Abstract:Objective：To investigate the therapeutic effect of 3D bioprinted salvianolic acid B（SAB）-sodium alginate-gelatin skin scaffold on diabetic rat wounds. Methods：The 0%，0.5%，1.0% and 1.5% of bioinks were prepared according to the percentage of SAB in the total weight of sodium alginate and gelatin. Skin scaffolds with different types were produced by biological 3D printing technology. The microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy，and the concentration of SAB in vitro was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Skin scaffolds were used to treat wounds in type 2 diabetic rats that were divided into the control group，the vaseline gauze group，and the skin scaffold groups（0%SAB，0.5%SAB，1.0%SAB，1.5%SAB groups）. The healing and exudation of the wounds were observed on day 7 and 14. Meanwhile，the wound tissues wete taken for HE and Masson staining，as well as for reactive oxygen species（ROS）detection，and the levels of superoxide dismutase（SOD），glutathione peroxidase（GSH-PX）， catalase（CAT）and malondialdehyde（MDA）were detected. Results：Skin scaffolds in the four groups showed a mesh-like 3D structure with uniform pore distribution. The cumulative release of SAB increased gradually over time. General observations showed that wounds healed well in each group and healed better in 1.0% SAB group than in other groups. On day 7，ROS Levels were lower in the 1.0% SAB group than in other groups（P < 0.05）. On day 14，ROS levels were lower in the 1.0% SAB group than in all groups except the 1.5% SAB group（P < 0.01），and there was no significant difference in ROS levels between the 1.0% SAB group and the 1.5% SAB group（P=0.136）. On day 7，the levels of SOD，GSH-PX and CAT were higher in the 1.0%SAB group than in other groups （P < 0.05），MDA level was lower in the 1.0% SAB group than in the control group，vaseline gauze group and 0% SAB group（P < 0.05）. On day 14，the levels of SOD，GSH-PX and CAT were higher in the 1.0%SAB group than in the control group，vasolin gauze group and the 0% SAB group（P < 0.05），MDA level was lower in the 1.0% SAB group than in the control group and vaseline gauze group（P < 0.05）. HE staining showed that the wounds were well repaired in each group and more new tissues were formed in the 1.0% SAB group than in other groups. Masson staining showed that on day 7 and 14，collagen deposition in the 0.5%，1.0%，1.5% SAB groups was more than that in other groups（P < 0.05）. Conclusion：The 1.0% SAB-sodium alginate-gelatin skin scaffold on the day 7 and 14 may not only inhibits the generation of ROS and upregulates the expression of various antioxidant enzymes，thereby inhibiting oxidative stress response in wound tissues，but also promotes collagen deposition，ultimately enhancing wound healing in diabetic rat.

