Abstract:Heart failure （HF） is the end-stage performance and the leading cause of death in cardiovascular disease. All the time， we pay more and more attention to the risk stratification and prediction of HF. Cardiac electrical parameters had shown a broad application prospects in cardiovascular system， and its advantages consist of convenience， security， and no invasion. This review summarizes the application value and the research development of cardiac electrical parameters including QRS duration， ventricular late potential， T-wave alternans， heart rate turbulence， deceleration capacity of rate， heart rate deceleration runs， premature ventricular complexes and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia， which may help clinician to take accurate assessment of HF patients and timely perform intensive treatments to reduce adverse outcomes.

Abstract:Perinatal heart failure refers to the occurrence of heart failure between 28 weeks of gestation and one week postpartum. Its cause could be divided into two categories: with pre-existing or pregnancy-related cardiovascular diseases， including congenital heart disease， rheumatic heart disease， or gestational hypertension （preeclampsia， especially）， peripartum cardiomyopathy， etc. Careful differential diagnosis is required. Treatment of heart failure in pregnant women should always involve a multidisciplinary team approach， targeting at the specific etiology and considering both mother and baby. Prenatal heart failure is a great challenge in our times， demanding more comprehensive studies.

Abstract:Left heart disease associated pulmonary hypertension is the most common type of pulmonary hypertension, classified as type 2 pulmonary hypertension. Accurate diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension is of great significance in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of left heart disease. Right heart catheterization is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension. In recent years, right heart catheterization has been applied to the study of left heart disease associated pulmonary hypertension. In this paper, we reviewed the application of right heart catheterization in left heart disease associated pulmonary hypertension.

Abstract:Objective：To construct rat p300 short hairpin RNA （shRNA） eukaryotic expression vector，and investigate the effect of silencing p300 gene on the apoptosis and activating transcription factor 3（ATF3） acetylation in rat glomerular messangial cells （GMCs） stimulated by sublytic C5b-9. Methods：Three kinds of shRNAs targeting p300 gene were synthesized and cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pGCsi-U6/Neo/GFP/shRNA. The recombinant plasmids were transfected into cultured GMCs by NeonTM transfection system. P300 protein in the transfected cells was detected by Western blot to find out the optimal shRNA against p300 gene. The cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry and the acetylation of ATF3 was evaluated by Western blot combined with immunoprecipitation （IP） assays. Results：It was verified by nucleotide sequencing that the constructed p300 shRNAs were correct. Western blot assay showed that the p300 shRNA-2 was able to silence the target gene most effectively. Knockdown of p300 by shRNA in the GMCs reduced the number of GMC apoptosis as well as the level of ATF3 acetylation induced by sublytic C5b-9. Conclusion：The rat eukaryotic expression vector p300 shRNA was successfully constructed. It was preliminarily confirmed that p300 could promote GMC apoptosis triggered by sublytic C5b-9 through p300-regulated ATF3 acetylation.

Abstract:Ｏbjective： To investigate the effect of miR-155 on cell cycle progression of mice vascular smooth muscle cells under treatment of AngⅡ， and explore the detailed mechanism. Methods： The vascular smooth muscle cells（VSMCs） derived from C57 mice were cultured by the adherent method （1×10-6 mol/L AngⅡ for 48 h）. Quantitative real-time PCR （q-RT-PCR） was performed to detect the miR-155 expression levels of the blank control group and the Ang Ⅱ group. q-RT-PCR and Western blot assay were performed to detect the mRNA and protein levels of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor（AT1R） in the transfected miR-155 group and the negative control group; Western blot assay was performed to detect the effect of transfected miR-155 mimics and negative control group on extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 （ERK1/2） of AT1R downstream and ribosomal protein S6 kinase （P70S6K1） signaling pathway. The expression of cyclin D1（Cyclin D1） was examined by transfection of miR-155 mimics，angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan，mTOR pathway inhibitor rapamycin，and ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126. In the end，we used flow cytometer to analyze the change of cell cycle to investigate the effect of miR-155 on cell cycle and its mechanism. Results： AngⅡ significantly decreased the expression of miR-155. miR-155 mimics remarkably attenuated AT1R expression from mRNA and protein levels，inhibited the AngⅡ-activated ERK1/2 and P70S6K signaling pathway，and decreased the AngⅡ-enforced expression of Cyclin D1. Transfection of miR-155，valsartan，rapamycin and U0126 suppressed the AngⅡ-induced G1-to S-phase progression of VSMC. Conclusion： MiR-155 can inhibit the expression of AngⅡ-induced ERK1/2，activation of P70S6K1 signaling pathway，and Cyclin D1 by blocking AT1R，and thereby inhibit the function of Ang Ⅱ-induced cell cycle transition.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate if lipopolysaccharide （LPS） combined with fungal glucan （curdlan） activates Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein（NLRP3） inflammasome，and the activation could be influenced by paeoniflorin（PF） in human bronchial epithelial cells（16HBE），as well as the underlying mechanism. Methods：16HBE cells were stimulated by LPS combined with curdlan to establish inflammation models. The expressions of NLRP3，caspase-1，and interleukin（IL）-1β mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR. The level of IL-1β in supernatants was evaluated by ELISA. The activity of caspase-1 was measured using a caspase-1 activity kit. Reactive oxygen species（ROS） were detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of NLRP3，caspase-1，and IL-1β protein in cells were determined by Western blot. Results：The expressions of NLRP3，caspase-1，IL-1β mRNA and protein were up-regulated in 16HBE cells activated by LPS combined with curdlan. The activity of caspase-1 and the levels of IL-1β in supernatants，as well as the concentrations of intracellular ROS were significantly increased； these effects were inhibited effectively by PF，especially in high concentration，through reducing the production of intracellular ROS. Conclusion：NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in combined LPS and curdlan infection in 16HBE cells，and PF may possess a certain anti-fungal infection effect via inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.

