibitive effect was related to the drug concentration(P < 0.05). Western blot showed the expression of phosphorylated PKB was related to the drug concentration(P < 0.05). Conclusion:Triptolide inhibits the proliferation of HEC-1B. The inhibition effect is related to the PI3K/PKB signal transduction pathway.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the phenotype and functional changes of murine bone marrow derived dendritic cells loaded the insulin B9-23 peptide,and investigate its impact on the immune state of DCs. Methods:①Murine bone marrow cells were induced to differentiate into DCs by 10 ng/ml GM-CSF and 10 ng/ml IL-4,and then devided into blank control group,insulin B9-23 peptide stimulated group and LPS stimulated group.②CD40,CD80,CD86,CD11c and MHC-Ⅱexpressions were detected using flow cytometry. ③The stimulating allogenic lymphocytes proliferation abilities of these DCs were checked by CCK-8. ④ELISA was used to measure IL-12 and IFN-γ concentrations of the DCs culture supernatants. Results:CD11c expression was over 60% in all three groups;compared with the blank control group,the insulin B9-23 peptide group expressed low level CD40 and intermediate level CD80,CD86,MHC-Ⅱ,LPS group DCs expressed CD40,CD80,CD86 and MHC-Ⅱat high level. Meanwhile,DCs in insulin B9-23 peptide group showed increased ability to stimulate allogenic T cells proliferation,and the IL-12 consentration was significant higher while the IFN-γ concentration was a little lower than the blank control group. Conclusion:Stimulation by lnsulin B9-23 peptide generates semi-mature DCs. It is very meaningful for further studies,in which DCs loaded with insulin B9-23 peptide immune NOD mice to induce immunotolerance to prvent autoimmune diabetes.

Abstract:Objective:To study the extracellular release of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)in mast cells induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and related intracellular signaling pathways. Methods:The changes of HMGB1 concentration in the culture medium and HMGB1 mRNA expression of P815 mast cells were investigated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and RT-PCR method after stimulation with various concentrations of LPS. The effects of MAPKs pathway inhibitors(SB203580,SB202190,U0126 and PD98059)on extracellular release of HMGB1 were observed in LPS-induced mast cells. Results:LPS induced extracellular release of HMGB1 in mast cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The level of HMGB1 mRNA expression significantly was increased by stimulation with 100 μg/L LPS for 8,24 or 48 hours(P < 0.01). SB203580 and SB202190 partly inhibited HMGB1 release in LPS-induced mast cells(P < 0.05). But no effects were observed in U0126 and PD98059 treated group. Conclusion:LPS can induce mast cells to release HMGB1,in which the intracellular p38 MAPK signaling pathway is involved.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the expression of Insulin/FoxO1/Pdx1/MafA genes during pancreatic development in the intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)rats. Methods:①The establishment of rat model:female and male SD rats were copulated by 1∶3,and then were divided into the following two groups:IUGR group and normal group. The former were treated by 50% calorie compared with normal from gestational day 1 until term.②The collection of samples:pancreas of rat embryonic day14.5(E14.5),19.5(E19.5)and new born were dissected under microscope respectively.③The detection of pancreatic morphological changes:HE staining and light microscope were used.④The expression of Insulin/FoxO1/Pdx1/MafA genes:after abstraction of total RNA,the technique of RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Insulin/FoxO1/Pdx1/MafA genes. Results:①Compared with normal,the pancreatic construction,islet area and quantities had abnormal morphological changes during pancreatic development.②The genes of Insulin/FoxO1/Pdx1/MafA began to be expressed from E14.5,and the expressions of Insulin and MafA were increased as the fetus grew while FoxO1 and Pdx1 were decreased.③Compared with the normal,the expressions of FoxO1 and MafA were lower in IUGR rats(P < 0.05),while Insulin and Pdx1 had no evident change. Conclusion:The expressions of Insulin/FoxO1/Pdx1/MafA genes were affected by intrauterine growth retardation.

