Abstract:Objective：To explore the effect of silencing rat（lysine acetyltransferase 7） KAT7 gene on the production of monocyte chemotactic protein-1（MCP-1） in rat glomerular messangial cells（GMC） by sublytic C5b-9 stimulation. Methods：Four kinds of short hairpin RNA（shRNA） stargeting KAT7 gene were synthesized and cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pGCsi-U6/Neo/GFP/shRNA. The recombinant plasmids were transfected into cultured rat GMC by NeonTM transfection system，and KAT7 protein in the transfected cells was detected by Western blot to find out the optimal shRNA against KAT7 gene. Moreover，the expression of MCP-1 both in GMC and in the supernatant was measured by real-time PCR and ELISA assays. Results：Nucleotide sequencing demonstrated that the constructed KAT7 shRNAs were correct. Western blot experiment showed that the shKAT7-2 could effectively silence the target gene. Meanwhile，after the knockdown of KAT7 by shRNA in the GMC，the production of MCP-1 was significantly decreased upon sublytic C5b-9 stimulation. Conclusion：The rat eukaryotic expression vector shKAT7 was successfully constructed. It is preliminarily confirmed that the expression of KAT7 could obviously promote the production of MCP-1 in rat GMC treated by sublytic C5b-9.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the mechanism of aberrant Sonic Hedgehog（Shh）signaling which found in medulloblastom patients’ Suppressor of Fused（Sufu）mutations，and to reveal the relationship between Shh pathway and tumor growth or development. Methods：To create Sufu variants expression plasmids，the influence of Sufu mutants on the expression level of Sufu-/- cell endogenous Gli1 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. The combination of Sufu mutants and Gli were detected by CO-IP assay. MTT assay were used to evaluate the effects of Sufu variants on growth and proliferation of human medulloblastoma cells（DAOY）. Results：Quantitative PCR and Western blot experiments found that Sufu missense mutant（H87R）expression level of endogenous Gli1 showed wild type inhibition level，three nonsense mutants（R146X，R299X，W430X）of endogenous Gli1 expression level increased obviously；Under normal conditions，WT-Sufu can be combined with Gli1 protein，The CO-IP experiment found that the mutants of Sufu had different degrees of damage to the combination of Gli1 protein. The protein turnover rate experiment showed that Sufu mutants could be degraded by proteasome pathway and MTT assay showed that Sufu mutants lost their ability to inhibit the growth and proliferation of human medulloblastom DAOY cells. Conclusion：Clinically observed mutations in Sufu can drive tumor growth and further elucidates Sufu’s role in binding to and suppressing Gli function.

Abstract:Objective：To validate whether interferon regulation factor 3（IRF3）is regulated by long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1（MALAT1）. Methods：Luciferase report plasmid pGL3-56 inserted with IRF3 promoter and MALAT1 knockdown siRNAs（negative control，siMALAT1-1 and siMALAT1-2） were co-transfected to A549 cells，then relative luciferase activities were determined. MALAT1 knockdown siRNAs were transfected to A549 cells，then IRF3 mRNA and protein levels were detected by qPCR and Western blotting respectively. Results：Relative luciferase activities of the siMALAT1-1 and the siMALAT1-2 groups were lower than that of the siNC group respectively，which were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Relative MALAT1 RNA levels of the siMALAT1-1 and the siMALAT1-2 groups were lower than that of the siNC group respectively，which were statistically significant（P < 0.05）；Relative IRF3 mRNA levels of the siMALAT1-1 and the siMALAT1-2 groups were lower than that of the siNC group respectively，which were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Relative IRF3 protein levels of the siMALAT1-1 and the siMALAT1-2 groups were lower than that of the siNC group respectively，which were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion：IRF3 is a target of MALAT1 and MALAT1 regulates the expression of IRF3 by targeting IRF3 promoter.