Abstract:Objective：To analyze the expression of C-C motif chemokine receptor 8（CCR8）in tumor-infiltrating regulatory T（Treg） cells in ovarian cancer and to investigate the role of CCR8 in Treg cell differentiation. Methods：An ID8 ovarian cancer cell-bearing model was established in C57BL/6 mice. The flow cytometry was used to detect the expression proportion of CCR8 on Treg in mouse tumor tissues，spleens and peripheral blood，and the expression levels of programmed cell death protein 1（PD-1），cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4（CTLA-4），inducible T-cell costimulator（ICOS）and lymphocyte-activation gene 3（LAG-3）on CCR8⁺ Treg cells. The flow cytometry was also used to detect the changes in the differentiation ratio of naive CD4⁺ T cells to Treg cells in the spleens of C57BL/6 mice before and after the addition of the CCR8 conformational inhibitor AZ084. Results：The expression of CCR8 on Treg cells in the tumors of ovarian cancer -bearing mice was significantly higher，compared with that in the spleens and peripheral blood. Compared with CCR8^- Treg cells，CCR8 ⁺ Treg cells also had a higher expression of immune checkpoint related proteins. AZ084 effectively inhibited the differentiation of naive CD4 ⁺ T cells into Treg cells in the mouse spleens. Conclusion：CCR8 ⁺ Treg cells constitute the major proportion of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells，and CCR8 acts as a primary marker of ovarian cancer-infiltrating Treg cells. Conformational modulation of the CCR8 protein can inhibit the differentiation ratio of Treg cells. The targeted elimination of CCR8⁺ Treg cells may provide new insights for improving the immunosuppressive state of tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the effect and mechanism of neuropeptide Y（NPY）/Y1 receptor signaling in myocardial injury. Methods：The C57BL/6J mice model of cardiac injury was established by subcutaneous injection with isoproterenol（ISO），which was subsequently treated with the specific NPY/Y1 receptor antagonist BIBO3304 by intraperitoneal injection. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups：control group（Saline），ISO group［20 mg/（kg · d）ISO］，BIBO3304 + ISO group［0.1 mg/（kg · d） BIBO3304+20 mg/（kg·d）ISO］，and BIBO3304 group［0.1 mg/（kg·d）BIBO3304］. All the drug was administered continuously for 14 days. The expression of NPY mRNA and protein in the heart of mice were detected by qPCR and Western blot，respectively. The change of myocardial fiber structure and myocardial fibrosis were observed by HE and Masson staining. Levels of cardiac hypertrophy related gene，atrial natriuretic peptide（ANP）and β-myosin heavy chain（β-MHC）mRNA in the heart of mice were also estimated by qPCR.［Leu31，Pro34］-NPY，a specific Y1 receptor agonist，was used to directly treat H9C2 cells in vitro. The mRNA levels of ANP and β-MHC in the cardiomyocytes were detected by qPCR，and the cell viability of H9C2 was measured by CCK-8. The expressions of active β-catenin，phospho-glycogen synthesis kinase 3β（p-GSK3β）and total glycogen synthesis kinase 3β（t-GSK3β）in the heart and H9C2 cells were analyzed by Western blot. Nuclear β- catenin accumulation was estimated by immunofluorescence staining. ICG001，a specific β-catenin inhibitor，was used to treat H9C2，and the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell viability induced by［Leu31，Pro34］- NPY were further examined. Results：Compared with the control group，cardiac NPY mRNA and protein expressions were increased significantly in ISO group（P < 0.05），in which it exhibited myocardial fiber arrangement disorder，high degree of myocardial fibrosis and increased expression of cardiac hypertrophy related gene. Compared with the ISO group，the myocardial damage and fibrosis were effectively alleviated in BIBO3304+ISO group，and the expression of cardiac hypertrophy related gene were decreased（P < 0.01）. Compared with the control group，［Leu31，Pro34］-NPY increased ANP and β-MHC mRNA levels， and decreased cell viability in H9C2 cardiomyocytes（P < 0.01）. Compared with the control group，the protein expressions of active β- catenin and p-GSK3β/t-GSK3β were increased in the heart of mice from ISO group（P < 0.05）. Compared with the ISO group，the expressions of active β-catenin and p-GSK3β were decreased in BIBO3304+ISO group（P < 0.05）. Compared with the control group， ［Leu31，Pro34］-NPY increased expressions of active β-catenin and p-GSK3β，as well as facilitated nuclear β-catenin accumulation in the cardiomyocytes（P < 0.05）. Compared with［Leu31，Pro34］-NPY group，BIBO3304 decreased β-catenin expression in the nucleus， and ICG001 effectively alleviated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell viability reduction（P < 0.01）. Conclusion：NPY/Y1 receptor mediates cardiomyocyte injury and fibrosis through β-catenin pathway.