Abstract:Objective:To verify the differential expression of Lamin B1 in the penis of rat offspring after maternal exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP)in order to explore the mechanism of hypospadias. Methods:Twenty pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into two groups acting as experiment group and control group,which were respectively given DBP and soybean oil gavage at the dose of 800 mg/(kg·d)and 2 ml/d since the 14~18 th day of pregnancy,anogenital distance(AGD),birth weight(BW),hypospadias incidence were recorded,and penises of fetal rats were harvested at GD19. The expression of Lamin B1 was analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results:The incidence of hypospadias was 40%,and the AGD/BW of experiment group was significantly lower than control group(P < 0.05),and the expression of Lamin B1 had statistical difference between two groups(P < 0.05). Lamin B1 was mainly located in urethral epithelium in the developmental phase of the penis,and the control group staining intensity was stronger than the experimental group. Conclusion:Maternal exposure to DBP can reduce the Lamin B1 expression in urethral epithelium,affect cellular migration and urethral fold fusion,and then result in the occurrence of hypospadias.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the expression of osteopontin in transplanted rat kidney and its relationship with chronic allograft nephropathy(CAN). Methods:Fisher(F344)kidneys were orthotopically transplanted into Lewis rat recipients(CAN group). Lewis to Lewis rat kidney transplantation was served as the control(control group). Renal function and urine protein excretion levels of the rats were analyzed. Animals were sacrificed 12 weeks post-transplantation for histological and immunohistochemical detection. Results:Renal function deteriorated progressively in the CAN group,and there was typical chronic allograft tubulointerstitial fibrosis observed in the kidneys. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the positive rate of TGF-β1 expression in CAN group was 100%,higher than that in control group(0%). The positive rate of OPN expression in CAN group was 90%,while zero in control group. Compared with control group,the intensity of osteopontin increased along with the progression of CAN in CAN group. Conclusion:Our study suggests that the osteopontin plays an important role in the progression of CAN. The expression of osteopontin in epithelial cells could act as a molecular marker of CAN.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the possible association between the C-1818T polymorphism in exon 4 of KLOTHO gene and acute coronary syndrome(ACS)in the Chinese Han population of Suwan region. Methods:A case-control study was conducted,including 375 patients with ACS(ACS group)and 235 control subjects who were free from coronary artery disease by coherence checks(control group). The KLOTHO gene C-1818T polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and gene microarray. Results:Compared with the control group,① The frequencies of CC,CT,TT genotypes and the T allele of the C-1818T in ACS group were not significantly different;②The prevalence of the CT genotype is obviously higher in elderly patients(age≥60 years),male and also the elderly male with ACS(P value was 0.031,0.035,0.041 respectively). Furthermore,after adjustment for conventional risk factors, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the CT genotype was a significant risk factor for ACS in the elderly or elderly male carrier(P values were 0.010 and 0.047 respectively),and no association with ACS in male(P=0.103). Conclusion:The CT genotype of KLOTHO gene C-1818T polymorphism was associated with the susceptibility to ACS in the elderly(age≥60 years),especially in elderly male in the Chinese Han population of Suwan region.

Abstract:Objective:to investigate the effect of platelet-rich plasma(PRP)on human gingival fibroblast function in vitro. Methods:Various concentrations of PRP(1%,5%,10%,20%,30%,50%)were applied to primary cultures of HGFs. Serum containing 10% newborn calf acted as positive control and serum free medium as negative control. MTT assay was utilized to assess proliferation. Migration was determined by assessing the cell response to a concentration gradient with Transwell chamber. Results:PRP had stimulatory effects on the migration of HGFs. A beneficial effect on proliferation was observed,especially in response to 20% PRP. Conclusion:PRP can exert a dose-dependent effect on HGFs proliferation and migration to a certain extent.

Abstract:Objective:To study the potential effects of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)on the sensitivity of human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 to 5-FU in vitro and the possible mechanisms involved. Methods:All cells were treated with various concentrations of hemin,ZnPP and 5-FU combination or alone at different times. The inhibition rate of cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Western blot was used for the detection of HO-1 expression. Flow cytometry was performed to detect cell apoptosis. ROS activity was examined by ROS colorimetric assay. Results:The application of ZnPP or 5-FU significantly inhibited the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells and the effect was dose-dependent.ZnPP(10 μmol/L)combined with 5-FU led to more inhibition and cell apoptosis than ZnPP or 5-FU alone(P < 0.05).On the other hand,hemin(10 μmol/L)markedly increased the resistance of SGC7901 cells to 5-FU-mediated cytotoxicity(P < 0.05). 5-FU or hemin increased HO-1 protein expression compared with control group,and the increase was reversed by the use of ZnPP. The activity of ROS in 5-FU plus ZnPP group had a significant increase compared with other groups(P < 0.05),and the increase was reversed by the addition of hemin. Conclusion:ZnPP can enhance the chemosensitivity of SGC7901 cells to 5-FU,in which the inhibition of HO-1 expression and elevation of intracellular ROS activity may be involved.

