Abstract:Objective:To study the expression of receptor accessory protein 6(REEP6) in the testis and sperm of adult male humans,and approach the potential function of the protein in the male reproductive system. Methods:The expression of REEP6 in human testis and sperm was confirmed by Western blot. Immunohistochemical staining was used for detecting REEP6 localization in testis tissue,and immunofluorescent staining was used for detecting REEP6 localization in both testis and sperm before and after the acrosome reaction. Results:REEP6 was presented in both human testis and sperm. In the testis,REEP6 immunoreactive particles were observed mainly in the membrane of different stages of spermatogenic cells. In human sperm,its immunoreactivity was restrictively localized to the posterior head where sperm-egg fusion took place,and the REEP6 localization was not affected by sperm acrosome reaction. Conclusion:Expression of REEP6 in the male reproductive system of the adult human exhibits cell-and region-specific patterns,which suggests that they may play an important role in spermatogenesis and/or sperm-egg fusion.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate whether Angiotensin Ⅱprotects mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from hypoxic injury. Methods:The MSCs were isolated and cultured,and their purities were identified with the spindle-fibroblastic morphology characterization by microphotograph,and the phenotypes were tested by flow cytometry with anti-CD29 and anti-CD11b/c antibodies. Before preconditioned by AngⅡ,the MSCs were treated with or without angiotensin 1(AT1) receptor antagonist losartan,angiotensin 2(AT2) receptor antagonist PD123319. Then the cells were suffered from hypoxia and serum deprivation for 24 hours. The cell viability and apoptosis were determined by trypan blue staining,MTT,CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC staining. Results:① MSCs expressed CD29,but not the CD11b/c. The purity of MSCs employed in this study was up to 97%;② AngⅡpreconditioning (PC) markedly protected MSCs from hypoxic injury. However,these effects were abolished by prior treatment with losartan rather than PD123319. Conclusion:These results suggest that AngⅡpreconditioning protects MSCs from hypoxic injury through AT1 receptor.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the feasibility and safety of transcatheter aortic valve prosthesis replacement in a sheep model. Methods:Under the guidance of fluoroscopy and echocardiography,the self-expanding nitinol stents integrated with porcine pericardial valves were transcatheterly implanted at the native position of eight sheep through the common carotid artery using 18F delivery systems. Immediately after the procedure,the aortic-root angiogram,left ventriculargraphy and echocardiography were carried out to evaluate the function of the prosthetic valve and its influence on coronary flow or mitral valve. Results:Six animals were successfully implanted with the prosthesis without obstruction of the coronary artery orifice. The procedure failed in two sheep as a result of malposition. Lethal heart failture occurred in one sheep due to too inferior positioning of the prosthesis,and the other died of acute myocardial infarction related life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia with too superior positioning of the prosthesis. Conclusion:The aortic valve prosthesis consisted of self-expanding nitinol stent and porcine pericardial valve,and could be successfully implanted using a retrograde approach via the common carotid artery with gratifying immediate outcomes.

Abstract:Objective:To develop a new method of measuring infarct size by staining hearts in vivo after ischemia-reperfusion,and compare with the traditional method of staining in vitro to determine its feasibility. Methods:Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 30 min myocardial ischemia and 6 h reperfusion by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography and serum creatine kinase(CK) activity was also measured by a biochemical analyzer. After reperfusion for 24 h,hearts were staining by triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC)-Evans blue in vitro or in vivo. Infarct area(IA)/ risk area (RA) was calculated. Finally we compared the success rate of the two methods,and made correlation analysis of the IA/RA with serum CK activity. Results:There was no significant difference in IA/RA staining by the two different methods. However,success rate of staining in vivo was significant higher than that of staining in vitro. Besides,compared with staining in vitro,there was a stronger correlation between IA/RA and CK activity by staining in vivo. Conclusion:The method of staining in vivo is much easier to operate,and it can evaluate the damage by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury more accurately than that of staining in vitro.

Abstract:Objective:To study the protective effects of JNK(the c-Jun NH-terminal kinase)inhibitor and NAC (N-acetylcysteine) on neuronal apoptosis induced by oxyen-glucose deprivation/regain in vitro. Methods:The oxygen-glucose deprivation/regain (OGD/R) models were established in vitro. The neurons were exposed to OGD 4h before being placed into normal culture medium. Group A was taken as a blank control. Spinal cord neurons received the JNK inhibitor and NAC treatment before regaining the oxygen-glucose in group B and C,respectively. The neuronal apoptosis were detected by MTT assay in different time points(4 h,12 h,24 h after regaining oxygen-glucose). Results:The model of OGD/R in spinal cord neurons was successfully established. Cell viability in MTT assay were higher in group B and group C than that in group A, and there was no significant difference between group B and group C. Conclusion:The JNK inhibitor and NAC can effectively protect neurons from apoptosis induced by OGD/R.

Abstract:Objective:To study whether Abba1’s C-terminal region might participate in the formation of membrane ruffling. Methods:Several recombinant plasmids,such as pEGFP,pEGFP-hAbba1,pEGFP-hAbba1-IMD,pEGFP-hAbba1-del-357-722aa-WH2 were prepared. COS7 cells were transiently transfected with these plasmids,respectively. Immunofluorescent microscopy was carried out to detect the formation of membrane protrusions. And GTP-bound Rac1(GTP-Rac1)in cell lysates was determined by pull-down with GST-PAK-CRIB followed by Western blot with Rac1 antibody. Results:From immunofluorescent microscopy,unlike overexpression of Abba1 inducing the formation of membrane ruffling,cells overexpressing Abba1-IMD or Abba1-del-357-722aa-WH2 displayed microspikes. Pull-down combined Western blot analysis revealed that the relative level of GTP-Rac1 was increased in the cells with overexpression of Abba1. However,the level was decreased in cells transfected with Abba1-IMD and Abba1-del-357-722aa-WH2. Conclusion:The data indicated that C-terminal region affected Abba1 inducing membrane ruffling in COS7 cells,which was connected with the decrescent level of GTP-Rac1.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of 3-D simulated microgravity culture on human hepatic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Methods:The human hepatic stem cells,which were isolated from human fetal livers,were seeded in simulated microgravity 3-D Rotary Cell Culture System,conventional static culture and microcarrier culture system respectively. Cell morphology and growth pattern were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cellular proliferative activity and viability were assessed by monitoring the glucose consumption and lactate dehydrogenase activity in culture supernatants respectively. The specific transcripts of hepatic progenitors (ALB,EpCAM,CK19,AFP,HNF6,CYP3A4,CYP3A7) in different culture systems were detected by quantitative RT-PCR. Results:The hepatic stem cells,cultured in simulated microgravity 3-D culture system,efficiently adhered to the collagen-coated microcarriers and formed complex,multilayered 3-D aggregates. A massive extracellular matrix and microvillus were observed on the surface of 3-D aggregates under SEM. The glucose consumption in culture supernatants increased on day 9 and reached its peak level on day 17,whereas,the LDH activity maintained in low level. The RNA isolated from cells on day 21 demonstrated higher levels of EpCAM,ALB,CK19,HNF6 and CYP3A7,but no AFP or CYP3A4,compared with those from the cells in microcarrier culture system (P < 0.05). These results showed that hepatic stem cells proliferated more efficiently with more stable phenotypes in simulated microgravity 3-D culture system than in control cultures. Conclusion:Simulated microgravity 3-D culture system provides superior conditions for hepatic stem cells survival and proliferation, and should be useful for generating cells that can be used in bioartificial liver support systems or tissue engineered liver grafts.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of fluvastatin and losartan on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) biosynthesis by human podocyte treated with angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ). Methods:Cultured human podocytes were incubated with AngⅡfor 24 h at the concentration from 10-9 to 10-5 mol/L to choose the suitable concentration,and the optimal treatment time were chosed at the AngⅡ concentration of 10-7 mol/L after treated different times(0,6,12 and 24 hours). The podocytes were incubated with AngⅡ(10-7 mol/L) and different concentrations of fluvastatin(10-7~10-5 mol/L) for 24 h to choose the suitable concentration of fluvastatin. Then the podocytes were incubated with AngⅡ(10-7 mol/L) and different concentrations of losartan(10-6~10-4 mol/L) for 24 h to choose the suitable concentration of losartan. Finally,the podocytes were incubated by AngⅡ(10-7 mol/L) with fluvastatin and losartan(both 10-6 mol/L),and VEGF expression was detected using Western bolt. Results:①VEGF synthesis by human podocyte cultured in AngⅡ medium increased obviously at the concentration of 10-7 mol/L after 24 h. ②Fluvastatin or losartan inhibited VEGF expression stimulated by AngⅡ,and the 10-5 mol/L of fluvastatin and the 10-4 mol/L of losartan had the most siginificant effect. ③Fluvastatin(10-6 mol/L) combined with losartan(10-6 mol/L) inhibited VEGF expression more siginificantly than the effect of each alone. Conclusion:It is suggested that AngⅡ stimulates VEGF biosynthesis by human podocyte in a time and concentration pattern. Both fluvastatin and losartan can inhibit this effect,and they have synergistic inhibitory effects.

Abstract:Objective:To establish a method of inducing and culturing dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow in vitro,and observe their biological feature and function of stimulating T lymphocytes proliferate in different stages. Methods:Mononuclear cells isolated from mouse bone marrow were induced into dendritic cells by being cultured with GM-CSF and IL-4,and then examined from aspects of morphology,phenotype and function. Results:Modality of mononuclear cells diversified after being cultured in GM-CSF and IL-4 for 3 days,and growthing clustered-liked. When culturing for 5 days,typical morphology with dendritic processes can be observed. A large number of morphologically typical dendritic cells were observed after culturing for 8 days,under scan electron microscope. DCs displayed typical morphology with dendritic processes and high expressed specific marker of bone marrow derived DC-CD11c and costimulatory molecules of CD40,CD80,CD86 and MHC-Ⅱ. Mature BMDC could stimulate syngenic and allogenic mixed lymphocyte proliferation. Conclusion:A large number of dendritic cells can be generated by culturing the mononuclear cells derived from mouse bone marrow in vitro,and thus will lay a foundation for future research in producing the anti-tumor vaccine.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the curative effect of ultrasound-mediated transdermal drug delivery combined with compound ossotide on treatment of fracture. Methods:Forty mature New Zealand rabbits were prepared and the 3mm-long bone defects were made in both radii of each rabbit as fracture model. Right limbs belong to experimental groups (therapy groups) and left limbs belong to control groups. X-ray imaging,observation of light microscope and morphometry of osseous tissue were performed to assess the degree of fracture healing in both groups at the end of 2 th,4 th,6 th and 8 th week postoperatively. Results:All results showed that callus formation and bone linking in experimental gruops were much earlier than that in control groups(P < 0.05). Conclusion:The ultrasound-mediated transdermal drug delivery combined with compound ossotide has a positive effect on the whole process of fracture healing.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of anti brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) high affinity receptor tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) antibodies on nitric oxide(NO) concentration in rat hippocampus after forebrains ischemia. Methods:Hippocampal NO concentration was measured directly by an NO-selective electrode method,and hippocampal blood flow was measured with laser Doppler flowmetry. Liquid was continously infused at a rate of 0.08 μl/min by a microinfusion pump before 20 minutes of cerebral ischemia. Results:There was no significant diffence in NO concentration and the hippocampal blood flow among control group,physiological saline group and experimental group before and during cerebral ischemia. NO concentration of experimental group significantly decreased compared with that of control and saline group. Conclusion:Anti-TrkB antibody significantly reduced nitric oxide concentration in hippocampus after cerebral ischemia.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the SIRT1 expressions in gastric cancer tissue and the potential association with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of the patients. Methods:The clinicopathological and survival information of the 142 cases who underwent radical gastrectomy at Nantong Cancer Hospital from January 1990 to December 1995,was collected to establish a combined database. The tissue microarray was made from the paraffin embed gastric cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent nontumoral gastric tissues from 142 resectable patients. Expressions of SIRT1 were evaluated by a semi-quantitative immunoreactivity scoring (IRS) procedure. The correlations between the expressions of the SIRT1 and clinicopathological as well as survival characteristics of patients were further analyzed. Results:Expressions of SIRT1 were significantly lower in cancer lesions than in adjacent noncancerous tissues. Low tumoral SIRT1 expression was associated with depth of invasion,presence of lymph node metastasis,high pTNM stage and poor differentiation,respectively. Importantly,reduced SIRT1 expressions in cancerous tissues were significantly correlated with shorter overall survival(OS) in patients (HR = 0.205,95%CI:0.124~0.339,P < 0.001). Conclusion:SIRT1 might be a novel biomarker for evaluating progression and prognosis of resectable gastric cancer patients.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the amplification of the hTERC gene in cervical adenocarcinomas(CA) and its role in pathologic diagnosis and prognostic evaluation. Methods:A total of 38 paraffin-embedded samples were collected from patients diagnosed as CA in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to NJMU from Jan,2006 to Dec,2009,and 37 samples diagnosed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) with normal cervical gland were severed as control group. These samples were analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) to detect the amplification of hTERC gene in the both group. Results:The positive rate of hTERC expression in the adenocarcinoma group and the control group was 84.21%(32/38)and 0%(0/37),respectively. There were significant differences (P < 0.01) between those two groups. The sensitivity of hTERC was 84.21%(32/38),the specificity was 100%(37/37),the positive predictive value was 100%(32/32),the negative predictive value was 86.05%(37/43). The results indicate that different subtypes of the cervical adenocarcinomas had different positive detection rate. The amplification of hTERC gene in well differentiated CA was different form that in moderate and poor differentiated CA(P < 0.05). The most common hybridization signals of the control group were 2∶2,while the abnormal amplification of adenocarcinoma had 2∶3,2∶4,2∶5,3∶3,4∶4 and N∶N. According to information of the 30 patients with detailed follow-up,there was no correlation between prognosis and the different amplification levels(P > 0.05). Conclusion:The hTERC amplification increases significantly in cervical adenocarcinomas,and the hTERC gene amplification level changes with the differentiation degree. It can be regarded as the pathological assisted diagnosis index of cervical adenocarcinomas. The correlation of the high-frequency amplification of hTERC and the poor prognosis of the cervical adenocarcinomas is as yet unknown.

Abstract:Objective:To compare the differences and correlations between MET4 and C-28 in detection of the expression of MET in pancreatic cancer. Methods:In 67 pancreatic cancer cases,C-28 and MET4 was used to analyze the expression of MET by indirect immunohistochemistry (IHC) method,the results were evaluated by quantitative image analysis system. Results: The positive rates of MET4 and C-28 in detection of MET in pancreatic cancers are 70.1% and 71.6%,separately. No significant difference was found in the results between these two antibodies(-字2 = 0.980,P = 0.387). Correlation:analysis showed no significant correlation between C-28 and MET4(r = -0.127,P = 0.307). 84.2% (16/19) cases which not detected by C28 were detected by MET4,and 85.0% (17/20) cases which not detected by MET4 were detected by C-28. C-28 has positive staining in islet and normal pancreatic epithelial which don’t express MET protein,while MET4 has no staining. Conclusion:MET4 has a higher specificity to detect MET expression in pancreatic cancer than C-28.

Abstract:Objective:To study the relationship between plasma DNA levels and metastasis of tumors,evaluate the method of early diagnosis of cancer metastasis. Methods:SPC-A1 were injected into BALB/c mice through the peritoneal cavity. We detected the levels of plasma DNA once a week. Tumors were harvested 7 weeks after tumor cells’ injection,and the metastasis conditions of tumors were also observed. Results:The percentage of mice with plasma DNA increased was 75.6% (34/45),the plasma DNA levels at 3rd weeks and subsequent time points after injection were significantly higher than that at the first week (P < 0.05). Among the mice in group with increased or continued increased plasma DNA,73.5%(25/34) were found lung cancer. However,in the plasma DNA levels non-increased group,27.3%(3/11) were found lung cancer. Statistical analysis showed that plasma DNA levels of continued increased group and increased group was significantly higher than those of non-elevated group (P < 0.05). The levels of plasma DNA correlate with tumor burden(R2 = 0.8703). Conclusion:The levels of plasma DNA increased significantly at an early stage of tumors with the metastasis,the levels of plasma DNA could be used for early detection of tumor metastasis.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the relationship between Toll-like receptor 9(TLR9)expression of breast cancer cells and their invasion. Methods:After using CpG oligonucleotides to stimulate breast cancer cells,the expression level of TLR9,the viability and invasion of breast cancer cells were examined by Western blot,Transwell and MTT. Results:TLR9 was expressed in MDA-MB-231 and could be promoted by CpG oligonucleotides,but was not in MCF-7. The invasion was enhanced while TLR9 up-regulated. Conclusion:TLR9 plays an important role in the invasion process of breast cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of 2-Deoxy- D-glucose (2-DG) on the cell cycle and apoptosis of human esophageal cancer(EC) Eca109 cells. Methods:At two different levels of O2(19% and 1%),treating with various concentrations (0,5,10, 20,40,80 mmol/L) of 2-DG for 24 h,the cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Results:After treatment with 2-DG at concentrations of 0 and 80 mmol/L 2-DG for 24 h,the proportion of G1 phase cells under 19% level of O2 were (44.87 ± 0.99)% and (64.60 ± 2.17)%,the apoptotic Eca109 cells reached (3.90 ± 1.61)% and (7.23 ± 1.43)%,respectively. While at 1% O2 level,the proportion of G1 phase cells were (54.23 ± 1.42)% and (87.74 ± 2.19)% (P < 0.05),and the apoptotic Eca109 cells reached (38.02 ± 1.42)% and (68.72 ± 1.47)% (P < 0.05),respectively. Conclusion:2-DG is able to significantly induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis effectively in a dose-dependent manner, and under hypoxic conditions,Eca109 cells become more hypersensitized to 2-DG.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the feasibility of monitoring liver fat content changes by proton maganetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in patients with cancer of mammary gland. Methods:Thirty patients with breast cancer who were receiving postoperative chemotherapy were included. 1H-MRS was acquired before chemotherapy,after three or six cycles treatment. All scans were performed on GE 1.5T MRI system using point-resolved-spectroscopy sequence,and breathing gating were employed. Fat content was calculated by measuring the areas of water and lipid peaks using jMRUI software package. Results:Hepatic fat content increased in 26 patients (26/30) after treatement. Among these patients 21 cases had lipid peak before treatment and the value increased from(5.59 ± 4.86)% to (8.79 ± 6.02)% after three cycles,and reached(15.81 ± 10.73)% after six cycles of treatment. The other 5 patients who had no lipid peak before chemotherapy showed lipid peak during treatment. There were 4 cases (4/30) without showing lipid peak during the whole chemotherapy course. Conclusion:Hepatic fat content increased during chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. 1H-MRS provides a noninvasive tool to monitor hepatic fat content change and detect chemotherapy related liver toxicity.

Abstract:Objective:To study the different expression of miRNA in plasma between gastric cancer patients and healthy people for finding new biomarkers. Methods:The levels of 7 miRNAs (miR-21,-27a,-191,-379,-658,-433,-383) in plasma samples from patients of gastric cancer and healthy controls were measured using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Results:miR-191 and miR-27a both elevated significantly in gastric cancer patients’ plasma(P < 0.001). miR-191 yields an AUC(the area under the ROC curve) of 0.939, with 86.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity in discriminating gastric cancer from controls. miR-27a yields an AUC of 0.881, with 83.33% sensitivity and 86.67% specificity. Conclusion:miR-191 and miR-27a are potential novel biomarkers in detection of gastric cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the expression of pSTAT3 protein and STAT3 mRNA and their significance in cutaneous melanoma. Methods:The expression of pSTAT3 protein and STAT3 mRNA was examined in 90 cases of melanoma and 47 cases of nevus by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, respectively. Results:The positive rates of pSTAT3 protein and STAT3 mRNA were 56.7% and 47.8%, which were significantly higher than those in the nevus. Both the expression of pSTAT3 protein and STAT3 mRNA were significantly correlated to depth of tumor invasion and tumor lymph node metastasis. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between the expression of pSTAT3 protein and STAT3 mRNA in melanoma. Conclusion:The expression of STAT3 was closely correlated to the tumor growth, invasion and metastasis, suggesting STAT3 might play an important role in the cutaneous melanoma development and progression.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the prognosis of VEGFR-2 expression and its correlation with the clinical pathological characteristics in the parenchyma of NSCLC. Methods:The tissue microarray (TMA) technique and immunohistochemistry stain were used to detect the expression of VEGFR-2 protein in 217 non-small cell lung cancer tissues. Results:The positive expression rate of VEGFR-2 in parenchyma of NSCLC is 63.1%. And the gene expression was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion(P < 0.05). Moreover,the median survival for patients with the positive expression of VEGFR-2 was longer by 12 months than that for patients with negative expression(P < 0.049). Conclusion:VEGFR-2 plays an important role in the genesis,devedopment and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the relationship between genetic and epigentic modification of CTSD gene enhancer and breast cancer metastasis. Methods:CTSD gene enhancer sequence was detected in 152 cases of breast cancer specimens and paracancerous tissues using PCR amplification. CTSD gene enhancer demethylation state was observed in breast cancer by methylation-specific restriction enzyme digestion combined with PCR amplification. Results:There is no meaningful mutational site in CTSD gene enhancer sequencing. Our genetic research shows that incidence of methylation are 85.3% in metastatic breast cancer enhancer and 51.9% in non metastatic breast cancer. However no methylation is observed in paracancerous tissues. So both of the methylation incidence in metastatic and non-metastatic tissues are significantly different from that in paracancerous tissues. Conclusion:The functional regulation in CTSD gene enhancer does not suffer from the influence of genetic mutations. The demethylation incidence in CTSD enhancer is high related to metastasis of breast cancer. Therefore,demethylation level in CTSD gene enhancer may be the prognostic indicator of breast cancer.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the effects of Resveratrol on the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell lines. Methods:Gastric cancer cell lines BGC823 and SGC7901 were treated with Resveratrol (0~150 μmol/L) for different time (24~72 h). The proliferation,apoptosis and survivin protein expression of gastric cancer cells were detected by the CCK-8 kit,flow cytometry and Western blot,respectively. Results:Resveratrol inhibited the proliferation of BGC823 and SGC7901 in dose-and time-dependant model. The early and late apoptosis rates of BGC823 and SGC7901 were highly increased by treatment of 150 μmol/L Resveratrol for 72 h,while Survivin protein expression decreased significantly (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Resveratrol inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of BGC823 and SGC7901,in which the down-regulation of survivin protein may be involved.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the relationship between expression of HER4,HER2,ER and PR and evaluate them on the clinical prognosis of human breast carcinoma. Methods:The expressions of HER4,HER2,ER and PR were studied in 105 cases with breast carcinoma by using SP immunohistochemistry. The endpoint of follow-up was disease free survival(DFS). Results:HER2,HER4,ER and PR expression were detected in 105 cases with positive rates of 37.14%,20.00%,40.00%,28.27%,respectively. The expression intensity of HER2,HER4,ER and PR in breast carcinoma had no significant correlation with the age,lymph node metastasis,pathological types,TNM stage,chemotherapy of the patients(P > 0.05). HER4 can be a co-activator of ER and PR expression(P = 0.030,P = 0.028). Compared with those with HER4-positive profiles,patients with HER4-negative profiles had significantly lower DFS(P = 0.039). Patients with HER4-positive and HER2-negative expression profiles had significantly longer DFS(P = 0.000) than other groups. Conclusion:HER4 expression is an independent predictor of breast cancer. Patients with HER4-positive have longer DFS, and HER4 can be a co-activator of ER and PR.

Abstract:Objective:To forecast the incidence rate of measles in Jiangsu province by ARIMA model and discuss the method to improve its veracity. Methods:Based on the reported data of measles of Jiangsu province from 1980 to 2005,model was fitted to check out the sample from 2006 to verify its practicability. Firstly,used the difference method to make the data sequence become placid. Secondly,parameters of model was estimated and set up a product season model by deciding the rank of it. Finally,the goodness-of-fit was given to analyze and evaluate the model. By which to explore the method to early warning of measles. Results:After an obviously ascending in 2005,the measles incidence rate kept steady,but for some slight fluctuation,which was fit to the practical situation. Conclusion:It is practical to apply the approach of ARIMA product season model to predict measles in Jiangsu Province by test,providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the epidemic.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the association between the TGFB1 T869C polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility. Methods:PubMed and CMB databases were searched to get the case-control studies on the association between the T869C polymorphism and RA susceptibility. Further,OR with the association was obtained from the meta-analysis. Then heterogeneity,stratified analysis,and publication bias test were conducted in the study. Results:A total of seven eligible studies with 1 122 RA cases and 1 132 controls were included in this meta-analysis. No significant association was found in any genetic model between the T869C polymorphism and RA risk using fixed model or random model. However,in the subgroup of races,we found that the T869C polymorphism was significantly associated with risk of AR in codominant and dominant model among Asians. Conclusion:The TGFB1 T869C polymorphism may contribute to RA risk among Asians.

Abstract:Objective:To ascertain if there is difference between the development and linear growth of children diagnosed with diabetes who have been receiving insulin pigment and unaffected children. Methods:Retrospective analysis of 57 children with diabetes who were diagnosed from the ages of 6 to 10 years old(26 boys and 31 girls),record their height and weight until they reached their 18th birthday. Results:At the onset of diabetes,diabetic children were slightly taller than unaffected children. When they reached their finial height,they were slightly shorter than unaffectd people,however,there was no significant difference between the two groups both in these two periods. The onset of puberty was delayed significantly both in boys and girls. The median age of onset of puberty was 12.62(95%CI 11.54~12.50) years in diabetic boys versus 10.55(10.27~10.79) years in general-population boys and 11.13(95%CI 10.8~11.46) years versus 9.2(9.06~9.32) years in girls,with the menarche of diabetic girls starting at 14.15(13.64~14.65) years versus 12.27(12.16~12.39) years. All the children with diabetes were thinner than the general-population children when they were diagnosed [male BMI:(14.45 ± 1.35) kg/m2 versus(16.08 ± 0.59) kg/m2,t = -0.63,P < 0.05;female BMI:(13.50 ± 1.87) kg/m2 versus(15.46 ± 0.45) kg/m2,t = -6.67,P < 0.05],however,as they reached their finial height,they became fatter,especially the females[male BMI(21.43±1.62)kg/m2 versus(20.80 ± 0.00) kg/m2,t = 1.97,P > 0.05;female BMI(23.95 ± 2.37) kg/m2 versus(20.30 ± 0.00) kg/m2,t = 8.60,P < 0.05]. Conclusion:The development of patients with diabetes who have been receiving insulin pigment were still adversely affected but the finial height haven’t been affected significantly. All the children,especially girls,became fatter when they reached their finial height.

Abstract:Objective:To analyze the effect of abnormal glucose metabolism on left ventricular function of senile patients with coronary heart disease through echocardiogram. Methods:Total 87 cases of patients with coronary heart disease but without myocardial infarction were definitely diagnosed by coronary angiography. According to the diagnosis and classification criteria,all of the patients were divided into the following three groups:diabetes mellitus(DM) group,impaired glucose tolerance(IGR) group and normal glucose metabolism group. Left ventricular eject faction(LVEF) and left atrium volume index(LAVI) were assessed by two dimensional echocardiography. The mitral valve and aortic valve blood flow spectra were obtained through pulse Doppler. Vp of early flow into the left ventricular cavity in normal and hypertensive patients were measured by color M-mode Doppler echocardiography. The mitral flow velocity was measured and the E/A was calculated. The mitral annular early diastolic velocities(Em) were determined by DTI(Doppler tissue imaging),and the E/Em and Tei index were calculated. Then the function parameters of the three groups were compared with the control. Results:Compared with normal glucose metabolism group,the patients from DM group and IGR group had higher left ventricular Tei index,E/Em,and LAVI,lower Vp,and the differences between them were significant. What’s more,the above four parameters correlated well. Conclusion:To patients with coronary heart disease simultaneously without myocardial infarction,LAVI,E/Em,Vp and left ventral Tei index could reflect the influence of glucose metabolism disorders on left ventral function earlier than index of EF and E/A.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the attenuation corrected(AC) 99m Tc-MIBI gated myocardial perfusion single photon emission tomography (G-SPECT) for the assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF). Methods:Total 69 patients probably with coronary artery disease were enrolled in this study. All of them underwent resting G-SPECT and two dimensional echocardiography (2-DE). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic volume(EDV) and left ventricular end-systolic volume (ESV) were acquired from attenuation corrected and non-attenuation corrected (NC) 99mTc-MIBI G-SPECT and 2-DE. T test and correlation analysis were used to compared the parameter of heart function. Results:① EDV and ESV measured by AC and NC G-SPECT were (79.6 ± 33.4) ml and (87.4 ± 34.8) ml (P < 0.01),and (33.8 ± 29.9) ml and (36.7 ± 31.9) ml (P < 0.01). EDV and ESV measured by AC were positively correlated with EDV and ESV measured by NC (rEDV = 0.99,y = 1.04x + 4.73,P < 0.01;rESV = 0.99,y = 1.06x + 0.79,P < 0.01). ② LVEF determined by AC and NC G-SPECT were (60.3 ± 9.2)% and (60.8 ± 9.9)%. No statistical significance was observed between them. However,the positive correlation was found between them(r = 0.98,y = 1.02x-1.04,P < 0.01). ③ LVEF measured by 2-DE was(54.6 ± 8.9)%,which was markedly lower than them determined by AC and NC (P < 0.01). There were positive correlation between them (rNC = 0.88,y = 0.91x + 10.81,P < 0.01;rESV = 0.81,y = 0.87x + 13.10,P < 0.01). Conclusion:LVEF measured by AC G-SPECT,which is accurate and reliable,correlates well with LVEF determined by NC G-SPECT and 2-DE.

Abstract:Objective:To study the relationship between the insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1)and insulin resistance(IR)in type 2 diabetic patients(T2DM)with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). Methods:The levels of IGF-1,growth hormone(GH) in blood serum of 46 T2DM patients with NAFLD, 45 T2DM patients, 42 healthy persons were determined by chemiluminescence. The levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),fasting insulin(FINS),cholesterol(CH),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),alaninea minotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and -酌-glutamy transpeptidase (GGT) were determined. Ultrasonic inspection of liver was performed. Insulin resistance was assessed by insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR). Results:The level of IGF-1 in T2DM group with NAFLD was lower than that of T2DM group without NAFLD and healthy control group(83.49 ± 43.50 vs 130.34 ± 57.21,182.20 ± 57.15;P < 0.05). The level of HOMA-IR in T2DM group with NAFLD were higher than that of T2DM group without NAFLD and normal control subjects(5.70 ± 2.80 vs 2.82 ± 1.53,1.24 ± 0.45;P < 0.05). The levels of ALT,AST,GGT,TG,CH,LDL-C in group of T2DM with NAFLD were higher than that in other two groups(P < 0.05). The levels of TG,CH,LDL-C in the groups of T2DM with NAFLD and T2DM without NAFLD were higher than that of control subjects(P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the levels of IGF-1 were negatively correlated with HOMA-IR(r = -0.387,P < 0.05). Conclusion:The level of IGF-1 significantly decreased in T2DM patients with NAFLD. Serum IGF-1 was negatively correlated with insulin resistance. Serum IGF-1 may play an important role in the development of T2DM with NAFLD.

Abstract:Objective:To detect expression of BRCA1 in colorectal polypiod lesions,and find its clinical significance in different pit patterns. Methods:According to Kudo criteria, pit patterns observed by magnifying chromoendoscopy include I~V type,nonneoplastic lesion(Ⅰ~Ⅱtype),adenomas lesion(ⅢL~Ⅳ type) and cancer lesion(Ⅴtype). All samples diagnosises were proved by pathological examination. Biopsy specimens were used to detect expression of BRCA1 proteins by SP immunohistochemical method. Results:Total 256 polypoid lesions were observed by magnifying chromoendoscopy. The positive expressions of BRCA1 increased gradually from typeⅠto typeⅤ,and there were statistical significances between every two groups(P < 0.000 1); The positive expresion of BRCA1 protein in cancer lesions was significantly higher than that in adenomas lesions and nonneoplastic lesions(P < 0.000 1). Conclusion:The positive rate of BRCA1 protein expression gradually increased in different pit patterns,especially in cancer lesions diagnosed by magnifying chromoendoscope. It was helpful to find early colorectal cancer by the detection of the BRCA1 protein expression in colorectal lesions combined with magnifying chromoendoscope.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the ultrasound imaging of crowd lumbar spinal at the different ages. Methods:Ultrasound imaging of vertebral column were performed in 122 healthy men who were divided into four groups based on age,teenagers group(groupⅠ,12 ~ 18 y),youth group (groupⅡ,19 ~ 39 y),middle-aged group (groupⅢ,40 ~ 59 y ) and the elderly group (groupⅣ,≥ 60y). A longitudinal paramedian scan of the lumbar spine was performed to locate the L3/L4 lumbar interspace and acquire ultrasound imaging include ligamentum flavum,epidural space,posterior dura,intrathecal space,cauda equine,pulsations of the cauda equina and other related neuraxial structures. A four point numerical scales classification was used to evaluate the image quality after scanning. Results:Total ultrasound visibility score were (24.8 ± 1.6) score of group Ⅰ;(18.5 ± 4.8) score of group Ⅱ;(14.0 ± 2.8) score of group Ⅲ;(10.3 ± 2.9) score of group Ⅳ. There were significant differences among 4 groups (P < 0.01) . With age increasd,imaging score decreased obviously. No difference existed in the ultrasonic imaging score of ligamentum flavum,interlaminar space,posterior dura,epidural space and pulsations of the cauda equina between group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ(P > 0.05),but scores of intrathecal space,cauda equina,equina,and anterior dura-posterior longitudinal ligament complex in group Ⅳ were lower than those of group Ⅲ(P < 0.05). Conclusion:There are significant differences in ultrasound imaging of vertebral column among different age groups. With the age growth,ultrasonic imaging quality decreased obviously. The ultrasonic imaging quality differences were not significant between middle age group and old group,and there is no obvious difference in partial structures between these two group.

Abstract:Objective:To discuss the fault ratio of transpedicle screw fixation in the thoracolumbar ,and analysis the causation and clinical treatments of it. Methods:From 2008 to 2010,total 262 cases that had thoracolumbar disease were treated with 1 207 pedicle screws fixation. The CT and X-ray features of 262 postoperative transpedicle screws placement were analyzed retrospectively, including the screw position, angle and cortical injury. And according to the distance of the screw thread perforated pedical cortical bone, the cortical injuries were divided into four degree,namely Ⅰ 0~2 mm, Ⅱ 2~4 mm,Ⅲ 4~6 mm,Ⅳ 6~8 mm. Results:Of all the pedicle srews,CT and X-ray showed that the pedicle cortical bones were often injured by the screw thread. There were 41 (3.40% )screws perforating the cervical pedicle,24 withⅠ, 12 with Ⅱ,5 with Ⅲ, and 3 with nerve root injury(1.15%). Conclusion:Although pedicles of thoracolumbar are narrow, many faults of transpedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar can be avoided, if we read images clearly before operations, use radiation to locate, probe to check screw channel and choose. suitable screws.