Abstract:Objective:To study the significance of human herpesvirus type 6B (HHV-6B) infection on human T-lymphoblastoid cell line Molt3 and its effects on cell cycle and proliferation. Methods:HHV-6B-infected Molt3 cell morphology was assessed by a inverted microscope. The fragment of HHV-6 U22 gene in Molt3 cells was amplified by PCR. Expression of HHV-6B late protein was examined by the immunofluorescence assay and Western Blot. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay after HHV-6B infected Molt3. Cell cycle analysis was evaluated by flow cytometry. The mRNA levels of cell cycle related protein were examined by Real-time PCR. Results:Molt3 cells infected by HHV-6B showed typical cytopathic effect at 48 h post-infection. HHV-6 U22 gene was detected by PCR. HHV-6 late protein was positive in infected cells by indirect immunofluorescence and Western Blot assay. MTT assay detected that HHV-6B infection inhibited the proliferation of Molt3 cells significantly. Compared with the uninfected cells,percentages of Molt3 cells infected by HHV-6B were increased in phase G1 but decreased in phase S and G2. The mRNA levels of cyclinE1 were decreased after 48 h post-infection,however,the mRNA levels of p53 were significantly increased after infection. Conclusion:HHV-6B can infect the Molt3 cells,lead to typical cytopathic effect,and inhibit cell proliferation and make the cell cycle stay in phase G1.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate the G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) changes and its relationship with asthma after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in lung tissue of mice. Methods:A total of 100 female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with 20 each group. In the normal control group,intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 ml saline were performed at day 1 and 14,and inhalation of 20 ml atomized saline at 37℃ were taken for 30 min at day 21~25. In the RSV group,RSV of 1×106 pfu in consistency and 100 -滋l/time in volume were dropped into the nasal cavity at day 19,20 and 21. In the asthma group,intraperitoneal injection of OVA/AL (OH)3 (OVA 100 μg,AL (OH)3 2 mg) were performed at day 1 and 14,and inhalation of 2%OVA saline of 20 ml were taken for 30 min at day 21 and the excitation was lasted for 5 days. In the double infection group,model preparation was the same with the asthma group,but RSV of 1 × 106 pfu in consistency and 100 -滋l/time in volume were dropped into the nasal cavity at day 19,20 and 21. In the dexamethasone intervention group,RSV infection was the same to the RSV group,but intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone 0.2 mg/(kg-d) were performed at day 21 to 25. Twenty-four hours after the last excitation,by anesthesia with 10% chloral hydrate intraperitoneal injection (0.3 ml/kg),the mice were sacrificed. The left upper lobe and right middle lobe of the lung,4% formaldehyde fixed,were used for expression and pathological immunofluorescence detection of GRK2 change detection. The lower lobe of the right lung was performed to detected GRK2 expression of each group by Western blot. Under the sterile conditions,the lower lobe of the left lung was taken for virus isolation and immunofluorescence identification. Results:In the RSV group,GRK2 expression was significantly increased compared with the normal group,and showed significant differences compared with the asthma group. In the double infection group,GRK2 expression was significantly increased compared with the RSV group. In the dexamethasone intervention group,GRK2 expression was significantly reduced compared with the RSV group. Conclusion:The expression of GRK2 was increased after the RSV infection in lung tissue of the mice,and significantly increased in terms to asthma. The dexamethasone intervention inhitits the expression of GRK2.