Abstract:Objective:to find suitable method for detecting Alu methylation in large samples of tumor tissues and tumor cell lines. Methods:Methylation-sensitive restriction endonuclease digestion and quantitative PCR(MSRE-qPCR)method were used to analyze Alu methylation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and compared with the traditional bisulfite-sequencing PCR(BSP)method. Results:MSRE-qPCR showed that methylation level of Alu elements in BstUⅠ cutting site was about 33.7%,and that in HpaⅡ cutting site was about 56.1%. The result of MSRE-qPCR was consistent with that of BSP,which also showed relative lower level of Alu methylation in BstUⅠ cutting site and relative higher level of Alu methylation in HpaⅡ cutting site. Methylation levels of Alu elements in MCF-7 cells detected by the two methods were all lower than those in normal cells(84.6% or higher). Conclusion:MSRE-qPCR method is simple,reliable and inexpensive enough for Alu methylation detection in large samples.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 on osteointegration of implant in ovariectomized rats. Methods:Thirty old femal Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:Sham-OVX,OVX and OVX+rhBMP-2. One implant was inserted in the right tibia of each rat. Meanwhile,rhBMP-2 and 1% SA composite were embedded in the peri-implant area in OVX+rhBMP-2 group,and 1% SA was embedded in Sham-OVX and OVX groups. The bone density of right tibia was observed with X-ray and the serum ALP activity was measured pre- and post ovariectomy using a ALP-kit. Four- and eight-week after implantation,the rats were sacrificed and the right tibias with implant were taken by X-ray. History changes were observed by HE stain and SEM scanning. Results:New bone formation was determined in the peri-implant area with good osseointegration in the OVX+rhBMP-2 and Sham-OVX group. No bone absorption was observed in the OVX+rhBMP-2 group,while some soft tissue was observed in the Sham-OVX group. In the OVX group,the implant was lost with severe inflammation and bone fracture in the normal bone tissue. Conclusion:rhBMP-2 could enhance bone osseointegration and induced new bone formation in ovariectomised rats.

Abstract:Objective:To improve the technique of rat unilateral orthotopic lung transplantation and establish a stable animal model. Methods:Forty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 23 pairs for donors and recipients. Cuff techniques were introduced in anastomosis of bronchus,pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein in the operation. Results:In the 23 transplantations,the operation was successfully carried out in 20 cases and failed in 3 cases. The reasons of failure were as follows:disruption of pulmonary vein,disruption of pulmonary artery and bleeding after operation. Time for lung harvesting,cuff techniques and anastomosis was(11.6±2.1)min,(13.6±2.4)min and(17.7±3.5)min respectively. The graft function was monitored by arterial blood gas analysis,thoracic X ray and pathological examination. Recipients after transplantation showed excellent graft function. Conclusion:The cuff techniques mentioned in this study would be more suitable for establishment of rat unilateral orthotopic lung transplantation model.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the early MRI appearances and pathologic basis of cryptococcal neoformans infection in rats. Methods:96 Wistar rats were randomly divided into(1)immunocompromised infected group(n=40),(2)normal status infected group(n=40),(3)simple immunosuppression control group(n=8),(4)normal control group(n=8). Infected rats were injected intracerebrally with the suspension of cryptococcus neoformans. At 7,14,21,28 days,the rats were scanned with conventional imaging,enhancement scanning,and DWI,and then were killed to observe the pathological changes of lesions. Results:(1)Meningeal enhancement:At 7 days,MRI showed meningeal enhancement in infected rats. Meningeal enhancement observed in rats of immunocompromised infected group and normal status infected group were 4,4,3,3 and 2,1,1,1 respectively at 14,21,28 days.(2)Brain parenchymal lesions:1,3,6,6 and 0,0,1,1 lesions of the two groups were seen respectively at 7,14,21,28 days. There were significant differences(P=0.04)between the two groups at 21,28 days respectively.(3)Dilated ventricle was observed in 4 immunosuppressive rats and one normal status infected rat at 21 days. More obviously dilated ventricle was seen at 28 days of the two groups,respectively for 6,1 rats.(4)Brain lesions became larger and more with time,in dynamic observed group in rats of immunosuppressive status.(5)Pathological examination:Cryptococcus neoformans were seen on part of meningitis and in the brain parenchyma. The gelatinous pseudocysts around the cryptococcus neoformans,lymphocytic infiltration,focal necrosis were observed with HE and PAS staining. Conclusion:Immunocompromised rats are easier to be infected by cryptococcal neoformans. The earliest finding of cryptococcal neoformans infection in rats on MRI was meningoencephalitis. MRI findings of brain parenchymal infection shows limited inflammation,gelatinous pseudocysts,and dilated ventricle.

