Abstract:Cultural studies of life is a discipline that takes the realistic life as an object of study,especially individual life. Abstract and isolated,empty “individual life” is impossible as the research object,only “the relationship between human life and the world” is the real object. Cultural studies of life has unique theoretical system and irreplaceable methodology,research content and branches.

Abstract:Buddhism ethics essentially is harmonious ethics. Harmonious thought is very important in Chinese Buddhism ethics. The theory of dependent origination is the foundation of moral philosophy in Buddhism ethics. Moral harmony of heart is the root of Buddhism ethics. Because of outer development of heart,and the difference of exist modes in the relations of human,society and nature,Buddhism ethics represents moral harmony of human and human or moral harmony of human and nature,which have rich bioethics contents and thoughts. Harmonious thought in Buddhism ethics is one of the very important thought resources in the course of constructing Chinese bioethics.

Abstract:In both the eastern and western traditions the values of the quality of human life and happiness are commonly used to address the ethical issues associated with abortion. As a young Chinese citizen,born and educated in China,the author argues that aborting a healthy fetus in situations in which the health of the mother is not in serious danger is an immoral act of killing an innocent human being. However,abortion is morally permissible in the cases in which the fetus is affected by serious malformations,the mother’s health is at serious risk because of the pregnancy,and the pregnancy results from a sexual assault. In those cases,a woman has the right to have an abortion. The author’s position on abortion is grounded in Confucian philosophy that encourages both respects of human life as well as making rational decisions in special situations. Some people,especially “pro-life” firmly do not accept “abortion” on the western. The goal of this article is to help readers assume a more tolerant attitude towards women who choose abortion under special circumstances.

Abstract:With assisted reproductive technologies widely used in clinical practice, the related disputes never cease. At present, China’s legislation of assisted reproductive problems remains in a blank state. The resolution of the disputes has brought great challenges in judicial practice. Based on the concept of assisted reproduction disputes, the article discusses the types and characteristics of assisted reproduction and the principles in dispute settlement to provide a reference to the resolution of assisted reproductive problems.

Abstract:In 1939 the emergency hospital scheme came into operation in Britain. It provided priorities to the service patients and war-related casualties in hospital service. The emergency hospital scheme made a contribution to the success of the war,but it deprived the basic medical needs of ordinary civilian sick,overloaded the hospital staffs with work and exposed inequalities in hospital care and hospital feeding. The success of the scheme was attributing to sacrifice of the personal right of health. It was a reflection of British civilians’ patriotism during the war. Meanwhile,it raised serious doubts about the system of medical service and laid the foundation of the postwar health care reform.

Abstract:In order to clarify the change of service quantity and average expense of each time after medical services system integration was made in Zhenjiang city,a comparison analysis on the change of service quantity and average expense of each time between two different periods was made between Zhenjiang and Yangzhou. The results showed that the speed of rise of service quantity in hospitals in Zhenjiang after medical services system integration was faster than that in Yangzhou. In addition,the speed of rise of number of discharged patients at community health service centers in Zhenjiang was faster than that in Yangzhou. The speed of rise of average expense of each time per outpatients and per inpatients in Zhenjiang was lower than that in Yangzhou between two different periods. However,the level of average expense of each time per outpatients and per inpatients in Zhenjiang was higher than that in Yangzhou. In the end,the article put forward some preliminary recommendations.

Abstract:The article summarized the present situation of our country’s social capital run medical,revealed the existing problems in the process of private hospital development throught the analysis of 49 private hospitals of business activity in a city of Jiangsu from 2009 to 2011,finally put forward some policy suggestions,such as choosing reasonable social capital to establish medical institutions,setting up reasonable regulation for private medical institutions,providing equal competition opportunities to private medical institutions,guiding the development of private hospital scale,improving market share,improving private hospital management level,enhancing competitiveness,strengthening the supervision to private hospitals.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the new situations and progress in performance evaluation of community health service institutions in China,summarize screening and evaluating indicators and dimensions of assessment,and provide references for developing the performance evaluation on community health service. Methods:Literatures on performance evaluations of community health service institutions in China were studied,which were published during the periods from 1997 to April 2010 and from May 2010 to August 2013. Results:The financial sector participation had increased substantially. Cooperation between research institutions and medical and health institutions or administrative units had been enhanced. The assessment subject was more perfect. The mode that stakeholders involved in the performance evaluations work was gradually accepted and applied. The evaluation methods were more convenient and practical. Dimensions of assessment conformed better to the community health service functions and characteristics. The assessment results were applied more scientifically. Conclusion:The performance evaluation work of community health service in China continues to mature and perfect.