Abstract:Objective:To observe the differences of immunological activity of trans-endothelial trafficking monocyte-macrophage from mid-term placenta and late placenta. Methods:Umbilical vein endothelial cells were isolated and cultured for establishing endothelial cell monolayer. CD14+ monocyte-macrophage cells were separated from the mid-term placenta and late placenta and induced to differentiate by trafficking through the endothelial cell monolayer. We detected IL-12 and IL-10 levels of the culture supernatants with ELISA method before and after trafficking of monocyte-macrophages through endothelial cell monolayer. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the expressions of CD69 molecule and nuclear factor Foxp3 by allogeneics cord blood T lymphocyte co-cultured with differentiated monocyte-macrophages through transendothelial trafficking. Results:① In the culture supernatant of monocyte-macrophages from late pregnancy placenta,IL-12 level was remarkably higher,while IL-10 level remarkably lower than those in the supernatant of the cells from mid-term pregnancy placenta,respectively. The ratio of IL-10/IL-12 was 2.59 ± 0.71,remarkably lower than that in the supernatant of cells from mid-term placenta (71.4 ± 8.49). After trafficking through endothelial monolayer,IL-12 level increased,while IL-10 level decreased significantly in the supernatants of both cells from late placenta and mid-term placenta,and IL-10 level decreased more significantly in the supernatants of the cells from late pregnancy placenta than that from mid-term pregnancy placenta[(92.1 ± 8.2)% vs. (57.8 ± 4.98)%], so that IL-10/IL-12 ratio dropped down to less than 1 (0.11 ± 0.04) while the ratio remained more than 1 (3.16 ± 0.96) in the supernatants of the cells from mid-term placenta. ②After trafficking through endothelial monolayer,both cells from late placenta and mid-term pregnancy placenta activated allogenic cord blood T lymphocytes to express CD69,and CD69 expression level of T cells stimulated by the cells from late pregnancy placenta was significantly higher than that by the cells from mid-term placenta [(73.59 ± 3.52)% vs (45.32 ± 7.47)%]. ③After trafficking through endothelial monolayer,compared with the cells from late placenta,the cells from mid-term placenta induced allogenic cord blood T cells to differentiate into more Foxp3+ T cells. Conclusion:By trafficking through endothelial monolayer,monocyte-macrophages from mid-term and late pregnancy placenta differentiate into different cells with distinctively immunologic characteristics. After trafficking through endothelial monolayer,monocyte-macrophages from late pregnancy placenta differentiate into a kind of immunologically stimulatory cells which could fully stimulate T cells to activate and express high level of CD69,while monocyte-macrophages from mid-term pregnancy placenta differentiate into a kind of immunologically regulatory cells which are capable for inducing Treg.

Abstract:Objective:Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM1)-1 plays a very important role in intestinal inflammation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induces overexpression of ICAM-1 in endothelial cells. The aims of study were to investigate the effects of curcumin on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and to observe whether curcumin can influence expression of ICAM-1 induced by TNF-α. Methods:HUVECs were obtained from umbilical cord of newborns and cultured and generated from primary to the fifth generation. The third to fifth generation of cells were selected and divided into three experimental groups,including control group,TNF-α group with 10 ng/ml TNF-α intervention for 3 hours and curcumin group. In curcumin group,HUVEC was cultured with 10 μmol/L curcumin for 2 hours and then continued to culture for 3 hours after adding 10 ng/ml TNF-α. The expression of ICAM-1 was detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the expression of ICAM-1 on HUVEC surface in the three groups. Meanwhile,immunofluorescence was performed to observe the fluorescence intensity of the expression of ICAM-1. The expression of ICAM-1 mRNA was measured by Real-time PCR. Results:①The expression of ICAM-1 in HUVEC in the TNF-α group was significantly increased than that in the control group [(88.69 ± 3.14)% vs(9.82 ± 1.21)%,P < 0.01]. The expression of ICAM-1 in the curcumin group [(41.85 ± 8.39)%] was significantly decreased than that in the TNF-α group (P < 0.01),but higher than that in the control group(P < 0.01). ②The immunofluorescence results also showed that the expression intensity of ICAM-1 in the TNF-α group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The expression intensity of ICAM-1 in the curcumin group was decreased than that in the TNF-α group. ③The expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in the TNF-α group was increased than that in the control group (34.70 ± 14.99 vs 1.03 ± 0.26,P < 0.05). The expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in the curcumin group (15.34 ± 8.42) was significantly decreased than that in the TNF-α group(P < 0.01),but higher than that in the control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion:The results showed that curcumin could inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 protein in HUVEC induced by TNF-α. The effect may be related to the inhibition of ICAM-1 mRNA expression.

Abstract:Objective:To prepare doxorubicin liposomals modified with PEG and cRGD,and study physicochemical properties of liposomals along with targeting effects on Hela cells. Methods:Using pH gradient method to prepare the liposomes modified with cRGD. The characteristics were observed with TEM and UV spectrophotometer. The targeting effect was determined by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry on Hela cells,and cell apoptosis was measured by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Results:The particle size of liposomes was between 100-180 nm,and encapsulation ratio detected by UV spectrophotometer was 72%. The result of immunofluorescence and flow cytometry showed targeting effect of liposomes on Hela cells,which was significantly better than that of control group. Conclusion:These doxorubicin liposomes with high encapsulation ratio and small particle size exhibited an effect of cell targeting and cell penetrating,which might be a novel approach for specific and efficient intracellular drug delivery.