Abstract:Objective：To construct a rabbit model of abdominal aorta atherosclerosis by a modified balloon injury with a high-cholesterol diet，and evaluate the expression of immune clearance related proteins in early plaques. Methods：A total of 20 New Zealand rabbits were assigned randomly to 3 groups：a sham group，a classical intervention group and a modified intervention group. The high -cholesterol diet and normal diet were given to the intervention groups and the sham group，respectively for one week，after which the model was constructed through the femoral artery. The rabbits in the sham group were given a general diet，anesthetized，skin cut，isolated femoral artery and sutured，but without balloon injury. For the rabbits in the classic intervention group，a balloon was inserted into the abdominal aorta，inflated and unidirectionally pulled 3 times. For the rabbits in the modified intervention group，the balloon was inserted，inflated and a bidirectionally pushed and pulled for 30-40 times. Following the intervention，the two intervention groups received a high-cholesterol diet，while the sham group received a normal diet for another 4 weeks. The intravascular ultrasound was performed to examine the abdominal aorta via the femoral artery，and the injured segments of abdominal aorta were sampled for further hematoxylin-eosin（HE）and immunohistochemistry staining at the end of the study. Results：There was no significant difference in weight gain measured at 4 weeks post intervention among the 3 groups. The intravascular ultrasound demonstrated significant plaque hyperplasia and lumen stenosis in the modified intervention group. HE staining revealed varying degrees of intimal hyperplasia in all samples from both intervention groups. Compared with the classical intervention group，the modified intervention group exhibited significantly increased in maximum intimal thickness［（174.69±53.76）μm vs.（481.50±81.94）μm，P < 0.05］and mean intimal thickness［（77.49±18.02）μm vs.（262.63±53.04）μm，P < 0.05］，a higher intimal /media area ratio［0.39±0.14 vs. 1.57± 0.30，P < 0.05］and severer vascular stenosis［（19.04±5.90）% vs.（52.13±11.31）%，P < 0.05］. The immunohistochemistry staining revealed significantly enhanced macrophage infiltration in the modified intervention group，compared with the classical intervention group. Moreover，a higher expression of the anti-phagocytic protein CD47 in the proliferative intima was detected in the modified intervention group than the sham group and the classical intervention group. Conclusion：The novel rabbit model of abdominal aorta atherosclerosis was established by the modified balloon injury and the high-cholesterol diet，further accelerating early plaque development with an enhanced stability and reliability. A significant necrotic cell clearance impairment was detected in early plaque in this novel model.