Abstract:A survey on the part-time job participation of Nanjing university students shows that taking part-time job is quite common among college students,in which,economic factor and employment pressure are the main motivation,but the part-time type is relatively simple and always does not match enough with their profession. At the same time,taking part-time job may bring about conflict with their schoolwork,and infringements often come into being in the process. In such cases,rights protection mechanisms need to be further improved to earnestly safeguard the legitimate interests of college students. Then management channels need to build up to provide reasonable guidance for the part-time students. In addition,students themselves should build academic development plan according to the actual situation so as to taking part-time job rationally.

Abstract:The article reviewed the recent misreading events“clinical treatment before settlement”, analyzed the reasons behind, which included the adverse criticisms of internet users, asymmetric position between the government and the audience in the information dissemination, and the“heat island effect” of the media, then suggested the rational modes of transmission of health policy information.

Abstract:Objective:Screening for HECT E3 ligases that can regulate Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway. Methods:In the first round of screening,siRNAs of the HECT E3 ligases were tested for Shh pathway transduction by GliBS-luciferase assay. And in the second round,these siRNAs were tested for the localization of Patched1-GFP in primary cilia by immunofluorescence staining. Results:After two rounds of screening,5 HECT E3 ligases were identified to regulate Shh pathway,which are Smurf1,Smurf2,Ube3c,Wwp1 and Wwp2. Conclusion:A screening system of new regulators of Shh signaling was setup,and 5 HECT E3 ligases were found from our preliminary screening.

Abstract:Objective:To construct luciferase reporter plasmids of full-length and truncated promoters of rat IL-6 gene and detect their activity in HEK293 cells in response to CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β(C/EBP β) overexpression,screening the possible binding sites for C/EBP β. Methods:Rat IL-6 promoter(-1 791~+30 nt) was amplified by PCR and cloned into the luciferase reporter plasmid (pGL3-basic). The recombinant plasmid (pGL3-IL-6-1) and rat C/EBP β expression plasmid (pIRES2-EGFP-C/EBP β) were co-transfected into HEK-293 cells and then the luciferase activity was detected to determine the role of C/EBP β in IL-6 gene transcription. Meanwhile,the potential C/EBP β binding sites within IL-6 promoter were predicted by using bioinformatics software. Based on the predicted results,different luciferase reporter plasmids of truncated IL-6 gene promoter that named pGL3-IL-6-2~5 were constructed. The promoter luciferase reporter plasmids of pGL3-IL-6-1 or pGL3-IL-6-2~5 and the plasmid of pIRES2-EGFP-C/EBP β were co-transfected into HEK293 cells. Then,the luciferase activity was detected to screen the C/EBP β binding sites. Results:It was verified that different kinds of plasmids were all constructed correctly by PCR analysis and nucleotide sequencing. The plasmids of pGL3-IL-6-1 and pIRES2-EGFP-C/EBP β were also co-transfected into HEK293 cells,and then the luciferase activity was detected. The results showed that the transcriptional activity of IL-6 gene was increased markedly in response to C/EBP β overexpression. In addition,the plasmids of pGL3-IL-6-1 or pGL3-IL-6-2~5 and pIRES2-EGFP-C/EBP β were co-transfected into HEK293 cells,and then the luciferase activity in different groups was also determined. The result displayed that the activity of pGL3-IL-6-5 was remarkably lower than that in other groups,indicating that the region of rat IL-6 promoter (-618~126 nt) might contain C/EBP β binding element. Conclusion:The rat full-length and truncated rat IL-6 promoter luciferase reporter plasmids were constructed successfully,and the C/EBP β binding region was identified.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the change of nodal modator 1(NOMO1) gene mRNA expression and its location during the development of rat embryonic hearts,and to explore its significance in embryonic heart development. Methods:Twenty-four pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=4),embryonic hearts were obtained on the 12th,15th,16th,17th,19th,21th day in pregnancy. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) was used to reveal NOMO1 gene mRNA expression, and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) was used for its positioning analysis. Results:With the development of rat embryonic hearts,the expression levels of NOMO1 gene mRNA were from weak to strong signs of abating and its peak was on 16th day. NOMO1 gene was mainly expressed in the epicardium,while it was not detected in the myocardium,endocardium and heart valves. Conclusion:The expression of NOMO1 gene is dynamic,and it may play an important role in the fetal heart development.