Abstract:Objective:To detect the expression of WW domain containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) tissues and cells,to analyze the correlation between WWOX expression and clinical features of ICC,and to investigate its effect on cellular migration and invasion of ICC. Methods:The expression level of WWOX in ICC tissues and cell lines were measured by semi-quantitative real-time PCR and quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of WWOX in ICC cells was overexpressed by recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1B-WWOX-Flag transfection. The effect of WWOX overexpression on migration and invasion of ICC was performed by wound healing and matrigel invasion assays. The potential signaling molecules involved in migration and invasion was measured by Western blot assay. Results:WWOX was down-regulated in ICC tissues and cell lines,and the downregulated WWOX was significantly associated with the metastasis of ICC (P < 0.05). The expression of WWOX was upregulated by pcDNA3.1B-WWOX-Flag transfection in ICC cells. Overexpression of WWOX inhibited cellular migration and invasion of ICC (P < 0.001). The overexpression of WWOX stimulated the activation of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation,which in turn reduced the activity of matrix metalloproteinases 9,resulting in metastasis suppression of ICC. Conclusion:WWOX was down-regulated in ICC,and overexpression of WWOX was proved to inhibit the ability of migration and invasion of ICC cells in vitro.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate relationship between expression of MUC4 and MUC16 and clinical pathological characteristics in ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3,OVAR-3,CAOV-3 and epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC) tissues. Methods:①Ovarian cell line SKOV-3,OVAR-3 and CAOV-3 were cultured,and then immunocytochemistry and Western Blot analysis were taken to detect the protein expression of MUC4 and MUC16;②Ovarian normal and epithelial cancer tissues were collected. IHC was used to detect the protein expression of MUC4 and MUC16 in ovarian normal and cancer tissues. Results:①The immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis showed that the expression of MUC4 protein was not detected in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cell lines,but it was observed in CAOV-3. While,the expression of MUC16 protein was detected in three ovarian cancer cell lines. Moreover,the level of MUC16 was highest in OVCAR-3 cell line,second in CAOV-3 and the lowest in SKOV-3. The differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05);②The positive expression of MUC4 and MUC16 was low in normal ovarian tissue and benign ovarian tumor,but was high in borderline ovarian tumor and EOC;③the positive expression rate of MUC4 and MUC16 among different subtypes including serous tumor(86.36%,75%);mucinous tumor was(75%,25%) respectively. The positive expression rate of MUC4 and MUC16 at different tumor stages was including early stage(91.67%,50%) and advanced stage (75%,85.7%). Conclusion:① There were different expressions of MUC4 and MUC16 in ovarian epithelial cancer cell lines;② MUC4 alone or together with MUC16 may be as a good diagnosis and prognosis marker for EOC.

Abstract:Objective:Metastasis associated 1 (MTA1)is a protein closely related to the malignant degree of gastric cancer. We try to prove that MTA1 can be regulated by the ubiquitin pathway in this study. Methods:After the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 treatment in gastric cancer cells,the expression level of MTA1 was detected though IP/WB. MTA1 expressing plasmid containing the Myc tag and HAtagged ubiquitin plasmid (HA-Ub) were co-transfected into cells,and the expression of Myc-MTA1 was detected. Results:After treatment with MG-132,the protein level of MTA1 in gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 increased significantly. Myc-MTA1 was strongly ubiquitinated by HA-Ub in HEK293 cells. Conclusion:MTA1 in human gastric cancer cells can be regulated through ubiquitination pathway.