Abstract:Objective：To overcome the drawbacks of traditional nanomedicines with a poor stability，a short blood circulation，and a high immunogenicity，a novel zwitterionic nano-vector with sterling stability and non-specific protein resistance were designed and prepared. Methods：A biodegradable carboxybetaine（CB）-modified polycarbonate［PAC（TCB）］was designed and synthesized by ring-opening polymerization and Michael addition reaction，which can form the micelles of around 160 nm via a solvent displacement method. Results：Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity experiments demonstrated that PAC（TCB）micelles possessed the superior characteristics of an efficient cell internalization，and an excellent biocompatibility. The hemolysis assay and in vivo pharmacokinetic experiments confirmed that PAC（TCB）micelles led to a low immunogenicity，a prolonged blood circulation and a negligible antibody effect after repeated injections. Conclusion：The biodegradable zwitterionic-functionalized polycarbonate displays a colossal potential as the nano-vector in drug delivery.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the structure，antioxidant，antimicrobial and biocompatibility of rosmarinic acid（RA）and zinc （Zn）complexes. Methods：The structures of zinc complexes with rosmarinic acid（RA-Zn）were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy，infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The effects of RA and RA-Zn on the proliferative activity of osteoblasts were compared by cell proliferation assay. The antioxidant properties were analyzed by ferric ion reducing antioxidant power assay and 2，2- azinobis（3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid）ammonium salt（ABTS）free radical scavenging assay. The inhibitory activities of RA and RA -Zn against Straphylococcus aureus were compared by the minimum inhibitory concentration assay. Results：The complex （RA -Zn）was successfully synthesized. On the 5th day of treatment，the effect of RA-Zn on promoting osteoblast proliferation was superior to that of RA（P < 0.05）. RA-Zn of 200 μmol/L had stronger antioxidant capacity than RA（P < 0.05）. RA inhibited Staphylococcus aureus activity at the concentration of ≥400 μmol/L（P < 0.05），while RA-Zn showed these inhibitory effect at the concentration of ≥ 25 μmol/L（P < 0.05）. Conclusion：The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties are enhanced by the complexation of RA and Zn ions，which promotes osteoclast proliferation.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia（CLL）carrying exportin 1（XPO1）mutations，providing clues for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods：The clinical data of CLL patients with XPO1 mutations detected in the Department of Hematology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from November 2006 and March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data，treatment responses，and survival outcomes of the treatment native（TN）and relapsed/refractory（R/R）patients with XPO1 mutation were compared. Results：Among 543 CLL patients， 15 patients（2.8%）tested positive with XPO1 mutations. The mutation rates in the TN group（368 cases）and R/R group（175 cases） were 2.4%（9 cases）and 3.4%（6 cases），respectively，with a hotspot mutation（E571K）identified. Most of the patients were in Rai Ⅲ/ Ⅳ stage and Binet B/C group，and had no mutations in the immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable region（IGHV）. XPO1 gene mutation co-occurred with NOTCH1，SF3B1，KMT2D，TP53，and other gene mutations，with TP53 and XPO1 mutations more common in the R/ R group（TN：11.1%；R/R：50%）. The median time to first treatment（TTFT）for patients with XPO1 mutations was 1.8 months，the median progression -free survival（PFS）was 19.8 months，and the median overall survival（OS）was 40.0 months. In the XPO1 non-mutated patients，TTFT was 8.1 months，PFS was 32.5 months，and OS was 49.8 months. Conclusion：XPO1 mutations in CLL are low-frequency mutations often occurring simultaneously with other gene mutations. R/R patients are more likely to carry XPO1 mutations than TN patients，with a higher tumor burden. XPO1 mutated patients tend to have shorter TTFT and PFS，compared with those without XPO1 mutations.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio（NLR）and prognostic nutritional index（PNI） in predicting depression in patients with Parkinson’s disease（PD），and to construct and verify a nomogram prediction model for the risk of PD patients with depression. Methods：182 PD patients treated at the the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were continuously collected as the PD group. According to the hamilton depression rating scale（HAMD）-24 score， the patients with PD were divided into two groups：PD without depression group and PD with depression group. At the same time，175 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations were selected as the healthy control group. The differences in clinical data between groups were compared，and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of depression in PD patients with depression，and based on this，a personalized nomogram model for predicting the risk of depression in PD patients was constructed and validated. Results：Compared with the healthy control group，patients with PD showed lower PNI but higher NLR （P < 0.05）. Compared with PD patients without depression，PD patients with depression showed higher levels of NLR，levodopa equivalant dose（LED），Hoehn-Yahr stage，course of disease，and part Ⅲ of the unified parkinson’s disease rating scale（UPDRS-Ⅲ）； but lower level of PNI（P < 0.05）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR，LED and UPDRS-Ⅲ were independent risk factors for PD patients with depression；while PNI was an independent protective factor for PD patients with depression. Based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis，a individualized nomogram model was constructed to predict the risk of depression in PD patients. The area under the ROC curve（AUC）of the nomogram model was 0.835（95%CI：0.776- 0.893，P < 0.01）. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed χ² =11.576（P > 0.05）. Conclusion：The individualized nomogram model based on PNI，NLR，LED and UPDRS-Ⅲ can effectively predict the risk of depression in PD patients and has certain clinical application value.