Abstract:Objective:To study the color differences of metal ceramic restorations and Vitapan classical shade guides in daylight-color,cool white and warm light sources. Methods:On the neutral gray background,CIE1976 L*a*b* color system,a digital camera and computer were selected to measure and compare the characteristics of A2 shade slice in the shade guides and two groups of metal ceramic restorations in three different light sources. Results:To the same group of metal ceramic restorations,the color differences were more obvious than 1.5NBS in three different light sources. The color difference between metal ceramic restorations and A2 shade slice was the most insignificant in the daylight-color light source. Conclusion:Color differences could be found between the shade guides and metal ceramic restorations in three different light sources. Daylight-color light source is better than the other two for the colorimetric.

Abstract:Objective:To study the effect of nattokinase on visual functions in rabbit eyes with central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO). Methods:Central retinal vein occlusion of rabbit model was established with argon laser photocoagulation to retinal vein. After laser,intravitreal injections of either 0.1 ml of 0.1 FU nattokinase,or Ringer’s solution(negative contro1)were given once daily for three days. And the group C as control was not given any treatment. Before and 14 days after laser,flash electroretinogram(FERG)was recorded and statistically analyzed. Results:Argon laser photocoagulation induced an experimental model of central retinal vein occlusion. Statistically significant difference existed in latencies of FERG-a and FERG-b among the groups(P < 0.05). Conclusion:An experimental model of central retinal vein occlusion was successfully produced in rabbit by argon laser photocoagulation. Nattokinase can ameliorate visual functions.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the relationship between hyperlipidemia and nutrients intake among adults in Jiangsu. Methods:The data were collected in Jiangsu Nutrition and Health Survey in 2007,and 3 467 men and 4 653 woman aged more than 18-years-old were included. The information of food intakes was collected with food frequency questionnaire. The lipids level was measured. Results:After the covariates including age,gender,BMI,physical activity level,smoking,alcohol intake and total energy intake were adjusted,multivariate aggression analyses were made. The results showed that hypercholesterolemia was positively associated with dietary fat,cholesterol,and negatively related to ascorbic acid(P < 0.05),and hypertriglyceridemia was positively associated with dietary fat and negatively associated with dietary fiber and vitamin E(P < 0.01). Low level of serum HDL-C was positively associated with carbohydrate,while negatively associated with riboflavin(P < 0.05),and mixed hyperlipidemia was also negatively associated with dietary fiber and vitamin E(P < 0.05). Conclusion:There are different relationships between various hyperlipidemia and nutrients intake.

Abstract:Objective:To study the risk factors and prevention measurements of complication of post-operation cognitive dysfunction(POCD)during transurethral resection of prostate(TURP). Methods:1 052 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients received TURP were retrospectively collected from 2005.7 to 2009.11,including 66 cases diagnosed of POCD. There were 11 evaluation indexes including of age,IPSS score,BMI,cardiopulmonary comorbidities,ASA score,volume of prostate,average operation time,anaesthesia way,transfusion in per-operation or not,second operation or not in short term,suffering psychosis or overdose or not. All above were analyzed with Chi-square test for mono-factor and two dimensional logistic regression analysis for multi-factor. Results:Chi-square test found that age over 73 years,IPSS score over 26,ASA score over Ⅱ,volume of prostate over 40 gram,average operational time over 46 min,comorbidities of cardiopulmonary,anaesthesia way,suffering psychosis or overdose and second operation in short term were significantly related to POCD(P < 0.05)except for other factors of BMI and transfusion in per-operation or not. Logistic regression found age over 73 years,ASA score over II,comorbidities of cardiopulmonary,anaesthesia way and suffering psychosis or overdose were significantly related to POCD(P < 0.05). Conclusion:Risk factors of POCD during TURP included age over 73 years,ASA rank score over II,comorbidities of cardiopulmonary,anaesthesia way(general anaesthesia)and suffering psychosis or overdose. Screen of the risk factors related to POCD will be useful for early diagnosis of POCD and prevention of other complication.