Abstract:Objective：To study the effect of Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin mutant H35A on the wild type α-hemolysin（Hla） toxicity in human periphery blood mononuclear cells（hPBMC） and THP-1 macrophages. Methods： hPBMC and THP-1 macrophages were stimulated with both H35A and Hla. The transcriptions of interleukin-1β （IL-1β），interleukin-6 （IL-6），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） mRNA in hPBMC and THP-1 macrophages were assayed by real-time Q-PCR. The survival percentage of THP-1 macrophages treated with Hla and H35A was calculated with Trypan blue staining. Results： The transcriptions of IL-1，IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA in hPBMC and THP-1 macrophages treated with H35A mutant were significantly decreased upon stimulation with Hla. The survival percentage of THP-1 macrophages treated with Hla and H35A was significantly increased. Conclusion： H35A mutant can inhibit the toxic effect of Hla on human monocytes and macrophages，and it is expected to be a therapeutic drug used in the early stage of Staphylococcus aureus infection.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate microRNA(miRNA)expression profile of placental tissues between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)and normal pregnant women．Methods：A total of 20 cases of pregnant women with GDM were randomly selected from Armed Police Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College and Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University in January 2013 to January 2014，and notmal pregnant Han women from Guangdong without complications in the same period were enrolled as control．Placenta was obtained after delivery tollowed by total RNA extraction with Trizol．Five samples of total RNA were randomly picked and mixed as the GDM and notmal control group，respectively，for next step．miRNA library of GDM and control was built by the reverse transcription method and used for investigation of expression of various miRNAs by high throughput sequencing．Results：Purified total RNA was extracted from placenta and miRNA library was successfull constructed．After transition from raw data，there were over 10 000 000 clean reads with 21-24 nt-long small RNA the most among which miRNAs were over 30％ in each group．After removal of other RNA by comparison between Rfam and Genebank database over 7 000 miRNA species were accounted for．A total of