Abstract:Objective:To compare the effect of ticagrelor and clopidogrel on maximum aggregation rate (MAR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) of clinical outcomes,security,platelets in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). Methods:A total of 109 consecutive patients with STEMI was randomized into two groups. One group received 180 mg loading dose ticagrelor followed by 90 mg twice daily thereafter,while the other received 600 mg clopidogrel followed by 75 mg daily thereafter. The patients of two groups were all successfully underwent acute percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and hemorrhagic events of the two groups were compared after 30 days. MAR and hs-CRP levels were detected before and after 7 days and 30 days with therapy. Results:The differences of MACE and hemorrhage rate during 30 days between two groups were not statistically significant(7.3% vs 1.9%,P = 0.363;7.3% vs 14.8%,P = 0.208). Baseline characteristics,platelet aggregation and hs-CRP were similar between the two groups. ADP-induced platelet aggregation detection showed that the ticagrelor group has a lower MAR than the clopidogrel group both at 7 days and 30 days after administration[7 days(22.80 ± 6.37)% vs (30.96 ± 8.90)%,P < 0.001;30 days(22.26 ± 5.85)% vs (30.87 ± 8.54)%,P < 0.001]. After 7 and 30 days administration,the inhibitory rate of blood platelet aggregation was lower than 30% in 6 cases(10.9%)and 5 cases(9.1%)of the clopidogrel group,while in the ticagrelor group,no case of platelet aggregation inhibition rate was lower than 30%. The hs-CRP concentration at baseline,7 days and 30 days were similar between two groups(P > 0.05). Conclusion:Administration of ticagrelor results in more intense inhibition of platelet aggregation than administration of clopidogrel. The safeties of ticagrelor and clopidogrel are similar. No significant clinical benefit was acquired with ticagrelor in short-term evaluation.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the safety of renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) using a saline-irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheter in 111 patients. Methods:Acute adverse events were recorded during bilateral RSD procedure with a saline-irrigated catheter. To evaluate renal function and renal artery structure,Serum creatinine(Scr),urea nitrogen(BUN),cystatin C and renal artery CTA were obtained in 55 patients from baseline to 6 month after RSD. Results:Total 111 patients (79 males and 32 females,aged 53.7 ± 13.1 years old) with hypertension,atrial fibrillation and/or heart failure etc. underwent RSD procedure. The number of lesions,average lesion duration,total duration,ablation power,ablation temperature,start impedance,and mean impedance decreasing were (16.1 ± 2.5) points,(71.6 ± 19.5)s,(1144.6 ± 338.3)s,(9.2 ± 1.5)W,(39.3 ± 1.2)℃,(173.7 ± 27.2)Ω and (10.9 ± 11.3)Ω,respectively. Acute adverse events included lesion area pain (110 cases,99%),vasovagal reflex (25 cases,22.5%),right renal artery dissection(one case,0.9%),vasospasm (one case,0.9%) and hematoma at the femoral access site (one case,0.9%) during procedure. The pain and vasovagal reflex disappeared after RSD procedure. The Renal artery dissection was treated with a stent without any subsequent complication. Fifty-five patients have completed 6-month follow-up. Scr,BUN and cystatin C concentrations had no significant change from baseline to 6 months follow-up[(77.4 ± 19.5)μmol/L vs (79.0 ± 21.7) μmol/L,P>0.05,(5.9 ± 1.7)mmol/L vs (6.0 ± 1.7)mmol/L,P > 0.05,(1.07 ± 0.25)mg/L vs (1.1 ± 0.26)mg/L,P > 0.05,respectively]. Renal artery CTA scan showed that two renal arteries had serious stenosis in 2 individuals. Ninety percent stenosis in the proximal portion of the right renal artery was observed in one patient,and right upper branch of renal artery had completely closed in another patient. The rest of renal arteries were normal at 6-month after RSD. Conclusion:Renal sympathetic denervation with irrigation catheter is relative safety. The rate of acute renal artery dissection was 0.9%(1/111). Renal function had no significant change and serious renal stenosis occurred in two patients( 3.6%,2/55) at 6 months follow-up.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) on patients with pulmonary hypertension after mitral valve surgery. Methods:Forty eight patients with postoperative pulmonary hypertension after mitral valve surgery were randomly divided into rhBNP infusion group (group A,n=25) and control group(group B,n=23). Group A received recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) after treatment,while group B did not. The hemodynamic data were monitored consecutively,and the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) were detected pretreatment and after treatment. Results:The mean pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in group A decreased significantly 3 hours,6 hours,and 12 hours,respectively,after treatment,compared to group B (P < 0.05). Pulmonary vascular resistance index in group A decreased significantly 1 hour after treatment,compared to group B (P < 0.05). cGMP in group A increased significantly after the treatment,compared to group B (P < 0.05). TXA2 showed no significant difference within groups and between groups. Conclusion:rhBNP can effectively reduce pulmonary hypertension via increasing serum cGMP level.