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA（lncRNA）and mRNA in the genital tubercle of hypospadiac rats induced by di-n-butyl phthalate（DBP）. Methods：We placed male and female rats with a ratio of 1∶1 in the same cage and then checked if there was white glue frosting vaginal suppository in the next day to determine the female rats mating successfully，confirmed this day as the first day of pregnancy. By giving rats 800 mg/kg DBP dissolved in 1 mL corn oil in the 13 to 18 days of pregnancy to establish model of hypospadias，the pregnant rats in the control group were given only 1 mL/d corn oil. Fetal rats were taken out from pregnant rats for 19 days of pregnancy. The meatus of urethra was observed with an anatomical microscope to find if male fetal rats developed hypospadias. Then，we removed the genital tubercle of male fetal rats and extracted total RNA in it. RNA sequencing library was constructed and then sequenced with sequencing machine. The sequencing result of lncRNA was analyzed and screened，and function prediction was performed. Finally，we chose eight lncRNAs randomly to validate their level of expression by qRT-PCR. Results：The sequencing results showed that compared with the control group，the hypospadias group had 598 differential expression mRNA，427 differential expression lncRNAs. qRT-PCR results were consistent with the results of sequencing. In the biological process，cell component and molecular function，the most differential expressions of mRNA were related to erythrocyte development，extracellular exosome and haptoglobin binding. The most mRNAs were related to the signaling pathways of viral myocarditis. LncRNAs function prediction showed that the most lncRNAs played in combination of growth hormone releasing hormone receptor；The most lncRNAs were related to the signaling pathways of staphylococcus aureus infection. Conclusion：Compared with normal male rats，the male rats of hypospadias induced by DBP have changed the level of expression of lncRNA and mRNA in the genital tubercle significantly. LncRNA may involved in the formation process of hypospadias and interfered development of genital tubercle by interacting with mRNA.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the effect of miR-29c overexpression on P19 cell proliferation，apoptosis and differentiation. Methods：P19 cells were cultured and transfected with miR-29c mimics. Proliferation was examined with CCK-8 kit and cell cycle was examined with flow cytometey. Apoptosis rate was checked with Hoechst staining and flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression of Bax/Bcl-2 was tested with qPCR and Western blot. P19 cells were induced to differentiate with DMSO and the mRNA expression level of αMHC，GATA4，Mef2c was checked with methods of qPCR. We used bioinformatic analysis，lucierase assays and Western blot to find target gene of miR-29c. Results：Compared with the control group，cells in the miR-29c overexpression group showed a lower proliferation rate and lower S cycle percentage. Apoptosis rate of the miR-29c overexpression group was higher than that of the control group. Expression of Bax of the miR-29c overexpression group was significantly higher than that of the control group，while there was no difference seen in Bcl-2 expression. About The mRNA expression level of αMHC，GATA4，Mef2c，the miR-29c overexpression group was significantly higher than those of the control group at day 6 and day 8. Akt3 was proved to be a target gene of miR-29c. Conclusion：Overexpression of miR-29c can inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis and differentiation in P19 embryonal carcinoma cells with Akt3.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate effects of mature dendritic cells（DCs）on mouse liver ischemia/reperfusion（I/R）injury. Methods：After different treatment of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells collected，staining was performed according to the reagent protocol，and the relevant indexes were detected on the cell flow meter（CD40，CD80，CD86，and MHCⅡ）. A total of 20 healthy male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four main experimental groups（n=5 each），including the ischemia/reperfusion（I/R）group，the NEG-BMDCs pretreatment group，the CON-BMDCs pretreatment group，and the H/R-BMDCs pretreatment group. We chose a nonfatal model of 70% liver I/R（treated with 1 h ischemia，and then 6 h reperfusion）. The mice of I/R group were injected with PBS，the NEG-BMDCs pretreatment group with NEG-BMDCs，the CON-BMDCs pretreatment group with CON-BMDCs，the H/R-BMDCs pretreatment group with H/R-BMDCs，at 1 h before operation. The levels of alanine aminotransferase（ALT），aspartate aminotransferase（AST），interleukin-10（IL-10），interleukin-17（IL-17）in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The mRNA expression of TGF-β，FOXP3，IL-10，IL-17 were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）. Histological haema（HE）stained sections were histopathologically examined using light microscopy. Results：The liver enzyme level were significantly decreased in the H/R-BMDCs pretreatment group，compared to those in the other groups（P < 0.05）. Morphometric analysis and Suzuki’s scores showed that H/R BMDCs improved liver ischemia/reperfusion injury（IRI）to a greater extent than BMDCs from the negative and control groups. The expressions of IL-10 of liver tissue blood serum and liver tissue were upregulated and the expressions of TGF-β and FOXP3 of liver tissue were upregulated in the H/R-BMDCs pretreatment group，while the expression of IL-17 was downregulated in the H/R-BMDCs pretreatment group. Conclusion：Pretreatment with H/R-BMDCs protects mouse from I/R injury by modulating the balance between Treg and Th17 cells.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the effect of fatty liver induced by high fat diet in C57 mice on bone microstructures and the possible mechanism. Methods：A total of 20 C57 male mice（4 weeks old）were enrolled and divided into two groups，fed for 12 weeks either with standard chow（control；n=9）or with high-fat diet to induce fatty liver（HFD；n=11）. Blood，femur，tibia and liver samples were collected after sacrifice. Plasma alanine aminotransferase（ALT）and aspartate aminotransferase（AST）concentration were examined. The liver was stained with H&E and Oil red-O to determine if the mice were suffering from fatty liver and to measure the amount of triglyceride（TG）and total cholesterol（TC）. The bone samples were scanned using a micro-CT system in a high-resolution scanning mode. Total volume（TV），bone volume（BV），total bone volume fraction（BV/TV），connectivity density（Conn.D），structural model index（SMI），trabecular number（Tb.N），trabecular thickness（Tb.Th），trabecular spacing（Tb. Sp），apparent density（Ap.Dens），material density（Mat.Dens）and degree of anisotropy（DA）were compared between control and HFD groups. The number of marrow fat drops was measured by some of the femur with HE staining. Results：In the HFD group，all mice were proved with fatty liver by liver H&E and oil red O staining. Compared to the control group，the HFD group had lower levels of TV［（2.128 ± 0.591）mm3 vs.（3.570 ± 0.330）mm3，P < 0.001）］，Tb.N［（1.769 ± 0.218）/mm vs.（2.284 ± 0.726）/mm，P=0.030）］，SMI（2.950 ± 0.242 vs. 3.820 ± 0.729，P=0.004）and higher levels of Tb.Sp［（0.595 ± 0.083）mm vs.（0.472 ± 0.116）mm，P=0.013］in femur. The HFD group also had lower levels of TV［（1.127 ± 0.338）mm3 vs.（1.741±0.683）mm3，P=0.017］and SMI（2.431 ± 0.501 vs. 3.188 ± 0.465，P=0.003）in tibia. Bone marrow histomorphological analysis showed that the number of adipose drop（AD）per mm2 bone marrow was significantly higher in the HFD group compared with control mice（5.5 ± 2.2 vs. 2.6 ± 0.5，P=0.042）. AD was positively with TV（Femur：r= -0.756，P=0.030；Tibia：r= -0.771，P=0.025）. Conclusion：Our results suggest an adverse effect of fatty liver on bone microstructure in C57 mice. Bone marrow adiposity may be a factor underlying this physiopathologic process.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effect of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase1（11β / HSD1）on glycolipid abnormalities and its role in the development and progression of obesity and insulin resistance. Methods：The adipocyte-specific-11β/HSD1 knockout mice were constructed firstly. Five mice of 5 weeks-old adipocyte-specific-11β/HSD1 knockout mice and C57BL/6 mice were selected separately to establish the model of obesity（DIO）induced by high-fat diet. After feeding 5 and 6 weeks，mice were processed intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test（IPGTT）and insulin tolerance test（ITT），respectively. Mice were sacrificed after feeding 12 weeks，and the weight of body and visceral fat were measured，hematoxylin-eosin staining（HE）was subsequently used to assess the degree of fat vacuoles change. The levels of blood glucose，triglyceride，cholesterol，urea and creatinine were also detected. Expression of 11β/HSD1 and some markers associated with glycolipid metabolism were analyzed by Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. Results：The adipocyte-specific-11β/HSD1 knockout mice were constructed successfully. There was no significant difference in body weight，visceral fat weight between the two groups，but the adipocyte-specific-11β/HSD1 knockout mice decreased concentrations of serum glucose and size of adipocyte，and increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity，compared with the control group. The protein levels of 11β/HSD1 and transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma（PPAR-γ） and CCAAT enhancer-binding proteins alpha（C/EPB-α） were obviously lower in the adipose tissues of adipocyte-specific-11β/HSD1 knockout mice than that of the control group. Conclusion：The down-regulation of 11β/HSD1 expression in adipose tissues can reduce the lipid droplets deposition and improve the insulin sensitivity in DIO.

Abstract:Objective：Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs）in bone marrow microenvironment was found to be involved in the chemoresistance of myeloma cells. In this study，we investigate the role of IL-1β or TNF-α-treated bone marrow MSCs in chemosensitivity of myeloma cell line H929 to doxycycline（DOX）in vitro，and find some possible mechanisms. Methods：CCK8 assay was employed to measure the proliferative rate of H929 cells in the presence of DOX at different concentration，either alone or co-culture with bone marrow MSCs pretreated with IL-1β or TNF-α or not. The apoptotic ratio of H929 cells treated with DOX in the presence of IL-1β or TNF-α-treated bone marrow MSCs or not was determine by flow cytometry（FCM）. FCM was also used with real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR）to measure vascular cell adhesion molecule type one（VCAM-1）on MSCs. The p-Erk1/2 expression level in H929 was measured by Western blot. Results：DOX inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis of H929 in a time and dose-dependent manner. IL-1β or TNF-α-pretreated bone marrow MSCs reduced the cytotoxic effects of DOX in H929 cells. Expression level of p-Erk1/2 was down-regulated in H929 cells in the presence of DOX treatment，and this down-regulating effect of DOX was most pronounced when H929 cells were co-cultured with IL-1β or TNF-α-pretreated bone marrow MSCs. In addition，we found that VCAM-1 expression of bone marrow MSCs was up-regulated by IL-1β or TNF-α treatment. Conclusion：DOX was shown to have cytotoxicity to myeloma cells line H929 in a time and dose-dependent manner in vitro. IL-1β or TNF-α could abrogate the cytotoxic effects of DOX in H929 cells indirectly via bone marrow MSCs. Erk pathway in H929 cells and VCAM-1 expression on MSCs may be involved in this myeloma-protective effects by IL-1β or TNF-α.

Abstract:Objective：Through the detection of the relative abundance of immune negative control molecules programmed cell death protein 1（PD-1） mRNA in T-cell subsets and the PD-1 expression on memory T cells from peripheral blood in type 1 diabetes mellitus（T1DM） patients，type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM） patients and healthy control separately，to further study the relationship of abnormal expression of PD-1 on memory T cells with the development and progression of T1DM which is characterized by pancreatic β-cell destruction. Methods：Peripheral blood mononuclear cells（PBMCs）were isolated from health control，T1DM patients，and T2DM patients separately；PBMCs were further sorted into CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells，then the relative abundance of PD-1 mRNA was analyzed by fluorescence quantitative PCR；PBMCs were marked by fluorescent antibody CD4-FITC，CD45RO-PE，CCR7-APC，CD8-FITC and PD-1-PerCp separately，then analyzed the expression of PD-1 on CD4+CD45RO+CCR7+Tcm cells，CD4+CD45RO+CCR7-Tem cells，CD8+CD45RO+CCR7+Tcm cells and CD8+CD45RO+CCR7-Tem cells by flow cytometry（FCM）. Results：①The relative abundance of PD-1 mRNA in CD4+T cells from the peripheral blood of the T1DM group was significantly lower than that of the T2DM group and the healthy control group；②There was no abnormality for the relative abundance of PD-1 mRNA in CD8+T cells from the peripheral blood of the T1DM group，compared with the T2DM and healthy control groups；③The expression levels of PD-1 on CD4+CD45RO+CCR7-Tem cells and CD4+CD45RO+CCR7+Tcm cells in the peripheral blood from T1DM patients were significantly lower than those of the healthy control and T2DM group；④There was no significant difference for the expression of PD-1 on CD8+CD45RO+CCR7-Tem cells and CD8+CD45RO+CCR7+Tcm cells between the T1DM group，the T2DM group and the healthy control group. Conclusion：For PD-L1 which is expressed on islet β cells can combine with PD-1 on CD4+Tm cells to negatively regulate cell immunity，so when the expression of PD-1 on CD4+Tm cells is abnormal，cell effect will be further enhanced for the loss of negative regulation，so it may eventually lead to the development of T1DM by destroying islet β cells.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate changes and factors affecting serum parathyroid hormone（PTH） level in patients with primary aldosteronism（PA）and its correlation with parameters of left ventricular structure. Methods：A total of 148 patients with primary hypertension（PH）and 59 patients with PA were enrolled in this study. The plasma levels of aldosterone，renin activity，PTH and calcium and related markers were measured. Parameters of Doppler echocardiography were recorded. Univariate and logistic analysis were conducted to investigate the predicators of serum PTH level. Correlation analysis was conducted between the serum PTH levels and parameters of left ventricular structure. Results：Serum PTH level was significantly elevated，along with decreased calcium levels in patients with PA compared with patients with PH（P < 0.05）. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that plasma levels of renin activity（B=-9.229，P=0.030），serum levels of K+（B=-4.577，P=0.003）and Ca2+（B=-11.313，P=0.008） were independently associated with serum PTH level. Serum PTH level was positively correlated with left ventricular diastolic diameter（LVDD），left ventricular end systolic dimension（LVSD）and left atrial diameter（LAD），irrelevant with blood pressure and plasma levels of aldosterone. Conclusion：Elevated serum PTH level is an important character in PA patients. Plasma levels of renin activity，serum levels of K+ and Ca2+ are main factors influencing the serum PTH level in PA patients. Elevated serum PTH level might relate with increased cardiovascular risk in PA patients.

Abstract:Objective：The conflict between thyroid hormones and breast cancer has been studied for years and the purpose was to identify the relationship between thyroid hormones and breast cancer. Methods：Peripheral blood samples of 251 participants including 114 patients with breast cancer and 137 healthy controls between April 2016 and September 2016 were collected. The levels of serum thyroid hormones（TT3，FT3，TT4，FT4，and TSH）were examined to compare the differences in thyroid function tests between the patients with breast cancer and healthy population. Results：There were statistically significant differences in BMI，serum TT3，FT3 and FT4 levels between the breast cancer group and healthy control group（P < 0.05）. The patients with breast cancer were more likely to have a higher BMI（OR=1.112，95%CI：1.021~1.211，P=0.014）and a higher serum FT4 level（OR=1.066，95%CI：1.008~1.126，P=0.025）. There were statistically significant differences in serum FT3，FT4，TSH levels between patients with and without lymph node metastasis（P < 0.05）. The breast cancer with lymph node metastasis were more likely to have a higher serum FT3 level（OR=1.440，95%CI：1.030~2.012，P=0.033）. Conclusion：Breast cancer patients seem to have higher levels of serum thyroid hormones，especially with obesity or lymph node metastasis.

Abstract:Objective：To analyze risk factors of hospital death in patients with postoperative acute kidney injury（AKI）after total arch replacement and to provide a reference for the treatment of patients during hospitalization. Methods：We retrospectively analyzed 123 patients whom underwent total arch replacement and had postoperative AKI in the Guangzhou Military Hospital from March 2007 to March 2017. Among them，23 patients died during hospitalization and were included in the death group，and the remaining 100 patients were discharged smoothly and were included in the survival group. Preoperative，intraoperative and postoperative data were analyzed. After univariate analysis，the risk factors were analyzed by COX regression analysis. According to the AKI classification，the survival rate was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves. Results：The average length of hospital stay was 37.89 days. The COX regression analysis showed that preoperative creatinine（HR value：1.013），diabetes mellitus（HR value：4.291），re-operation for bleeding（HR value：4.412），postoperative hypoxemia（HR value：5.634）were independent risk factors of hospital death in patients with postoperative AKI after total arch replacement，the difference was statistically significant. Kaplan-Meier curve showed that AKI 3 patients had a significant increase in mortality in comparing with AKI 1 patients（P < 0.05）. Conclusion：Preoperative creatinine，diabetes mellitus，re-operation for bleeding，and postoperative hypoxemia are independent risk factors for hospital death in patients with AKI after total arch replacement，and the risk of death is higher in AKI 3 patients.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition on colorectal cancer patients based on the concept of fast track surgery（FTS）. Methods：The patients with colorectal cancer were randomly divided into the early enteral nutrition group（the EEN group，n=31）and the parenteral nutrition group（the EN group，n=31），the EEN Group was given enteral nutrition support 7 days before operation and early enteral nutrition support after operation，the PN group was not intervened before operation and was given parenteral nutrition support after operation. The nutritional，inflammatory and immunity parameters，postoperative defecation time and complications were compared between the two groups at 7 days，1 day before operation and 7 days after operation. Results：One day before surgery，albumin（ALB），prealbumin（PA），interleukin 6（IL-6），CD8+，CD4+/ CD8+ parameters in the EEN group were better than those of the PN group（P < 0.05）；7 days after operation，totalprotein（TP），ALB，PA，C-reactive protein（CRP），IL-6，tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），CD3+，CD4+，CD8+，CD4+/ CD8+ parameters in the EEN group were better than those of the PN group（P < 0.05）. The postoperative defecation time of the patients in the EEN group was significantly shorter than that of the PN group（P < 0.05）and complications had no significant difference between groups. Conclusion：Early enteral nutrition in patients with colorectal cancer can improve the nutritional status and immune function，inhibit inflammation and promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function. It is one of the effective routes for fast track surgery for colorectal cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To observe the effects of lung protective ventilation strategy combined with dexmedetomidine on oxidative stress response，and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with pulmonary carcinoma undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection. Methods：Eighty ASAⅠor Ⅱ patients scheduled for thoracoscopic lobectomy were randomly divided into 4 groups（n=20 each）：conventional ventilation group（group C），lung protective ventilation strategy group（group P），dexmedetomidine group（group D）and lung protective ventilation strategy combined with dexmedetomidine group（group P-D）. Arterial blood samples in all groups were collected at baseline（T0），at the time just before OLV（T1），at 30 min after OLV（T2），at 60 min after OLV（T3），at 120 min after OLV（T4）and 15 min after the restoration of TLV（T5）for blood gases analyse and oxygenation index was calculated. The concentration of serum MDA，SOD were measured at the time points of T0，T1，T3，T4，2 hours after operation（T6）and 24 hours after operation（T7）. The incidiences of postoperative pulmonary complications in all groups were recorded. Results：Compared with group C，OI at T5 in group D，at T1~T5 in group P-D was significantly increased（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）. Compared with group P，OI at T1~T5 in group P-D was significantly increased（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）. Compared with group C，the concentration of MDA at T4，T6，T7 in group P，at T3，T4，T6，T7 in group D and group P-D was significantly decreased（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01），while the level of SOD at T6，T7 in group P，at T4，T6，T7 in group D and at T3，T4，T6，T7 in group P-D respectively was significantly higher than that of in group C（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）. Compared with group P，the concentration of MDA at T3，T4，T6，T7 in group P-D was significantly decreased，while the level of SOD at the same time points in group P-D was significantly increased（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）. Conclusion：Lung protective ventilation strategy combined with dexmedetomidine can further increase oxygenation，attenuate oxidative stress response.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events（MACE）in acute myocardial infarction（AMI）patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）after primary percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）. Methods：A total of 230 AMI patients who received primary PCI were included in our hospital from September，2011 to June，2015. The patients were divided into two groups：the AMI+T2DM group（n=103）and the AMI group（n=127）. The clinical characteristics，coronary angiographic features，PCI outcomes，and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events（MACE）including cardiac death，heart failure，target vessel revascularization and thrombosis within the stent at 30 days and 3 years were compared. Results：There was no difference in acute successful rate of intervention between the two groups. At 30 days after PCI，the incidence of heart failure was higher in the AMI+T2DM group than that in the AMI group（10.67% vs. 3.14%，P=0.03）. However，no significant differences in rate of thrombosis within stent and target vessel revascularization（TVR）were observed（1.94% vs. 0.79%，4.85% vs. 3.15%，respectively，both P > 0.05）. During 3-year follow up period，the incidences of cardiac death，TVR and heart failure were significantly higher in AMI patients with T2DM than without T2DM patients（8.93% vs. 2.36%，P=0.032；6.79% vs. 0.79%，P=0.024；14.56% vs. 4.72%，P=0.012，respectively）. Conclusion：Compared to AMI patients without T2DM，the incidence of TVR was significantly higher during long-term follow up and the incidence of heart failure was significantly higher during both short- and long-term follow up in AMI patients with T2DM.

Abstract:Long non-coding RNAs（lncRNAs） are a class of RNA molecules with length longer than 200 nucleotides regulating gene expression and playing an important role in the physiological and pathological process，differential expression of lncRNA is significantly associated with tumorigenesis and tumor progression. LncRNA gene variants can alter the genetic structure，led to wide polymorphisms of lncRNA genes which involved in carcinogenesis，metastasis and prognosis. They are expected to become novel tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review summarized the recent progresses worldwidely to explore the importance of lncRNA gene polymorphisms as potential clinical tumor markers in the risk assessment，curative effect prediction and prognostic judgment.

Abstract:MicroRNAs（miRNAs）are highly conserved，small and non-coding RNA molecules approximately 18-24 nucleotides in length which act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Since their discovery，miRNAs have been shown to regulate the complex biological processes linked to multiple cardiovascular diseases，including myocardial hypertrophy，arrhythmias，hypertension，atherosclerosis，acute coronary syndrome（ACS），acute myocardial infarction（AMI），heart failure（HF），pulmonaryarterial hypertension（PAH）and etc. Furthermore，circulating miRNAs have been extensively investigated as novel biomarkers. Besides that，the multiple regulatory functions of miRNAs indicate that miRNAs have prospective applications in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. However，there are still significant obstacles that need to be overcome before miRNAs are used as both diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and targeted therapy strategies for cardiovascular diseases，and there is still a need for extensive and systematic research.