Abstract:Objective:To study the effects of acupuncture on pain behavior and the mechanism of acupuncture on improving chronic inflammation. Methods: We randomly divided 18 C57BL/6J male mice aged 6 to 8 weeks into three groups. The model and the acupuncture groups were administered with 3 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by intraperitoneal injection to induce chronic inflammation.while the control was administered with 4 ml/kg saline by intraperitoneal injection. The acupuncture group was treated by acupuncture at bilateral zusanli points (ST 36). After different treatments,Von Frey fiber filament was performed to detect mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT) of the mice in each group. The content of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in each group was detected by euzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bilateral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were performed to detect the heat pain related transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expression differences by Westem blot. Results: Compared with the model group, acupuncture increased the MWT significantly (P<0.05) .decreased the serum TNF-α content significantly (P<0.05) and TRPV1 protein expression of DRG neurons(P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment could reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines, but also changed the expression of TRPV1 in DRG neurons,so as to suppress the pain caused by chronic inflammation.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effect of inhaling rapamycin on CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells （Treg） ratio and the treatment of asthma，as well as its related mechanisms，using asthmatic mice treated with inhaled rapamycin therapy. Methods：A total of 30 cases of BALB/c mice were random divided into three groups：the control group，the model group，and the rapamycin treatment group，each group had 10 cases. Underwood method was performed to estimate mouse lung tissue scores. CD4+CD25+ Treg cell ratios of peripheral blood and lung tissues were detected by flow cytometry. Different concentrations（50 and 100 nmol/L） rapamycin were used to treat mice CD4+ T cells，and CD4+CD25+ Treg cell formation ratio and Foxp3 mRNA expression were analyzed by flow cytometry and RT-PCR methods. Results：Compared with the model group，rapamycin treatment significantly improved lung tissue pathology score. CD4+CD25+ Treg percentage in the model group was （1.94 ± 0.37）% and （2.74±0.42）% in peripheral blood mononuclear cells（PBMCs） and lung tissues，respectively，after rapamycin treatment，the CD4+CD25+ Treg percentage was（5.11±0.64）% and（2.74±0.42）% in PBMCs and lung tissues，respectively. After treated with different concentrations of rapamycin，CD4+CD25+ Treg ratio in the control group was（4.84 ± 0.76）%，and in the 50 nmol/L and the 100 nmol/L rapamycin groups was（7.47±1.84）% and（10.93±2.74）%，respectively. RT-PCR results were consistent with the results of flow cytometry staining，rapamycin treatment significantly promoted CD4 T cells Foxp3 expression （P<0.01）. Conclusion：By promoting CD4+CD25+ Treg cell proliferation，rapamycin can increase CD4+CD25+ Treg cell ratio of peripheral blood and lung tissues in asthmatic mice，and thus exert a therapeutic effect on asthma.

Abstract:Objective：To study the quality standard system of Fujian Gelsemium elegans. Methods：Empirical and microscopic identification methods were adopted to measure morphological and histological characters. The contents of moisture，total ash，acid-insoluble ash，ethanol-soluble extractives，and koumine were studied according to the methods of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Results：The macroscopical identification and microscopic features were described. The average contents of koumine，moisture，total ash，acid-inso-luble ash，and alcohol-soluble extractive were 0.34%，10.0%，6.9%，1.2%，and 13.7%，respectively. Conclusion：The results of pharmacognostical study and quality inspection provide scientific reference for identification，development of quality standards and utilization of Gelsemium elegans in Fujian province.

Abstract:Objective: This study evaluated the clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） who received thoracoscopic radical resection, to develop better understanding of diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC. Meth-ods: A total of 103 patients with NSCLC at stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ, who underwent thoracoscopic radical resection, were followed up by telephone interview, and the results were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test and a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model. Results: The average age of the 103 patients was 61.5±9.4 years old. Among these patients, there was a predominance of male patients （75.7%）; adenocarcinoma occupied the highest proportion in all pathological types, which accounted for 60.2%; phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ occupied the highest proportion, which accounted for 70.9%. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 96.1%, 77.0% and 67.3%, respectively. The patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） presented worse survival rates （94.1%, 47.1%, and 40.3%, respectively） than those without COPD （96.5%, 86.0%, and 72.6%, respectively） （P<0.05）. Conclusion: The majority of patients with NSCLC, who underwent thoracoscopic radical resection, were males with smoking, and the main pathological type was adenocarcinoma. The 5-year survival rate of patients with stage I was 76.0%. Long-term survival after thoracoscopic radical resection for patients with NSCLC is correlated with the presence of COPD or percent predicted DLCO, which can be used in the risk and benefit assessment when choosing surgery.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the incidence，etiology and diagnosis of acute kidney injury （AKI） in hospitalized patients. Methods：From October 2013 to September 2014，hospitalized patients meeting AKI （KDIGO，2012） definition and beyond 18 years old were screened for a cross-sectional study. The incidence，etiology，diagnosis and departments distributing of AKI patients were analyzed by SAS. Results：（1）The incidence of AKI was 1.6% （1401/87196），male to female ratio was 2.03：1，average age was 63.2±37.2，urban population accounted for 58.3%，the median length of stay was 18 （11，28） days，and median costs was 57.2（25.0-121.6） thousand Yuan. Patients whose renal function recovered completely or partially accounted for 66.5%，and 30 d mortality was 35.3% correspondingly. （2）AKI detection rate，timely diagnosis，delayed diagnosis，and missed diagnosis rate were 0.76%，44%，3.3% and 52.7%，respectively. Renal patients were characterized by highest AKI diagnosis rate （89.3%），while the surgical patients were at the lowest level with missed diagnosis rate of 75.1%. （3） The incidence of AKI varied by different departments：3.5% for nephrologie，1.3% for other internal，1.0% for surgery，and 18% for ICU. Nephrology，other internal，surgery and ICU accounted for 7.4%，37.1%，30.1% and 25.4% of the patients diagnosed with AKI，respectively. Cardiology，hematology，cardiothoracic surgery and ICU had a highrisk of AKI. （4） According to the etiology of AKI，prerenal，renal and post-renal accounted for 42.1%，52.2% and 5.7%，respectively. And prerenal was characterized with higher percentage of young patients with good original renal function； however，the missed diagnosis rate was as high as 85.7%. （5）AKI patients at stage 1，2 and 3 accounted for 38.0%，22.1% and 40.0%，respectively. As AKI stage upgraded，timely diagnosis rate was increased and missed diagnosis rate was decreased，however，it was accompanied by longer AKI stay，worse renal function recovery and higher 30 d mortality. Conclusion：AKI was generally characterized with common occurrence，low detection rate and high missed diagnosis rate. AKI criteria and recognition of high-risk factors needed to be spread among physicians in order to improve prognosis of AKI. Warning system for AKI should be established to improve early detection and diagnosis.