Abstract:Objective:To construct lentivirus-mediated expression vector of Vasohibin-2 (VASH2) and infect hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2,and study its effect on proliferation. Methods:The full-length VASH2 was obtained from total cellular RNA by reverse transcription and PCR. Two restriction enzyme cutting sites NheⅠand PstⅠwere introduced and linked to pTA2 vector. After restriction digestion of pTA2 vector,the target gene was inserted into the digested expression vector Lv-CMV-EGFP. Then the recombinant was evaluated by restriction digestion and sequencing. The recombinant vector,pVSV-G and delta8.91 were co-transfected into 293T cells to produce packed lentivirus. HepG2 was infected with the recombinant lentivirus and screened by flow cytometry.The expression level of VASH2 mRNA and protein in HepG2 was measured by real-time PCR and Western blot. The proliferation was detected by MTT and cell cycle analysis. Results:The lentivirus stably expressing VASH2 were successfully constructed. And the HepG2 proliferation were increased remarkably after infected with the recombinant lentiviral vector. Conclusion:The recombinant lentiviral vector expression VASH2 was successfully constructed and VASH2 can promote the proliferation of HepG2,which will provide a foundation for further study on functions and mechanisms of VASH2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the protective effect of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1(Sirt1) activator SRT1720 on podocyte injury in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) induced minimal change nephrotic rats. Methods:One single dose of puromycin aminonucleoside(150 mg/kg) was injected peroidly into male SD rats to induce the minimal change nephrosis. There are three groups:control group,PAN group,and SRT1720 treatment group. Tweenty-four hours urine protein excretion was detected by Bradford method. Podocyte injury was observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM). The expressions of podocyte slit diaphragm nephrin and podocin were determined by real time RT-PCR and Western blot. Results:①Compared with the control group,urine protein excretion in PAN rats began to increase after three days of puromycin aminonucleoside injection(P < 0.01),and reached a peak to 259.73 mg/24 h at the seventh day. After the treatment of SRT1720 for 3 days,urine protein excretion was significantly decreased(P < 0.01),and dropped to 52.47 mg/24 h in the seventh day. ②Serum albumin levels were significantly decreased[(22.14 ± 3.05)g/L] and serum cholesterol levels increased[(7.03 ± 1.64)mmol/L] in PAN rats as compared with the controls SRT1720 treatment significantly increased serum albumin[(35.48 ± 3.96)g/L] and decreased cholesterol[(2.81 ± 0.41) mmol/L]. ③TEM results showed that podocyte foot processes in PAN groups fused and disappeared widely,and the foot processes fusion was markedly alleviated after SRT1720 treatment. ④Compared to the control group,obvious reduction of nephrin and podocin mRNA and protein in PAN rats was detected(P < 0.05),and the expressions of nephrin and podocin in SRT1720 treatment group were significantly raised (P < 0.05),capable restored to 80%~85% of control group. Conclusion:SRT1720 could decrease urine protein excretion,protective against hypoalbuminuria and hypercholesterol,and podocyte injury in PAN rats.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the role of ORMDL3 in development of bronchial asthma and its response to treatment with dexamethasone. Methods:A total of 30 Balb/c female mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group,untreated asthma group,and dexamethasone-treated group,and 10 mice in each group. The body weight was observed every week and HE-stained was used to observe the changes of pulmonary histopathology. The number of eosnophils(EOS) in peripheral blood of three groups was counted under microscope. The concentration of interlukin-4 (IL-4) was determined by ELISA and the expression of ORMDL3 mRNA in lungs was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results:Weight gain of asthma group was significantly lower than the other two groups (P < 0.05),and dexamethasone intervention alleviated the physical retardation,but still lower than the control group (P < 0.05). There were mass inflammatory cells infiltration in asthmatic group. Dexamethasone ameliorated the above mentioned symptoms significantly. The number of EOS which in treated in untreated asthma group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups(P < 0.05), and group were higher than those in control group(P < 0.05). IL-4 was increased after challenged by OVA compared to the control group (P < 0.05),and it was lower after treated by dexamethasone (P < 0.05). After challenge, the expression of ORMDL3 mRNA was a significantly elevated in untreated asthma group,and was alleviated in dexamethasone-treated group(P > 0.05),which was still higher than the control group. Conclusion:Over-expression of ORMDL3 was demonstrated in the mouse airways with asthma,and dexmathesone may be effective as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting ORMDL3 expression.

Abstract:Objective:To discuss the effect of ACE2/angiotensin1-7/Mas receptor axis in renovascular hypertension rat kidney and myocardial hypertrophy of Zofenopril. Methods:Seventy male SD rats weighting 190~210 g were randomly divided into sham operation group(S,n=20) and 2 kidney 1 clip (2K1C) group(n=50). There were 46 rats developed hypertension successfully,and they were randomly divided into 2K1C + distilled water group (K,n=23) and 2K1C+Zofenopril group (Z,n=23). The systolic blood pressure were measured(SBP) by tail artery sleeve method at the end of 4th,8th and 12th week respectively and ultrasonography was taken at the same time. After that,collected the right kidney at the 8th and 12th week respectively,detected the mRNA levels of ACE2 and Mas by RT-PCR,tested the protein expressions of ACE2 and Mas receptor by Western blot. Results:①Compared with the S group,the blood pressure of K group increased remarkablely (P < 0.01) at the end of the 4th,8th and 12th week respectively,and decreased significantly (P < 0.01) after been treated with Zofenoprilat. ②The end-diastolic and end-systolic ventricular septal thickness,left ventricular wall thickness in K group were significantly enhanced compared with S group at the end of the 8th and 12th week respectively (P < 0.01),EF reduced significantly at the 12th week. The front index were decreased (P < 0.01,respectively) and EF enhanced remarkably after been treated with Zofenopril. ③ The mRNA and protein expression of Mas receptor were up-regulated at the 8th week,while down-regulation occurred at the 12th week in K group contrast to S group. After being treated with Zofenopril,they decreased at the 8th week and elevated at the 12th week (P < 0.01,respectively).The mRNA and protein expression of ACE2 were higher in K group in the two periods (P < 0.01,respectively) compared to S group. When treated with Zofenopril,it was reduced remarkably (P < 0.01). Conclusion:We estabished renovascular hypertension model successfully by two kidney one clip method. Zofenopril may significantly reduce the blood pressure and attenuate cardiac hypertrophy of renovascular hypertension rats while inhibiting the down regulation of Mas receptor and impelling the down regulation of ACE2.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the effect of high-glucose peritoneal dialysate (HGPDS) and fluvastatin (Flu) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in human peritoneal mesothelial cells(HPMCs). Methods:After incubated in DMEM with 0.01% FBS for 48 h, HPMCs were randomly divided as follows:control group, HGPDS group, HGPDS+Flu group, Flu alone group. The phenotype changes of HPMCs were observed by light microscopy. The mRNA expression of VEGF was observed by RT-PCR. HPMCs were treated for 48 h and the levels of VEGF protein were measured by Western blot. Results:Compared with the normal control group, after incubation with HGPDS for 48 h, the cell morphology was changed from a typical cobblestone-like appearance to fibroblast-like appearance. Flu (1 × 10-6) mol/L could partially improved the cell morphology changed by HGPDS. The mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF increased time dependently in HPMCs treated with HGPDS(P < 0.05), which peaked at 12 h and 48 h, respectively. Flu significantly inhibited the effects of HGPDS on the expression of VEGF in a dose-dependent manner(P < 0.05). Conclusion: Flu could decrease VEGF expression in HPMCs which was induced by HGPDS.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the effect of Celastrol on the expressions of RANKL,OPG,IL-6,TNF-α and IL-8 in human rheumatoid synoviocyte MH7A. Methods:MH7A was stimulated with IL-1β and added in different concentration of Celastrol(0.1,0.5,1,2 μmol/L). The expressions of RANKL,OPG,IL-6,TNF-α and IL-8 in MH7A were assayed by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. Results:The expressions of RANKL,OPG,IL-6,TNF-α and IL-8 in MH7A were significantly increased in MH7A upon stimulation with IL-1β(P < 0.05). Celastrol could inhibit the expressions of RANKL,OPG,IL-6,TNF-α and IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner and notably elevated the ratio of OPG/RANK axis. Conclusion:Celastrol could regulate the ratio of OPG/RANKL axis and suppress the inflammatory cytokines and chemokine expression in rheumatoid arthritis synovioblast,suggesting a potent role in preventing the inflammation and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract:Objective:To establish a method for the isolation and purification of mice pancreatic islets during neonatal period. Methods:Pancreases of mice at neonatal stage were injected and digested by collagenase Ⅴ. The yield of islets was compared among different digestion time and hand-picked under microscope or Histopaque-1077 purification. The islets were stained with anti-glucagon antibody and anti-insulin antibody,and then identified by flow cytometry. Results:The optimal digestion time of islets from 1-week and 3-week old mice was 23 min (38.11 ± 2.78/pancreas) and 25 min (66.06 ± 2.61/pancreas). The diameters of most islets were less than 50 -滋m at 1 w (P < 0.01),and between 50~99 -滋m at 3 w (P < 0.01). The yield of islets purified by hand-picked under microscope was much higher than that of Histopaque-1077 (P < 0.05). The purity and survival rate of islets were above 90%,and the ratio of β and α cells within mice islets changed during neonatal period (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Local injection and digestion of pancreas with collagenase Ⅴ and hand-picked under microscope is an effective method for mice islet isolation during neonatal period,and the digestion time and purification methods are important. [Key words]　neonatal period;mice;pancreatic islets;isolation and purification

Abstract:Objective:In order to establish different mouse models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE),compare the features of development,clinical scores and pathological analysis in different gene background. Methods:Mice were induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) peptide in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA),also received pertussis toxin twice for immune enhancement ,established EAE mice models with record the onset time ,clinical manifestation,nerves function scores for daily. Finally the spinal cord and brain tissues were taken for pathological analysis with CD4 and IL-7 immunocytochemistry staining. Results:C57BL/6 mice reached the peak of clinical scores at 17 to 25 days after first induction,and showed typical performance like limp tail and partial or complete limb paralysis. The mean clinical score was 3.0. CD-1 mice put off the peak till 35 to 40 days after first induction compared with C57BL/6 mice. CD-1 mice also showed limp tail or limb paralysis with similar performance. The mean clinical score was 2.8. The results of H.E. and Luxor fast blue analysis showed CD-1 mice changing were lighter than C57BL/6 mice,most manifestations occurred in spinal cord. While immunochemistry analysis results showed CD4+ and IL-17+ lymphocytes infiltration in varying degrees. Conclusion:Different gene background have apparently influence on susceptibility,clinical performance and pathological changing in EAE model. CD-1 mice can also be used to produce chronic EAE model,with the characteristics coincide with multiple sclerosis.

Abstract:Objective:This study was performed to figure out how dermal blood flow changed in skin territory following peripheral nerve injury,and to determine whether this change correlated to alteration of excitability/conductivity or axonal degeneration of the nerve distal to injury. Methods:Skin blood flow was monitored by time-lapse laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) in a rat model of sciatic nerve transection injury. Meanwhile,compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were recorded in gastrocnemius muscle by applying electrical stimuli to the nerve distal to injury,and the distal nerve was immunostained for neurofilament-200 and S-100 protein. Results:Sciatic nerve transection led to an immediate and robust increase of blood perfusion,which recovered to normal extent in 3 days post-injury,in the ipsilateral hind paw. In 24 h after injury,CMAP amplitude reduced more than 95% in gastrocnemius muscle upon stimulating the nerve distal to injury. However,the majority of axons were seen to degenerate in the distal nerve aftre 4 days. Conclusion:Blood perfusion increase in skin territory,resulted from the sciatic nerve transection,was gradually recovered to normal in 3 days post-injury. Although there seemed a correlation between dermal perfusion increase and axonal degeneration,the maintenance of axonal excitability in the distal nerve did not necessarily correlate to increase of skin blood perfusion.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the role of high central leptin activity in the development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) in bipedal amputated C57BL/6J mice. Methods:Amputation of forelimbs and tails was performed at the age of 3-week on 40 C57BL/6J mice. Three days after procedure,these mice were randomly divided into two groups:20 mice were injected in the hypothalamus with lentivirus vectors which overexpressed leptin,whereas the others were injected with control lentivirus vectors. X-rays were obtained at 20th week to determine the development of spinal deformity. After that all mice were sacrificed,and blood samples were collected. Then peripheral leptin levels were measured by an ELISA kit. Comparisons for the incidence of scoliosis,curve magnitude and peripheral leptin levels were performed between groups. Results:The body weight was found to be slightly lower in the leptin-vector-treated C57BL/6J mice when compared with control mice. Significantly higher peripheral serum leptin level was found in leptin-vector-treated mice than controls. Scoliosis was observed in all of 20 leptin-vector-treated mice with an average Cobb angle of 30.8°,and in 18 out of 20 controls with an average Cobb angle of 20.3°. Conclusion:Significantly severer curve were observed in leptin-vector-treated mice when compared with control mice,although no difference was observed in term of the scoliosis incidence between two groups. The result of the current study implied that the high central leptin activity might play an important role in the development of AIS.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the incidence of aspirin and clopidogrel resistance in patients with coronary artery disease received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI),and provide evidence for the individualized anti-platelet treatment. Methods:Two hundreds patients with defined coronary artery disease who have received PCI were recruited in this study. Platelet aggregations (PLAA and PLADP) 1 mmol/L arachidonic acid (AA) and 5 μmol/L adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were determined using the light transmission aggregometer (LTA). Aspirin and clopidogrel resistance were defined as PLAA >20% and PLADP >40%,respectively. Results:None of the patients was resistant to aspirin in the recruited subjects;the mean PLAA of the recruited patients was (2.63 ± 2.40)%. Forty four patients (22.0%) were resistant to clopidogrel,and the mean PLADP of the non-responders was (47.16 ± 5.82)%;by contrast,156 patients (78.0%) were sensitive to clopidogrel,and the mean PLADP of the responders was (25.62 ± 8.71)%. Conclusion:Aspirin resistance is rare,while clopidogrel resistance is much common in patients with coronary artery disease,which suggests that individualized anti-platelet treatment should be initiated targeting patients with clopidogrel resistance.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the expression of insulin-like growth factorⅡ mRNA binding 3(IMP3) and its clinical significance. Methods:Paraffin sections of tumor tissues,pericarcinomatous tissues and normal tissues from 54 patients with cholangiocarcinoma were examined for expression of IMP3 by immunohistochemistry. Detect IMP3 expression by Western blot in different pathological grades,including five cases of gradeⅠ,4 cases of gradeⅡ and 5 cases of gradeⅢ. Tumor tissues,pericarcinomatous tissues and normal tissues from 17 patients with cholangiocarcinoma were examined for expression level of IMP3 mRNA by quantitive real time PCR. Follow and count long-term survival of 47 patients with post-operation of cholangiocarcinoma.Results:IMP3 expression was positive in 81.84% of cholangiocarcinoma,negative in pericarcinomatous tissues and normal tissues. Significant differences of IMP3 expression among different pathological grades,the higher grade,the higher IMP3 expression levels. The mRNA level of IMP3 was also increased in tumor tissues,and there was correlation with protein level. The follow up of forty-seven postoperative cases found the postoperative long-term survival of IMP3 negative group was significantly higher than that of the IMP3-positive group(P < 0.01). Conclusion:IMP3 can be used as a new marker for the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma,higher pathological grade,the higher degree of malignancy,the higher expression level. The overexpression of IMP3 suggests poor prognosis.

Abstract:Objective:To analyze the clinical features of EBV-associated Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and other EBV-related diseases to improve early diagnosis of EBV-HLH. Methods:34 cases in EBV-HLH group and 45 cases in EBV-non HLH group were enrolled for a retrospective study. Results:The prognosis of EBV-HLH was very poor with the mortality rate of 76.5% within six months after diagnosis. Compared with the EBV-non HLH group,the incidence of cytopenia,hepatic dysfunction,elevated serum ferritin,and hypofibrinogenemia in EBV-HLH group was significantly higher. Hemophagocytic phenomenon in bone marrow was discovered in 83.3% of the cases in EBV-HLH group and 26.7% in EBV-non HLH group. The sCD25 levels were detected as higher as 2 400.0 pg/ml in 100% cases and the percentage of NK cells were reduced in 81.8% of HLH patients. The result of ROC curve analysis showed that SF≥3 025 μg/L could be a predictor of the EBV-HLH cases developing into lymphoma/leukemia . Conclusion:A multiple of clinical data should be considered to make a diagnosis of EBV-HLH.sCD25 and the proportion of NK cells should be detected as early as possible of patitents with EBV infection,elevated sCD25 level and reduced NK cell percentage contribute to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of EBV-HLH;Hemophagocytic phenomenon is an important but not a necessary indicator of HLH;Serum ferritin is a predictor of prognosis.

Abstract:Objective:To compare the pulmonary function after this two kind of operation under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS),segmentectomy and lobectomy,on the treatment of small pulmonary nodule (the diameter ≤3cm). Methods:From Nov. 2010 to Mar.2012,15patients underwent VATS segmentectomy and 20 underwent VATS lobectomy.The preoperative and postoperative pulmonary function at six months,included FEV1%,FVC%,MVV%,was compared between the two groups. Results:The postoperative FEV1% was better in segmentectomy group(84.53% ± 13.43) than that in lobectomy group(76.19% ± 8.51%)(P < 0.05). There were no significant differences on the postoperative FVC% and MVV% between the two groups. No death and local recurrence occurred in two groups up to now. Conclusion:On the treatment of small pulmonary nodule (the diameter ≤3cm) under VATS,segmentectomy,whereas the resection of less than three segments,can provide more benefits than lobectomy on preserving pulmonary function.

Abstract:Objective:To analyze trends of the antibacterial drugs used against Acinetobacter baumannii from 2007 to 2010 in 19 general tertiary and secondary hospitals of Nanjing region so as to promote rational use age of medicines. Methods:The use of 7 classes and 15 kinds of antibacterial drugs were calculated and analyzed by the defined daily dose(DDD). The trend of each drug＇s use age was determined with linear regression using SPSS17.0. Results:The comsumptions of carbapenem,fluoroquinolone,piperacillin/tazobactam were increased and cefoperazone/consumption was decreased in general tertiary hospitals. While the comsumptions of carbapenem,tetracycline,cephalosporin,piperacillin/tazobactam,cefoperazone/sulbactam were increased in general secondary hospitals. Total consumption of carbapenem,tetracycline,piperacillin/tazobactam were increased in 19 hospitals. Mean consumption of all antibacterial drugs in every 6 months in general tertiary hospitals was more than these in general secondary hospitals except ciprofloxacin. Conclusion:The use of carbapenem,piperacillin/tazobactam and total drugs rose a significantly in all general hospitals of Nanjing area. Strengthening the infection control and optimizing the use age of drug therapy should be necessary in clinical practice.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the changes of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity induced by obstructive sleep apnea (OA) during different sleep stages. Methods:Thirty male patients who were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) by polysomnography(PSG) were enrolled in the study. The RR intervals,sleep stages and relative data were extracted during the OA (Event),as well as a 15-second period before and after the OA(Pre-,Post-). Heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were calculated and classified in light sleep stage (S1~2) and REM. Then the influence of sleep stages on HRV was analyzed and compared. Results:RR-Mean and RR-SD shifted to the lowest and ΔRR-Mean turned to the highest with in both stage 1~2 and REM with OA,while the trends shifted back again after OA. However,RR-Mean in REM was lower than that in S1~2 during the whole process. Conclusion:Sleep stages and respiratory events lead to repeated changes of autonomic nervous system activity in patients with OSAS during sleep. The sympathetic activity dominates during REM and OA. These might be associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with OSAS.

Abstract:Objective:To discuss the characteristic trends of autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in the processes of obstructive sleep apnea (OA) and central sleep apnea (CA). Methods:Thirty patients who were diagnosed as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by polysomnograph were enrolled in the study. The RR intervals and relative data were extracted during the apnea,as well as a 15-second period before and after the apnea. The different trends of heart rate variability(HRV) for OA and CA were analyzed and compared. Results:HRV parameters varied significantly in the process of OA. The mean value,SD and rMSSD of RR intervals shifted slower level during OA,but returned to high level after OA. It suggested that RR interval was short during OA and with less variability. The HRV parameters showed no obvious changing in the process of CA. Conclusion:Different trends of ANS activity could be suggested during the processed of OA and CA. In other words,the sympathetic activity shifted to higher level during OA,and returned to a much lower level after it. In comparison,CA presented no significant change of ANS activity.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the value of ultrasound radio-frequency(RF) data technique in assessing carotid artery elasticity in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Methods:In this study,58 objects in IGT group and 39 objects in the control group were included. All patients received ultrasound RF-data technique examination on the carotid artery. The following elastic parameters:intima-media thickness(IMT),vascular expansibility(e),compliance coefficient(CC),stiffness parameter(β),pulse wave velocity(PWV) were obtained. The correlation of them and the differences among the parameters were analyzed. Results:①Compared with normal control group,BMI,2-hPG,TC,TG of IGT group were significantly higher in IGT group(P < 0.05);② IMT,-茁,PWV of IGT group were significantly higher,e,CC were significantly lower in IGT group(P < 0.05);③ In the IGT group,through Pearson correlation analysis,IMT was correlated positively with PWV,age and β(r = 0.290~0.661,all P < 0.05),and PWV was correlated positively with age,IMT and β(r = 0.441~0.933,all P < 0.05). IMT and PWV were correlated negatively with e,CC(P < 0.05). Conclusion:Ultrasound radio-frequency(RF) data technique can evaluate carotid artery elasticity in patients with impaired glucose tolerance,and it should be indicators in the diagnosis of early atherosclerosis.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the correlation between lung function and serum calcium and phosphorus levels in COPD patients. Methods:Lung function,serum calcium,phosphorus data were collected from COPD group,smoking group and control group for a retrospective analysis. Results:Compared with the smoking group and control group,the serum calcium and phosphorus levels were decreased in COPD patients (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01,respectively). Hypertension had no effect on serum calcium and phosphorus levels(P > 0.05) in COPD patients. Lung function in COPD group was not significantly related to serum calcium and phosphorus levels(P > 0.05). Conclusion:There is a metabolic abnormality of calcium and phosphorus in COPD patients,although no relationship was shown between lung function and serum calcium and phosphorus levels.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the clinical value of color doppler ultrasound in evaluation of the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods:Total 65 patients with breast cancers before and after neoadjuvant therapy were examined with color doppler ultrasound. The index of ultrasound was observed,the degree of blood flow and hemodynamics index of the tumor were observed. Results:After neoadjuvant chemotherapy,there were significant differences in decrease of tumor size,volume,morphology irregularity,existence of surrounding halo,distinct boundary,increasing of internal echoes and rear echo. At the same time,the degree of blood flow and hemodynamics index of the tumor were decreased. Conclusion:Color doppler ultrasound provides an effective method in the evaluation of the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with primary breast cancer.