Abstract:Objective:To ivestigate the level of atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and pre-diabetes(pre-DM),and explore its role in the development of T2DM. Methods:A total of 84 subjects enrolled was divided into 3 groups (DM group,pre-DM group and normal group) according to blood glucose. ELISA method was used to detect the serum ANP. Results:The level of ANP in the DM group was lowest,followed by that of pre-DM group,and both of them were lower than the ANP level of control group. There were significant differences among the three groups. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of ANP was negatively correlated with FBG and 2hPG(P < 0.01), and was no correlation with TG,LDL-C and HDL-C. Conclusion:The serum ANP is lower with increased blood glucose,and may play a major role in the development of T2DM.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate influence of antioxidant α-lipoic acid on oxidative stress, endothelin-1 and recovery of neuronal function in type 2 diabetic patients with hypoglycemic encephalopathy. Methods:A total of 60 type 2 diabetic patients with hypoglycemic encephalopathy were randomly divided to control group (n=30) and α-lipoic acid treatment group (n=30). The differences in malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were observed between the control group and the α-lipoic acid treatment group before and after treatment. Neurological impairment score was compared between the two groups. Results:The levels of MDA and ET-1 as well as the neurological impairment score were significantly decreased after α-lipoic acid treatment (P < 0.01, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), whereas the level of SOD was significantly increased after α-lipoic acid treatment (P < 0.01). The levels of MDA and the neurological impairment score were significantly decreased in the control group after treatment (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, there were significant decreases in the levels of MDA And ET-1,neurological impairment score (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), and the level of SOD (P < 0.05) in the α-lipoic acid group compared to the control group after treatment. Conclusion:α-lipoic acid can ameliorate hypoglycemic encephalopathy in type 2 diabetic patients by reducing oxidative stress and improving endothelial function.

Abstract:Objective:To screen the prevalence of metabolically obese but normal-weight (MONW) in physical examination population,and to detect blood pressure (BP),fasting blood glucose (FPG) and fasting insulin (FINS) of MONW and investigate the correlation between visceral fat area (VFA) and insulin resistance. Methods:A total of 4 552 people,who had underwent investigations for body component measurement in the health management center of the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU,were chosen to screen the prevalence of MONW. From the 4 552 people,794 were randomly selected to detect BP,FPG and FINS at the same time. We calculated the value of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and analyzed the relationship between HOMA-IR and VFA. Results:The MONW morbidity of the Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU was 11.25%. The incidences of abnormal BP and FINS in MONW were 30.11% and 3.26%,respectively,which were both higher than those of the healthy group (P < 0.001). No matter the body mass index (BMI) was in the normal range or abnormal,HOMA-IR of the VFA ≥ 100 cm2 group was higher than that of the VFA < 100 cm2 group (P < 0.05). Conclusion:MONW is common in physical examination people. The proportion of abnormal metabolic state and insulin resistance were increased in MONW. Its mechanism may be related to the accumulation of visceral fat.

Abstract:Objective:To study cognitive function and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with remitted geriatric depression (RGD) and to determine their relationship. Methods:Fifty-one patients with GRD and 52 normal control subjects were recruited. Their cognitive function and ADL were mainly examined by Mattis dementia rating scale (MDRS) and ADL scale. Results:Compared with control subjects,patients with RGD showed poorer cognitive function,which was not associated with Hamilton depression rating scale for depression (HAMD) scores and antidepressant treatment. ADL score of RGD patients was significantly lower than that of normal control subjects. The score of initiation/perseveration subscales of MDRS was significantly negative correlated with ADL scores. Conclusion:Cognitive impairments might be persisted as endogenous damages of RGD,which may affect ADL.

Abstract:Objective:To study the expressions of tumor necrosis factor alpha induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) mRNA in radiotherapeutic nasopharyngeal carcinoma,as well as their significances. Methods:In situ hybridization detections were performed to detect the expressions of TNFAIP3 and Mn-SOD in radiotherapeutic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Results:In radiosensitive and radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma,the moderately and strongly positive TNFAIP3 mRNA expression rates were 15.00% and 45.00%,respectively;the moderately and strongly positive Mn-SOD mRNA expression rates were 55.00% and 40.00%,respectively,and there were statistical significances (both P < 0.05). In radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma,the moderately and strongly positive TNFAIP3 mRNA expression was positively correlated with TNM stage. In III-IV stage and Ⅰ~Ⅱ stage,the moderately and strongly positive expression rates were 48.28% and 36.36%,respectively. The moderately and strongly positive Mn-SOD mRNA expression was positively correlated with T stage. In stage of T3~T4 and T1~T2,the moderately and strongly positive expression rates were 63.16% and 19.05%,respectively. In distant metastasis and no distant metastasis,the moderately and strongly positive TNFAIP3 mRNA expression rates were 81.81% and 31.03%,respectively;the moderately and strongly positive Mn-SOD mRNA expression rates were 81.82% and 24.14%,respectively,and the differences had statistical significance (both P < 0.05). Conclusion:TNFAIP3 gene is correlated with the occurrence and development of radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Mn-SOD gene can increase the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the anti-oxidative effect of radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Abstract:Objective:To study the operating law of different sets of instruments in laparoendoscopic single-site surgery. Methods:Seven laparoscopic-experienced participants were arranged to perform two basic tasks (peg transferring and pattern cutting) using conventional instruments,double-curved instruments and articulating instruments randomly in a modified simulator for 5 days (each instrument was trained for 2 times a day),and finally a test of the tasks were performed by each of the participants. In addition,the instruments of National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) were completed to investigate the workload for the participants. Results:The task scores of double-curved instruments were worse than the other two sets of instruments in the task of peg transferring (double-curved instruments 239.4 ± 11.9 vs. conventional instruments 251.0 ± 7.4 vs. articulating instruments 254.4 ± 4.6,P < 0.05). The articulating instruments got the best performance in pattern cutting (conventional instruments 304.0 ± 41.4 vs. double-curved instruments 362.6 ± 33.2 vs. articulating instruments 405.4 ± 21.9,P < 0.05). The workload measured by NASA-TLX tool demonstrated that double-curved instruments and articulating instruments had a heavier workload compared with conventional instruments in mental demand,physical demand and effort. There was no significant difference on temporal demand and performance. Participants were more self-confident using articulating instruments compared with the other two sets of instruments. Conclusion:Articulating instruments is more effective and favorable than conventional and double-curved devices for laparoscopic-experienced surgeons in the laboratory setting of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery.

Abstract:Objective:To investigate and analyze status of the maternal parenting stress of preschool children in Nanjing and its influencing factors. Methods:We selected 400 preschool children aged 3~6 years old from 6 kindergartens in the main urban area of Nanjing from May to June,2011 by stratified random sampling method. The current situation of maternal parenting stress and its influencing factors were analyzed by a self-designed questionnaire and maternal parenting stress scale. Results:There were no significant differences of the maternal parenting stress scores among the preschool children with different ages (the 3-year-old group,82.86 ± 13.55;the 4-year-old group,86.72 ± 15.92;the 5-year-old group,82.50 ± 12.88;the 6-year-old group,86.12 ± 14.57;F = 2.29,P = 0.08),as well as different sexes (boy,84.88 ± 14.93;girl,84.23 ± 13.95;t = 0.43,P = 0.67). In the 33 factors related to maternal and child health,child care environment and career-related factors of mother,maternal history of abortion (P = 0.041),current health status (P = 0.003),housing conditions (P = 0.010) and workload change (P = 0.022) were significantly associated with maternal parenting stress. Conclusion:The influence of maternal physical and mental health on their parenting stress cannot be ignored. We should not only focused on the physical and mental health of child,but also the mother＇s,in order to promote the child health.

Abstract:Objective:Through the establishment of a 3D finite element model of a dental implant fixed edentulous maxillary and analysis of the stress distribution of implant in different position,we propose to provide a reference for clinical applications. Methods:In this research,we selected a volunteer of edentulous maxillary and moderate alveolar bone absorption, and then scanned his head with cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT). This research used a series of computer software for data conversion to reconstruct three-dimensional solid model of the maxillary. The three-dimensional solid model of Bego implant was accurately obtained by an integrated method,which combined the optical measurement of implant profile data by 3D optical grating projection with the plane-image measurement of characteristic details. A 3D finite element model of a dental implant fixed bridge was built successfully by laser scanning. Results:We successfully established the three-dimensional finite element model,and simplified it with maintaining the similar mechanics of the original model to improve the efliciency and accuracy of the analysis. Conclusion:Three-dimensional finite element models of a dental implant fixed edentulous maxillary established by the method of combining CBCT,3D laser scanning, rapid prototyping,and to generate finite element model by grid partition of finite element sofoware are feasible and with a good geometric similarity.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the application value of fat-suppressed T2WI sequence in Modic changes at a 1.5T magnetic Resonance (MR) system. Methods:Total 276 cases from November 2013 to March 2014 with lumbocrural pain had been performed MR scan with T1WI,T2WI and T2WI-FS. A retrospective analysis of Modic classification was applied on these data. Two musculoskeletal radiologists used two methods to classify Modic changes with the double-blind method:one according to T1WI and T2WI,and the another according to T1WI,T2WI and T2WI-FS. Results:Doctor A and B observed the Modic changes using method 1 and 2,respectively. The coincidence rate between two observers were 98.66%,Kappa=0.925 (method 1,P < 0.001);99.49% and Kappa=0.975(method 2,P < 0.001). Modic changes were divided into type Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and mixed. There were statistically significant differences between the two methods about the detection rate. Meanwhile,mixed type was further divided into 7 subtypes,namely typeⅠ/Ⅱ,typeⅡ/Ⅰ,type Ⅲ/Ⅱ,type Ⅱ/Ⅲ,typeⅠ/Ⅲ,type Ⅲ/Ⅰand typeⅠ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ. Among them,typeⅠ/Ⅱ and type Ⅱ/Ⅰconstituted the majority. Conclusion:Fat-suppressed T2WI sequence combined with T1WI and T2WI could increase the positive detection rate of Modic I type and Modic mixed type. It is superior to traditional T1WI and T2WI sequence in the classification of Modic changes. The mixed type can also be further classified into different subtypes according to the signs of MRI.

Abstract:Objective:To study the preparation and characterization of As2O3-loaded magnetic Fe3O4 albumin nanospheres which could be used in thermochemotherapy and reversing multidrug resistance of tumor. Methods:Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by chemical co-precipitation method. Their characteristics were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD),and their cytotoxicity was measured by hemolytic test and MTT assay. As2O3-loaded magnetic Fe3O4 albumin nanospheres were prepared by desolvation-crosslinking method. Their characteristics were observed by TEM and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Their hyperthermia induced by alternating magnetic field (AMF) was explored in vitro. The release rate of AS2O3 from the nanospheres was assessed by a dissolution test in vitro. Results:The prepared Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were approximately spherical. The diameter was about 20 nm. They had no hemolysis activity and their cytotoxity was 1 class. The prepared As2O3-loaded magnetic Fe3O4 albumin nanospheres were approximately spherical,uniform in size observed by TEM. The diameter was about 193.4 nm. The temperature of magnetic fluid with different concentrations could rise to 39.5-58.0℃,and the magnetie fluid keep stable in AMF. The drug release test in vitro showed that As2O3-loaded magnetic Fe3O4 albumin nanospheres had a slow release rate. Conclusion:As a drug carrier,magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle is a kind of good biocompatibility material. The As2O3-loaded magnetic Fe3O4 albumin nanospheres can be prepared by desolvation-crosslinking method. They have an obvious effect of slow release of drug which may provide a theoretical and practical basis for further study of tumor thermochemotherapy and reversing multidrug resistance.

Abstract:Objective:To identify microRNA with different expression and the ease on base mutation based on peripheral blood mononuclear cell from idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) patients. Methods:We used the high-throughput sequencing technology to establish the differently expressed spectrum of microRNA of IMN patients and healthy people (the control group),respectively. We found out the significantly different expression of microRNA. We also analyzed the base edited in the microRNA to find out the microRNA which happened in base mutation, to compare the microRNA between the two groups which in common to evaluate the ease of base mutation. Results:After the creation of microRNA different expression profile,we found out eight microRNAs,which were most significantly different expression,including has-miR-27,has-miR-208b,has-miR-195-3p,has-miR-23b-5p,has-miR-95,has-miR-503,has-miR-449a and has-miR-486-3p. In the common microRNAs between the IMN and the NC groups,there are forty one microRNAs,which had the greater opportunity to have the base edited in the IMN group than in the NC groups. Conclusion:The microRNA expression between the IMN and the NC groups showed significant differences,and the significantly different expression microRNAs were special that could be used as target to further research the pathogenesis of IMN. The microRNAs of IMN patients were more easily to have base edited than that of NC group,and the microRNAs with edited base coulbe possibly related to the pathological mechanism of IMN.