Abstract:Objective：We aimed to explore the relationship between thyroid autoantibodies and anti -GM1 antibody in Guillain-Barré syndrome（GBS）patients. Methods：We selected 60 GBS patients who were admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from July 2018 to February 2023 and tested for both anti-thyroid antibodies and Antiganglioside antibody（AGA）levels. According to anti-thyroid antibodies，the patients were divided into normal group and abnormal group. The clinical characteristics，thyroid function and the proportion of AGA in the two groups were compared. Results：Compared with the normal group，GBS patients in the abnormal group had significantly increased anti -GM1 antibody（Ab）（P < 0.05）and anti -GM2 Ab（P < 0.05），and were accompanied by more severe clinical symptoms（P < 0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of abnormal anti-thyroid antibodies［OR=5.184，95%CI：1.377-19.518，P=0.015］and increased free thyroxine（FT4）levels［OR=1.266，95%CI：1.009-1.588， P=0.030］ were independent risk factors for increased anti-GM1 antibody positive rate in GBS patients. Receiver operation characteristic（ROC）curve analysis found that the optimal threshold for thyroperoxidase antibody（TPO -Ab）to predict anti -GM1 Ab positive was 47.9 U/mL，with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 77.8%. The optimal threshold for thyroglobulin antibody（Tg-Ab） to predict anti-GM1 Ab positive was 20.0 U/mL，with a sensitivity of 73.3% and a specificity of 73.3% . Conclusion：Our results suggest an association between thyroid autoantibodies and anti-GM1 antibody in GBS patients，potentially explaining the poorer prognosis of GBS patients with thyroid dysfunction.

Abstract:Objective：To compare the efficacy，complications，and healing between the anatomical meso-esophageal dissection and traditional methods in thoracoscopic esophageal cancer surgery for left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection. Methods：A total of 168 patients who underwent thoracoscopic combined minimally invasive esophagectomy（McKeown procedure）in our hospital for esophageal cancer from January 2017 to June 2018 were collected. Among them，the anatomical membrane method was performed in 100 cases for left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection，while traditional surgical method was used in 68 cases. The surgical data and perioperative complications of the two lymph node dissection methods were compared. Cox regression analysis was used to determine whether the left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection method was an independent risk factor affecting disease-free survival（DFS）in esophageal cancer patients. Results：There were no significant difference in surgical time［（191.5±19.6） min vs.（197.2±16.7）min］，average length of hospital stay［（12.5±2.4）d vs.（12.1±2.1）d］，intraoperative blood loss［（138.8±52.4）mL vs.（132.7±43.3）mL］，etc. between the two groups. The number of resected left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph nodes dissected in the modified group was significantly high［（2.93±1.19）vs.（2.57±0.98），P=0.036］，while the proportion of recurrent laryngeal nerveinjury was significantly low（2% vs. 13%，P=0.010），compared with traditional group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that the method of the dissection of recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node，TMN stage，and tumor differentiation were independent risk factors for esophageal cancer recurrence（P=0.012，0.037，0.045）. Conclusion：The use of the anatomical membrane method to dissect the left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph nodes can significantly reduce postoperative complications of esophageal cancer，effectively improve disease-free survival（DFS）after surgery，and has great application value in the dissection of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph nodes.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the efficacy of a machine learning（ML）model utilizing multi-sequence MRI hand-crafted radiomics（HCR）and deep transfer learning（DTL）features to predict preoperative glioma grading. Methods：Image data were selected from 332 patients［258 cases of high-grade glioma（HGG），74 cases of low-grade glioma（LGG）］in the BraTS2019 dataset. A subset of 30 HGG and 8 LGG cases were randomly selected as test data set，while data from the remaining 294 cases were used as training and validation sets. HCR and DTL features of the lesion were extracted from T1，T2，T1c and Flair sequences，and the top 10 features were selected. Seven ML models were then constructed based on HCR features，DTL features，and a combination of both features of deep learning radiomics（DLR），to evaluate the efficiency of the models in predicting HGG and LGG. The SHAP method was subsequently employed to quantify and attribute the importance of features though analysis after selecting the best model. Results：The ML model constructed by DLR features based on combination of HCR and DTL exhibited the most superior predictive performance. Specifically， when features were filtered using the support vector machine-recursive feature elimination（SVM -RFE）method，the support vector machine（SVM）classifier model integrating T2，T1c and Flair sequences emerged as the best，achieving an area under receiver operating characteristic curve（AUC）of 0.996（95% CI：0.991-1.000）on the validation set，with a Youden index，accuracy，sensitivity and specificity of 0.920，0.976，0.988 and 0.932，respectively. On the test set，the model also displayed a great predictive capacity. SHAP analysis highlighted that the Flair sequence had the greatest feature contribution，followed by the T2 and T1c sequences. Both HCR and DTL teatures make significant contributions. Conclusion：The ML model，based on DLR features of multi-sequence MRI，is effective in glioma grade prediction. The optimal model is the SVM classifier using T2，T1c and Flair sequences after SVM-RFE selection.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the effect of obesity on left atrial function in patients with essential hypertension by using a combined approach of two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging（2D-STI）and real -time three-dimensional echocardiography（RT-3DE）. Methods：A total of 132 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension and 114 controls with normal blood pressure were enrolled from Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from April 2022 to July 2023. According to the body mass index（BMI），they were stratified into six subgroups. Left atrial longitudinal strain and mechanical function indices were obtained using the combined 2D-STI and RT-3DE techniques to compare differences in left atrial function among the groups. Results：Compared to the healthy control group with the same BMI category，the hypertension group showed a decrease in left atrial reservoir strain（LASr） and left atrial conduit strain（LAScd）（P < 0.05）；As BMI increased，LASr，LAScd，total left atrial ejection fraction（LAEFt），passive left atrial positive ejection fraction（LAEFp），and active left atrial ejection fraction（LAEFa）decreased in hypertension patients（P < 0.05），while left atrial contractile strain（LASct）showed no significant difference（P > 0.05）. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that BMI was independently negatively correlated with LASr，LAScd，LAEFt，LAEFp and LAEFa in the hypertension group， respectively（P < 0.05），while systolic blood pressure showed no significant correlation with left atrial function in hypertensive patients （P > 0.05）. Conclusion：Hypertension can lead to the impairment of left atrial function and with an increase in BMI，especially when combined with obesity，the damage to left atrial function may be further exacerbated to a certain extent.