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the treatment effect and recovering situation by indexes of cardiac structure,function and hemodynamics before and after ventricular septal defect occlusion using transthoracic echocardiography. Methods:Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in 38 patients with ventricular septal defect occlusion. Left atrial diameter(LAD),left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameter(LVDd/LVDs),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),systolic peak flow velocity over left ventricular outflow tract(VLOVT)and diastolic peak velocity over mitral valve flow(Em/Am)were measured by conventional methods. Tissue doppler imaging on left ventricular wall was detected and peak systolic displacement(Ds),systolic peak velocity(Vs)were measured. Early diastolic peak velocity(E’),late diastolic peak velocity(A’)over mitral annulus and E’ over A’ ratio,Em over E’ ratio were calculated. Results:Early after transcatheter closure,LAD,LVDd and Ds were significantly reduced while VLOVT was increased obviously(P all <0.05). However,there was no significant difference in LVEF and Vs(P > 0.05). Em/E’ was also lower than that before the operation,but no significant difference. One year after occlusion,Em/E′returned to normal level from a high level,and the elevated VLOVT went back to the level before operation. Conclusion:In the early time after transcatheter closure,the patients’ cardiac structure and hemodynamics abnormalities which are caused by the left ventricular volume overload can be corrected. And in the inter-mediate stage after closure,the impaired left ventricular diastolic function can be improved. Echocardiography plays an important role in the evaluation of cardiac function before and after transcatheter closure.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the effect of the antioxidant tiopronin on chemotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods:Study subjects included the patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC diagnosed and treated between June 2004 and December 2007 at Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Research Institute. The patients(Group A)were treated with tiopronin combined with first-line chemotherapy. We ramdomly selected the same number of advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients who were not treated with tiopronin during first-line chemotherapy as control group(Group B). A total of 246 patients were enrolled. All data were analyzed using the State 8.0 statistical software. Results:The objective response rate of Group A versus Group B were 22.0% versus 19.5%(P=0.64),and disease control rate were 78.9% versus 74.0%(P=0.37),respectively. In Group B patients had higher neutropenia(54.4%)than that in Group A(41.5%)(P=0.041). The median progression-free survival of two groups were 6.2[95% confidence interval(CI),4.4~8.2]and 4.5(95%CI:4.2~6.4)months,respectively,with corresponding median overall survival were 11.8(95%CI:10.2~13.8)and 9.8(95%CI:8.7~11.3)months(P > 0.05). 1-year overall survival rates for patients in Group A and Group B were 48.8% and 35.8%(P=0.028),respectively. Conclusion:There were no differences in overall survival,progression-free survival,response rates and disease control rate between two groups,but tiopronin concurrent with first-line chemotherapy could reduce neutropenia and improve 1-year overall survival in patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate clinical efficacy and safety of gefitinib as single-agent maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Methods:A total number of 60 adults advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma patiensts were enrolled in this clinical trial,and randomized into gefitinib treatment group and observation control group after conventional cisplatin-base chemotherapy. Gefitinib was oral administered at the dose of 250 mg/d in treatment group as maintenance therapy,the primary end point was defined as death from any cause or disease progression. Median progression free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results:Median PFS in gefitinib group was 8.2 months(95%CI:7.6~8.8)vs 5.2 months(95%CI:4.6~5.8)in observation group(P < 0.01),and median OS was 15.0 months(95%CI:12.2~17.8)vs 8.8 months(95%CI:8.5~9.1)respectively(P < 0.01). The major toxic effects of gefitinib were rash,acne,diarrhea and anorexia,all of which were manageable after supportive treatment,and no therapy-associated death occurred. Conclusion:Single-agent gefitinib as maintenance therapy can prolong PFS and OS of advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients significantly,and side effects are manageable.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the chronic function damage of the salivary gland by high dose of 131I in the treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC). Methods:Salivary gland scintigraphy,for function evaluation,were made before and 6~39 months after high dose of 131I treatment on 143 patients with DTC after thyroid ablation. Results:21.7%(31/143)patients with DTC suffered from chronic salivary gland damage after 131I treatment. And the incidence of chromic damage was more predominant in patients received repeated 131I therapy(aggregated dose ranging from 7.4~37.0 GBq)than those treated with once 131I therapy(dose less than 3.7 GBq).(P < 0.005). Conclusion:Repeating and large dose of 131I treatment is more common in the causes of chronic salivary gland damage.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the serum thymidine kinase 1(TK1)as a tumor marker for early tumor detection and monitoring chemotherapy effect on breast cancer patients operated. Methods:A sensitive chemiluminescence dot-blot assay was used to detect serum TK1 level in breast cancer patients(48 cases),including post-treated breast cancer patients(14 cases). Results:Forty eight cases had the pathological stage data. In order to exam the effect of chemotherapy,14 cases were chose to be followed-up for 1~3 months. Serous TK1 level in 10 of 14 cases was decreased to the level of healthy volunteers;four in 14 cases had a increased serous TK1 level,and one of them progressed bone metastasis one year later. Conclusion:Serous TK1 level has a correlation to the proliferation of breast cancer cell. Serum TK1 is a favorable and helpful marker for monitoring the response of chemotherapy.