Abstract:Objective: To evaluate a HBV/HCV/HIV nucleic acids parallel assay kit via PCR and chemiluminescence. Methods: The viral nucleic acids of HBV， HCV and HIV were simultaneously extracted with the homemade magnetic nanoparticles and reagents. The information on the target viral nucleic acids was checked by multiple PCR， electrophoresis, and chemiluminescence. The sensitivity， specificity and stability of the kit were also evaluated. Results: The kit was highly sensitive， specific and stable. The detection limits of the kit were 2.0， 3.7 and 166.6 U/mL for HBV DNA， HCV RNA and HIV RNA， respectively. There was no cross-reactivity with the 10 kinds of viruses, and 2 kinds of bacteria, which might cause interference potentially. The expiry date was about 1 year. Among the 10 422 EIA negative samples of blood donors， 12 were HBV positive and 2 were HCV positive. These results completely coincided with those of other current diagnostic methods of commercial kit applied in blood screening. Conclusion: The kit is fast， accurate， highly sensitive and cost-effective. It can be applicable to the genetic diagnosis and epidemiological survey.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the performance of sputum smear negative conversion as an early indicator of treatment success in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Methods：This study was performed in four cities，including Xuzhou，Zhenjiang，Lianyungang， and Nantong in Jiangsu Province of China. All multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients were successively enrolled in the study between December 2011 and March 2014 to analyze the possible factors that may affect sputum negative conversion. Results：A total of 127 patients were enrolled in our study. Among them，106 （83.5%） had a sputum smear conversion，with the median conversion time of 145 d （inter-quartile range：102 to 228 d）. Besides，81（63.8%） were cured； 46（36.2%） were failed or dead. Smoking（HR=0.561，95%CI：0.320-0.984，P=0.044），ofloxacin resistance（HR=0.556，95%CI：0.317-0.975，P=0.041） and sputum smear grading>1（HR=0.557，95%CI：0.334-0.928，P=0.025） were risk factors for sputum smear conversion. Conclusion：Smoking，ofloxacin-resistance，and high smear grade are risk factors for sputum smear negative conversion in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Jiangsu Province.

Abstract:Objective:To expiore the distribution of periodontal biotypes and relate anatomic parameters in maxillary anterior teeth,including crown width/crown length ratio(CW/CL),gingival papilla height(PH)and attached gingival width(AGW),in Han population in Jiangsu Province.Methods:A total of 108 periodontal heathy Han volunteers (52 males and 56 femals)in Jiangsu Province were included.Three kinds of periodontal biotypes,thin-scalloped,thick-scalloped and thick-at,were assessed according to transparency of periodontal probe through gingival margin in maxillary central incisor and some related anatomic characteristics.In addition,CW/CL,PHand AGW of maxillary anterior teeth were also analyzed.Results:In Han population in Jiangsu province,30%persons were thin-scalloped type,51% were thick-flat type,and only 19% were thick-scalloped type.Mean CW/CL in Han population was 0.84±0.09,mean AGW was(4.80±1.39)mm,and mean PH was(3.93±0.80)mm.CW/CL and AGW in thick-flat biotype were singnificantly higher than those in thick-scalloped and thin-scalloped(p<0.05) ,while PH in thick-flat biotype was singinficantly lower than that in the other two biotypes(p<0.05).Conclusion:The most popular periodontal biotype in Han population in Jiangsu Province is thick-flat biotype,which is the biotype with lower aesthetic risks.Differences in CW/CL,PH and AGW do exist in different periodontal biotypes.