Abstract:Objective：This study aims to review the magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）features of normal grafts at different stages of signal characteristics and complications after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction（ACLR）. Methods：The imaging data of 299 patients who underwent MRI for reexamination after the ACLR at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2012 to March 2023 were reviewed，and were classified according to the different manifestations of graft complications on MRI. Their signal on T1WI and T2WI was described and combined with their clinical symptoms. Results：In 299 patients，signal was highest at 4-6 months postoperatively. Post-transplantation complications were observed in 66（22.07%），of which 5（1.67%）had an anterior displacement of the tibial tunnel ，and 1（0.33%）had a slightly posterior position of the tibial tunnel. Cyclops lesion was seen in 16（5.35%），re-rupture of the graft occurred in 10（3.34%），and 1（0.33%）had a postoperative infection. Cystic signal in the tunnel were present in 33（11.04%）at various times postoperatively. There are 2 patients who underlying anterior displacement of the tibial tunnel had both re-rupture and Cyclops lesion of the graft. Conclusion：MRI plays an important role as a major tool for postoperative follow-up of patients after ACLR. It can clearly reflect the changes of the graft at different stages and the manifestation of complications，providing early detection and warning，so that clinicians can take early interventions to improve the quality of life for patients after surgery.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the application value of coronal T2-weighted Dixon imaging based on magnetic resonance imaging in the classification of interspinous ligament degeneration in patients with low back pain. Methods：Imaging and clinical data of 60 patients with low back pain who underwent lumbar magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）examination from January 2022 to August 2023 were prospectively collected. According to the fat and water images of coronal T2-weighted Dixon sequence，the research group classified the entire interspinous ligament into type A，B，C，D and mixed type. The mixed type included four subtypes：B-C，D-B，D-B- C，and D-C. In the control group，the middle part of the interspinous ligament was classified into type A，B，C，and D by sagittal T1WI/ T2WI sequence. Differences of degeneration types of interspinous ligament between the two groups were compared. Results：The consistency of results between the two classification methods was as follows：for the research group，the Kappa coefficient within observers ranged from 0.852 to 0.916，and between observers ranged from 0.747 to 0.753；for the control group，the Kappa coefficient within observers ranged from 0.801 to 0.823，and between observers ranged from 0.689 to 0.703. The classification results of 122 interspinous ligaments were statistically different between the two groups（P < 0.05）. The incidence of type C in the research group was 54.1%，significantly higher than 9% in the control group. The newly added mixed type had an incidence of 46.7% in the research group，with B-C type and D-C type being more common. Conclusion：The classification method of interspinous ligament degeneration based on coronal T2-weighted Dixon magnetic resonance imaging is reliable and reproducible，which can improve the identification rate of interspinous ligament and the detection rate of type C，and can further distinguish the mixed types and its subtypes.