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the effect of the GIK united torasemide on traumatic brain edema and recovery of neuronal function. Methods:Ninety patients with craniocerebral injury were randomly divided into control group,GIK group and group of GIK united torasemide according to different grades of Glasgow coma score. Each group had totally 30 patients including ten people with 3~8 score,10 with 9~11 score and 10 with 12~14 score. The head MRI was performed after 3 days and 14 days;the levels of the CRP,TNF-α,IL-6,white blood cell(WBC),neutrophil,SOD and MDA were measured on the 2 nd day and 14 th day;the EEG,Glasgow score was analyzed on the 14 th day. Results:The levels of the CRP,TNF-a,IL-6,WBC,neutrophil and MDA in the GIK group and the group of GIK united torasemide were significantly lower than those in the control group(P < 0.01),while the level of the SOD in the GIK group and the group of GIK united torasemide was significantly higher than that in the control group(P < 0.01),and the GIK group was not significantly different from the group of GIK united torasemide. The indexes mentioned above were not significantly different in every group on the second day. The levels of cerebral edema,the EEG,the Glasgow coma score in the group of GIK united torasemide were significantly better than others groups on the 14 th day. Conclusion:By reducing inflammatory cytokines and the excitability of the damaged neurons,anti-oxidation and dehydration,the treatment of GIK united torasemide can significantly reduce traumatic brain edema and promote recovery of neuronal function.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the efficacy of allograft bone in posterior spinal fusion in thoracolumbar fracture. Methods:33 patients with thoracolumbar fracture,who underwent posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion using allograft or autograft bone,were evaluated prospectively. All of the patients were randomized into group A(16 cases using only allograft bone)and group B(17 cases using only autograft iliac bone). The mean operative duration,average blood loss and complications between the two groups were analyzed comparatively. Fusion rate and Oswestry score at 24 weeks after surgery of the 2 groups were calculated respectively. Results:Group A was better than group B by a shorter operative duration,less blood loss. Fusion rate at 24 weeks after surgery of the two groups was 100%. There was no significant difference of Oswestry score at 24 weeks after surgery between the 2 groups. Conclusion:A satisfactory outcome can be achieved in posterior spinal fusion in thoracolumbar fracture using allograft bone.

Abstract:Objective:To analyze and summarize the clinical results and complications after operative fixation for displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures. Methods:From March 2005 to May 2008,41 cases of calcaneal fractures in 36 patients were treated with open reduction and anatomic plate fixation,most of them were supplemented with bioglass,and 5 with bilateral fractures. There were 32 men and 4 women,with a mean age of 36.5 years(range 20~59 years). Sixteen of the fractures were on the left side and 25 were on the right. All the fractures were closed. According to Sanders classification,16 cases were type Ⅱ,21 for type Ⅲ,and 4 for type Ⅳ. Results:All the patients were followed up with an average 16 months(ranged from 8 to 36 months). The clinical results were evaluated according to Maryland Foot Score,and excellent results were achieved in 20 cases,good for 15,average for 4,and poor for 2. The excellent and good rate was 85.4%. Early complications were found in 3 cases of wound necrosis. Late complications were found in 2 cases of subtalar arthritis. Conclusion:Open reduction and internal fixation for displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures is a good method. The wound complications can be minimized by following measurements:to take care of soft tissue of incision in pre-,intra-and postoperation period;to choose optimal time for operation and finished the operation by the experienced surgeon.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the safety and effectiveness of hydrodissection with diclofenac sodium and nuclear rotation on the prevention of posterior capsular opacity. Methods:179 patients(200 eyes)with age-related cataract were divided into four groups randomly and underwent phacoemulsification with IOL implantation. Hydrodissection was done with balanced salt solution,lidocaine,diclofenac sodium,diclofenac sodium and nuclear rotation in group A,B,C,and D respectively. Visual acuity,corneal endothelial cell density and grade of posterior capsular opacity(PCO) were measured. Results:There were no significant differences between four groups in the best corrected visual acuity and corneal endothelial cell density(P > 0.05). The PCO score of group C and D were lower than group A and B,and the PCO score of group D was lower than group C. Conclusion:Hydrodissection with diclofenac sodium and nuclear rotation is effective in preventing posterior capsular opacity and can be safely used in ophthalmic surgical practice.

Abstract:Objective:To compare regional variations of retina macular thickness after near reading performance under binocular viewing conditions in emmetropic and myopic subjects. Methods:Retina macular thicknesses of 9 different areas in the right eye were measured in emmetropes and myopes before and after binocular near reading using the by optic coherence tomography(OCT). Results:There was no significant difference in central and inner ring(1~3 mm)macular thicknesses and in volumes between emmetropic and myopic eyes(P > 0.05). The myopic subjects had significantly lower macular thickness than that of the emmetropic subjects in temporal outer(213.0±12.6 vs 225.1±9.5 μm P < 0.05),nasal outer(260.3±14.5 vs 272.3±7.2 μm P < 0.05),and inferior outer quadrant(224.6±12.9 vs 238.9±8.2 μm P < 0.05). The macular thickness had significantly changes after binocular reading task in myopic temporal outer quadrant,while had no changes in emmetropic eye. Conclusion:Retinal thicknesses are related to refractive status in normal subjects with regional variations in correlation within macular region. Regional variations of retina macular changes were found binocular near reading performance in emmetropia and myopia.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the significance of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic nerve head (ONH) measured by RTVue fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) in early diagnosis of glaucoma. Methods:The RNFL thickness and ONH were measured by FD-OCT in 50 patients with glaucoma (76 eyes) and 45 normal subjects(80 eyes) .Comparisons were made between normal and different stages of glaucoma. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves was used to assess the effects of FD-OCT. Results:There were significant differences of RNFL thickness in various quadrants and in mean thickness between normal and glaucomatous groups (P < 0.001). There were significant differences of all ONH parameters between normal and glaucomatous eyes except disc area(P < 0.001).The highest ROC values were mean RNFL thickness, cup/disc vertical ratio, cup/disc area ratio and cup area between normal and all glaucomatous eyes. The highest ROC values were mean RNFL thickness, cup/disc area ratio and cup area between normal and early glaucoma. Conclusion:RTVue FD-OCT may offer comprehensive analysis for RNFL thickness and ONH, which show good diagnostic ability in distinguishing normal from glaucomatous eyes.

Abstract:Objective:To study the relationship between the indwelling time of intravenous catheter system injection of different types of drugs and degree of vascular injury. Methods:Totally 60 New Zealand rabbits were selected as study samples and evenly divided into three groups randomly. The veins at the edges of the two ears were taken out as the tested blood vessels for the infusion with intravenous catheter system. The three groups were injected respectively with doxorubicin,20% mannitol and physiological saline once daily,and then blocked with heparin salt water. After intraperitoneal anesthesia,pathological sections were prepared by taking live samples from the ear vein where intravenous catheter system puncturing on the 2 nd,4 th,6 th,8 th and 7 th day of transfusion,and changes of vascular and peri-vascular tissues were observed under microscope. Results:In the same indwelling time,the inflammatory response of the three groups was compared:there were no differences at the 2nd,8th and 10th day(P > 0.05),but significant differences were observed on the 4 th,6 th day(P < 0.05). Comparison of thrombosis showed that there were no differences at the 2 nd,and,4 th day(P > 0.05)but with markable difference observed at the 6 th,8 th and,10 th day(P < 0.05). The comparison of inflammatory response and thrombosis situation in different parts in the same group showed obviously difference(P < 0.05). Conclusion:The indwelling time of Intravenous Catheter System should be set according to the type of drugs. Two-day of indwelling time is suitable for strong irritant substances,which should not be more than 72 h. The indwelling time of the weak irritant drugs by intravenous catheter system injection may be appropriate to extend with limitation of 7 days.