Abstract:The meninges，a four-layer membrane-like enclosure around the central nervous system（CNS），house a significant population of immune cells and is an important barrier and pathway for entering the CNS；however，the specific immune processes remain elusive. Recent identification of meningeal lymphatic vessels has shed light on the involvement of meninges in metabolite clearance，immune surveillance and response. Here，we provide a comprehensive review of advancements in meningeal immunity research and its implications for associated disorders. Additionally，potential avenues for future investigations in the realm of meningeal immunity are suggested.

Abstract:Metabolic reprogramming is an important feature of tumor cells. Tumor cells reprogram metabolic pathways to meet the energy，materials and redox power required for rapid proliferation. The metabolisms of glucose，glutamine，lipid and one -carbon are important metabolic pathways of tumor. Targeting metabolism pathways can effectively inhibit tumor growth. This review summarizes the abnormal metabolic changes of glucose，lipid，amino acid and nucleotide in lung cancer，as well as the latest exploration of related clinical drugs，aiming to provide new ideas for the prevention，early diagnosis and clinical treatment of lung cancer.

Abstract:Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia（CMML）is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by peripheral blood monocytosis and myelodysplasia. Patients with CMML often present with concomitant autoimmune diseases（AID）. However，the relationship between the pathogenesis of AID and CMML remains unclear，posing challenges for treatment selection. Several studies have suggested that the prognosis and treatment strategy in CMML patients with concurrent AID is of great significance. This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the types，possible mechanisms，prognosis，and relevant treatment progress of concomitant AID in CMML patients.

Abstract:Interstitial lung disease（ILD）patients have a higher incidence of lung cancer. Patients with lung cancer combined with ILD have a shorter survival period，higher mortality rate and great treatment difficulty. ILD and lung cancer share common risk factors and similar pathogenesis. Treatment of lung cancer often causes ILD and acute exacerbation of ILD. Various agents targeting common pathogenic mechanisms of lung cancer and ILD have been demonstrated to be promising therapeutic drug in the treatmeat of lung cance combined with ILD. This article provides a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis，treatment risks，and treatment advances in ILD conlined with lung cancer，aiming to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease for clinical physicians.

Abstract:Fibrotic diseases have brought great clinical challenges due to their extensiveness and complexity. It is imperative to explore the mechanism of fibrosis and seek more effective treatments. Adipose derived stem cells（ADSC）are ideal stem cells for regenerative medicine and can be used as an alternative treatment for many diseases. Recent studies have shown that ADSC has significant anti-fibrosis potential. This article reviews the potential intervention targets involved in the anti-fibrosis process of ADSC， such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition，fibroblast activation，anti -inflammatory and immune regulation，in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of fibrosis.

Abstract:Asthma，a prevalent respiratory disease，remains incompletely understood in terms of its pathogenesis. Airway remodeling，a prominent feature of asthma，occurs early in the disease process. Airway smooth muscle cells（ASMC）are recognized as a critical target in asthmatic airway remodeling，and the phenotypic transformation from normal contraction to proliferation/synthesis is one of the important characteristics of airway remodeling. Autophagy，a cellular process that serves as a defense mechanism，plays a significant regulatory role in the pathogenesis of asthma，particularly in the phenotype transformation of ASMC to promote airway remodeling. In this paper，we review the relationship between autophagy and phenotype transformation of ASMC，as well as relevant findings in the context of asthma pathogenesis，with the aim of inspiring future research endeavors in this field.

Abstract: