Abstract:Objective：To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 3 （RBMS3）in the proliferation of breast cancer and its molecular mechanism by regulating the stability of cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor 1A（CDKN1A，p21）at the post - transcriptional level. Methods：Colony formation and 5 - ethynyl - 2′ - deoxyuridine（EdU） incorporation assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation ability in vitro. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate. Xenograft tumor model in nude mice was established to observe the effect of RBMS3 on tumor growth in vivo. The correlation between RBMS3 and p21 expression was detected by Western blot，quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction，and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore，an actinomycin D assay was performed to verify the effect of RBMS3 on p21 mRNA stability. RNA immunoprecipitation assay，dual-luciferase reporter assay，and rescue experiment were conducted to confirm the direct binding and functional interaction between RBMS3 and p21. Results：Overexpression of RBMS3 inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells and the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice，induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest，and promoted apoptosis. Conversely，knockdown of RBMS3 promoted breast cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore，RBMS3 expression was significantly positively correlated with p21. RBMS3 directly bound to AU - rich elements（ARE）in the 3′ untranslated region（3′ - UTR）of p21 mRNA and enhanced the stability of p21 transcripts. Knockdown of p21 reversed the inhibition in breast cancer cell proliferation induced by RBMS3 overexpression. Conclusion：RBMS3 upregulates p21 expression by directly binding to the ARE in the 3′-UTR of p21 and enhancing its mRNA stability，thereby inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells. These findings suggest that RBMS3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the biological functions and molecular regulatory mechanisms of kinesin family member 11 （KIF11）in colorectal cancer（CRC）. Methods：The expression of KIF11 in CRC was examined by qRT - PCR and public databases. Functional assays（CCK - 8，colony formation，EdU，and Transwell）were employed to evaluate KIF11’s roles in CRC progression. Western blot，RIP - qPCR，MeRIP - qPCR，and RNA stability assays were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of N6 - methyladenosine（m6A）modification for KIF11. RNA sequencing（RNA - seq）and correlation analysis were used to examine the downstream mechanism of KIF11 regulation. Results：KIF11 was highly expressed in CRC and promoted CRC proliferation and migration. Mechanistically，methyltransferase - like 3（METTL3）/insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2（IGF2BP2） enhanced KIF11 mRNA stability and expression in an m6A-dependent way. Furthermore，by means of the PROM1/PI3K/AKT pathway， KIF11 facilitated the progression of CRC. Conclusion：The m6A modification of KIF11 by METTL3/IGF2BP2 contributes to CRC progression via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway，highlighting its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the predictive values of viscoelasticity（VE）for benign and malignant breast imaging reporting and data system（BI-RADS）4 breast nodules. Methods：A total of 102 patients（105 nodules）with BI-RADS 4 breast nodules diagnosed by conventional ultrasound in Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from February 2024 to March 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. VE and shear -wave elastography（SWE）were used to measure ultrasound parameters. Through the system measurement tool“Shell”，the Shell thickness（n）was manually adjusted from 1.0 to 5.0 mm at an interval of 1.0 mm to obtain the peritumoral ultrasound parameters，and the differences of ultrasonic parameters between the two groups were compared. The receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of VE，SWE ultrasound parameters and conventional ultrasound BI-RADS classification alone or combined to predict the nature of BI-RADS 4 breast nodules. Results：A total of 105 BI-RADS 4 breast nodules were selected and divided into the benign group（n=58）and the malignant group（n=47）according to the pathological results. The diagnostic value of Shell2.0 maximum elastic modulus value（Emax）was the highest in the two groups of SWE ultrasound parameters. When the cutoff value was 89.48 kPa，its area under the ROC curve（AUC）for predicting the benign and malignant of BI-RADS 4 breast nodules was 0.709，the sensitivity was 53.20%，and the specificity was 84.50%. The diagnostic value of Shell3.0 maximum viscosity value（Vmax）was the highest in the two groups of VE ultrasound parameters. When the cutoff value was 5.77 Pa·s，its AUC for predicting the benign and malignant of BI -RADS 4 breast nodules was 0.750，the sensitivity was 70.21% ，and the specificity was 72.41% . When Shell2.0 Emax and Shell3.0 Vmax were combined with BI - RADS classification to predict the benign and malignant of BI -RADS 4 breast nodules，the AUC value increased to 0.941，with a sensitivity of 93.60% and a specificity of 93.10%，and the difference was statistically significant（P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusion：VE peritumoral parameters alone have high diagnostic value in predicting the benign and malignant of BI-RADS 4 breast nodules. VE，SWE technology combined with conventional ultrasound BI-RADS classification has the best diagnostic efficiency for the benign and malignant of BI-RADS 4 breast nodules.

Abstract:Objective：To develop and validate a nomogram model based on preoperative contrast -enhanced CT radiomic features combined with clinical factors for predicting the lymph node ratio（LNR）in gastric cancer patients，aiming to provide a basis for individualized treatment decision - making. Methods：Clinical data and preoperative enhanced CT images of 380 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy were retrospectively collected and divided into a training set（n=266）and a validation set（n=114）in a 7∶3 ratio. Radiomic features were extracted from arterial and venous phase images using the PyRadiomics platform. After feature selection，three machine learning algorithms，namely support vector machine（SVM），random forest（RF），and logistic regression（LR）， were employed to build prediction models. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC）curve（AUC）and decision curve analysis（DCA）. Significant predictors were incorporated into multivariate logistic regression to construct a nomogram. Results：The RFmodel demonstrated the best predictive performance，with AUC values of 0.733 and 0.778 in the training set and validation set，respectively. Multivariate analysis identified sex，clinical N stage（cN），and radiomic score（Radscore）as independent predictors of LNR（all P ＜ 0.05）. The nomogram incorporating these factors showed excellent predictive efficacy in the validation set，with an AUC of 0.821，and DCA indicated favorable clinical net benefit. Conclusion：A nomogram integrating radiomics and clinical factors was successfully developed and validated for the preoperative prediction of LNR in gastric cancer patients，which can effectively predict the LNR status of gastric cancer patients preoperatively，helping to identify high - risk patients and guide individualized treatment strategies.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the clinical，imaging，and pathological characteristics，diagnosis，treatment，and prognosis of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma（ACC）. Methods：A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of patients with pathologically confirmed ACC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from April 2015 to December 2024. The clinical manifestations，imaging and pathological features，diagnosis，treatment，and prognosis were summarized. Results：A total of 23 ACC cases were enrolled，with 15 males and a median age of 63 years. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain（13 cases）. Tumors were located in the pancreatic head（15 cases），pancreatic body/tail（7 cases），and diffusely involved the entire pancreas（1 case）. The mean tumor diameter was（54 ± 34）mm. Tumors presented as solid（8 cases，44.4%），solid with necrosis（5 cases，27.8%），and cystic -solid（5 cases，27.8%）. Surgical resection was performed in 22 cases. Pathologically，21 cases were pure ACC，one case was mixed with ductal adenocarcinoma，and one case was mixed with neuroendocrine tumor. Lymph node metastasis was observed in 10 cases，and neurovascular invasion was present in 20 cases. R0 resection was achieved in 19 cases. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 15 cases. Among 21 patients with effective follow - up，the median overall survival was 26 months，and the median recurrence-free survival was 15 months. The 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 90.5% and 44.4%，respectively. The most common sites of initial recurrence were the liver and retroperitoneal lymph nodes，followed by bone， lung，mesenteric lymph nodes，and local recurrence. Conclusion：ACC is a rare malignant tumor characterized mainly by abdominal pain，often presenting as a solid mass with aggressive features. Surgical resection combined with adjuvant chemotherapy is the main treatment approach. Postoperative surveillance should focus on the liver and retroperitoneal lymph nodes for early detection of recurrence and metastasis.

Abstract:Neutrophil extracellular trap（NET），a reticular structure composed of DNA fibers，histones，and antibacterial proteins released by neutrophils，can trap and eliminate foreign pathogens and play a significant role in the initiation and development of tumors. The formation and release of NET are regulated by various factors from the tumor microenvironment，including signaling molecules released by tumor cells，inflammatory cytokines，oxidative stress，and angiogenesis. In addition，NET interacts with immune cells in the tumor microenvironment，collectively shaping the immune characteristics of the tumor microenvironment and participating in critical biological processes，such as metabolic regulation of tumor cells，tumor metastasis，tumor - related thrombosis，and tumor angiogenesis，all of which impact tumor progression and patient prognosis. This review focuses on the multiple mechanisms of NET in tumor progression，explores the mechanisms of NET in regulating tumor cell proliferation and metastasis，altering tumor microenvironment，and affecting tumor angiogenesis and immune escape，as well as the potential application prospect of NET as biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis，to reveal the significant role of NET in tumor biology and provide a theoretical foundation for future research and clinical application

Abstract:Objective：To produce broad - spectrum nanobodies（Nbs）targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 （SARS - CoV - 2）and its variants，and establish a strategy for producing Nbs broad - spectrum neutralizing the virus and its various variants. Methods：Alpacas were immunized with the receptor-binding domain（RBD）of the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain（WT-RBD） to construct a nanobody phage library，and the library was screened by biopanning and ELISA with the RBD of the Delta variant（Delta- RBD）to select Nbs. The selected Nbs were expressed and purified using the Pichia pastoris system，and their properties and functions characterized by ELISA，biolayer interferometry，pseudovirus neutralization experiments，and molecular modeling and docking. Results：Four Nbs were obtained，all exibiting high affinity for WTRBD，while also effectively neutralizing DeltaRBD and the RBD of the Omicron variant（Omicron RBD），with Nb45 effectively neutralizing the pseudovirus of（Omicron -RBD）. We also found that the mechanism of these Nbs for neutralizing SARSCoV-2 and its variants may be related to interfering with the conserved sites on these RBD. Conclusion：The four Nbs obtained have great potential for prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants，and the strategy established in this study can also be widely used for the preparation of Nbs broad - spectrum neutralizing viruses and their various variants.

Abstract:Objective：This study systematically investigates the regulatory role and mechanism of interferon - gamma（IFN - γ）in Crohn’s disease（CD）-associated intestinal fibrosis. Methods：Intestinal fibroblasts were isolated from CD patients and treated with various cytokines[IFN-γ，interleukin（IL）-17A，IL-1β，IL-33，IL-36α，tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α]in vitro. The mRNA expression level of amphiregulin（Areg）in human intestinal fibroblasts was detected using RT-PCR. Following treatment with 20 ng/mL IFN-γ for 48 h，transcriptome sequencing（RNA -seq）was performed，and a protein -protein interaction（PPI）network was constructed using the STRING database. Immunofluorescence was employed to detect myofibroblast markers such as alpha -smooth muscle actin（α-SMA） and antigen Kiel 67（Ki67），evaluating the effects of IFN-γ on the activation and proliferation of human intestinal fibroblasts. Results： Areg significantly promoted the activation，proliferation，and collagen synthesis of intestinal fibroblasts，whereas IFN - γ markedly suppressed Areg expression in intestinal fibroblasts and downregulated fibrosis - related genes including α - SMA，COL1A1，and COL6A1，while also inhibiting fibroblast proliferation and activation. RNA - seq analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes regulated by IFN-γ were significantly enriched in the extracellular matrix（ECM）remodeling pathway. PPI network analysis identified SRC as a core node，suggesting its potential role in mediating the anti -fibrotic effects of IFN -γ. Conclusion：Areg is a key mediator promoting intestinal fibrosis in CD. IFN-γ inhibits Areg expression through transcriptional regulation，and it is found that SRC may be a key effector molecule downstream of IFN-γ. IFN-γ may exert its anti-fibrotic effect by inhibiting the SRC/Areg signaling axis. These findings provide a theorectial basis for the development of anti-fibrotic strategies targeting the IFN-γ/SRC/Areg pathway.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the predictive value of ficolin（FCN）2 and mannose - binding lectin - associated serine protease （MASP）1 in the risk stratification of IgA nephropathy，and to assess their potential application in the Nanjing IgA nephropathy risk stratification system（NJIgAN-RSS）. Methods：A total of 51 patients with primary IgA nephropathy confirmed by renal biopsy and 20 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum levels of FCN2 and MASP1 were measured by enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Based on the NJIgAN - RSS，patients were divided into a low - risk group（RSS 0- 1）and a moderate - high - risk group（RSS 2- 4）. Correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationships between FCN2，MASP1，and various clinical and pathological indicators. Additionally，the predictive value of these biomarkers in the risk stratification of IgA nephropathy was explored. Results： Serum FCN2 levels in patients with IgA nephropathy were significantly elevated compared to those in healthy controls. Furthermore， FCN2 levels exhibited a positive correlation with the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio（UPCR），24 h urine protein excretion（UPE），and endocapillary hypercellularity. Additionally，MASP1 levels demonstrated a positive correlation with UPCR，UPE，and urinary red blood cells. Notably，both eGFR and serum FCN2 were identified as independent predictors for the medium - to - high - risk group in IgA nephropathy. Conclusion：Serum FCN2 possesses a high predictive value for prognostic risk stratification in IgA nephropathy.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the independent association between the triglyceride-glucose（TyG）index and subclinical left ventricular（LV）systolic dysfunction，and to analyze its impact on left ventricular global longitudinal strain（GLS）and myocardial work indices. Methods：A total of 103 patients admitted from August 2024 to February 2025 were enrolled. Clinical parameters，biochemical indicators，and echocardiographic data were collected，and the TyG index was calculated. GLS and LV myocardial work parameters， including global work index（GWI），global constructive work（GCW），global wasted work（GWW），and global work efficiency（GWE） were obtained using GE EchoPAC software. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the independent association between the TyG index and impaired LV function. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the TyG index for LV dysfunction，calculating the area under the curve（AUC），optimal cutoff value， sensitivity，and specificity. Results：Compared to the low - TyG group，the high - TyG group exhibited significantly higher prevalence rates of hypertension（67.31% vs. 43.14%），diabetes（42.31% vs. 7.84%），and dyslipidemia（34.62% vs. 3.92%）（all P ＜ 0.05）. The absolute values of GLS（-17.60 ± 2.65 vs. -19.82 ± 2.12），GWI（1 672.33 ± 308.58 vs. 1 932.31 ± 280.26 mmHg%），and GCW （1 999.46 ± 324.11 vs. 2 299.20 ± 323.32 mmHg%）were significantly lower in the high TyG group（all P ＜ 0.001）. After adjusting for age，sex，body mass index（BMI），blood pressure，dyslipidemia，and other confounders，an elevated TyG index remained an independent risk factor for reduced GLS（OR=2.982，95% CI：1.182-7.522，P=0.021），reduced GWI（OR=3.168，95% CI：1.302- 7.706，P=0.011），and diminished GCW（OR=2.836，95% CI：1.250-7.309，P=0.021）. ROC curve analysis demonstrated the predictive efficacy of the TyG index for reduced GLS，GWI，and GCW，with AUC values of 0.725，0.697，and 0.683，respectively. Conclusion：An elevated TyG index is independently associated with reduced GLS and myocardial work capacity，serving as a potential biomarker for subclinical LV dysfunction and highlighting its clinical utility in early risk assessment for metabolic cardiovascular diseases.

Abstract:Objective：Using the three-dimensional sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution（3D - SPACE）sequence combined with compressed sensing（CS）technology，the anatomical parameters of the trapezoid ligament and the conoid ligament（the two components of the coracoclavicular ligament），such as the length，the attachment footprint width，and the position of attachment footprint center，were quantitatively measured in a healthy population. Methods：Sixty - four volunteers without shoulder trauma who underwent shoulder joint magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）examination were enrolled. The coronal T1-weighted image（T1WI）3D CS - SPACE sequence scans were performed on them. Two radiologists performed multiplanar reconstruction on these images，measuring the length of the trapezoid and conoid ligaments，the attachment footprint width on the clavicle，and the distance from the attachment footprint center to the outer edge of the clavicle on the oblique coronal image. The attachment footprint width on the coracoid process was measured on the oblique sagittal image. The distance from the attachment footprint center of these two ligaments to the outer edge of the coracoid process and the size of the coracoid process were measured on the oblique axial image. When the measurement results of two physicians were consistent，the average was taken for statistical analysis. Volunteers were grouped by sex，the consistency of each parameter was compared，and the correlation between anatomical quantitative data of the coracoclavicular ligament and age or coracoid process size was analyzed. Results：The length of the trapezoid ligament，the attachment footprint width on the clavicle and coracoid process of the trapezoid ligament，the distance from attachment footprint center of the trapezoid ligament to the outer edge of the clavicle and coracoid process，and the distance from attachment footprint center of the conoid ligament to the outer edge of the clavicle and coracoid process all showed statistical differences between males and females（all P ＜ 0.05）. There was no correlation between age and various anatomical parameters（all P ＞ 0.05）. Except for the length of the conoid ligament，the anatomical quantitative parameters of the trapezoid ligament and conoid ligament exhibited varying degrees of correlation with the size of the coracoid process（all P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusion：The 3D CS - SPACE sequence clearly displays the anatomical structures of the trapezoid ligament and conoid ligament，and obtains quantitative anatomical parameters of them，providing a basis for individualized surgical treatment of patients with acromioclavicular joint injuries and reducing the occurrence of complications.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the application value of pulmonary blood flow parameters based on phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging（PC - MRI）in assessing the prognosis of patients with connective tissue disease - associated pulmonary arterial hypertension（CTD - PAH）. Methods：A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and cardiac magnetic resonance （CMR）parameters of 136 patients with CTD-PAH，as well as the main pulmonary artery（MPA）blood flow parameters measured by PC -MRI. Based on the follow - up results，patients were divided into two groups：the group with clinical deterioration events and the group without clinical deterioration events. The comparison of CMR indicators between the two groups was conducted using either the independent sample t-test or the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test. Independent predictors of endpoint events were screened by Cox proportional hazards regression. Subsequently，patients were grouped based on the optimal cut-off point of the receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve，and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to verify the prognostic differences. Results：Compared with the group without clinical deterioration events，patients in the group with clinical deterioration events showed decreased left ventricular stroke volume index，left ventricular ejection fraction，right ventricular ejection fraction，left ventricular cardiac index，main pulmonary artery peak velocity，main pulmonary artery mean velocity（MPAMV）. Additionally，they exhibited increased right ventricular end - diastolic volume index（RVEDVI），right ventricular stroke volume index，right ventricular myocardial mass index，and ventricular mass index. These differences were statistically significant（all P ＜ 0.05）. Cox regression analysis indicated that the MPA MV and RVEDVI were independent predictors of clinical deterioration events in patients with CTD-PAH. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the incidence of clinical deterioration events increased when the MPAMV was ≤6.65 cm/s and the RVEDVI was ≥110.24 mL/m（2 all P ＜ 0.001）. Conclusion：RVEDVI and MPAMV measured by phase contrast sequences are valuable for predicting clinical deterioration events in CTD-PAH patients. Additionally，using both indicators together can further enhance predictive accuracy.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the influence of ¹⁸F-FDG activity on PET/CT image quality and establish a PET image quality restoration method to achieve radiation protection for patients. Methods：A deep learning network SwinUNetR -GAN for restoring the quality of low - activity PET images based on the global feature recognition of Swin Transformer was established. The images of 124 patients who underwent ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT examinations in 2024 were randomly selected to explore the law of PET image quality degradation under different activities of ¹⁸F-FDG and the quality of low-activity PET images was achieved based on the SwinUNetR- GAN network. Results：As the activity of ¹⁸F-FDG decreases，the mean and maximum values of the standard uptake value（SUV） （SUVmean and SUVmax）in normal tissues and tumor lesions in the PET images show an increasing trend. When the activity of 18F - FDG is reduced to 10% of the current clinical activity，the SUVmean of the tumor lesion increases by about 1.1 times，while the SUVmax increases by about 2.0 times. In addition，the use of the SwinUNetR-GAN network can reduce the noise of 10% activity PET images，The absolute deviation decreased from 0.21 to 0.15，and the relative deviation could be reduced from 0.33 to about 0.25. Conclusion：This study clarifies the change law of quantitative parameters of normal tissues and tumor tissues in patient PET images under activity of ¹⁸F-FDG and then，SwinUNetR -GAN network dedicated to low 1¹⁸F-FDG activity PET image quality restoration is proposed，which could achieve the disease diagnosis performance of PET images while reducing the radiation dose deposited in patient.

Abstract:Objective：To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gastroscopic biopsy forceps repositioning technique in peritoneal dialysis （PD）catheter drift. Methods：A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical characteristics of PD catheter drift patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2014 to December 2024. The technical success rate，procedure durations，cost，and complicationswere compared between conservative treatment，gastroscopic biopsy forceps repositioning and surgery repositioning. Results：A total of 721 patients underwent PD catheter placement，and 17 cases had catheter driftafter the operation， with a total incidence of 2.36%. Patients with catheter drift initially received conservative treatment，which achieved a success rate of 11.76%（2 out of 17）. One patient requested laparoscopic repositioning，which was 100% successful（1 out of 1）at a cost of 3 000 yuan. The remaining 14 patients underwent gastroscopic biopsy forceps repositioning，with a success rate of 85.71%（12 out of 14）. The procedure time for this method was（24.00 ± 6.65）min，and the cost was 130 yuan. The two patients who failed gastroscopic biopsy forceps repositioning had a long history of catheter placement over two years. They subsequently underwent successful open surgical repositioning，with a procedure time of 60 min and a cost of 400 yuan. No severe complications occurred in any of the cases，and all patients resumed dialysis function within 24 h postoperatively. Conclusion：Gastroscopic biopsy forceps repositioning technique is a safe，cost-effective，efficient，and minimally invasive technique，with no radiation exposure，andissuitable for the early treatment of PD catheter drift.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the effect of high-fat diet on delayed pleural effusion after single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic lung surgery. Methods：A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 571 patients who underwent single-port video- assisted thoracoscopic lung surgery at the Department of Thoracic Surgery，Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Brain Hospital from December 2021 to June 2023. Patients were divided into a high - fat diet group and a non - high - fat diet（control）group based on postoperative dietary habits. Propensity score matching analysis was used to match the two groups of patients with a ratio of 1∶1，and then the incidence of delayed pleural effusion and other postoperative complications was compared between the matched groups. Results：Before matching，the high-fat diet group included 166 patients，with 45 males and 121 females，and an age of 56.0（49.0， 66.0）years. The control group included 405 patients，with 164 males and 241 females，and an age of 57.0（48.0，67.0）years. After propensity score matching，each group included 130 patients. The high-fat diet group showed significantly higher incidences of delayed pleural effusion（OR=1.080，95%CI：1.013-1.152，P=0.019），postoperative cough（OR=1.203，95% CI：1.091-1.326，P=0.001），and postoperative chest tightness（OR=1.166，95%CI：1.038-1.311，P=0.010） compared to the control group，with statistically significant differences. Conclusion：A high-fat diet after single-port thoracoscopic lung surgery can significantly increase the incidence of delayed pleural effusion.

Abstract:Alzheimer’s disease（AD）is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment，and its pathogenesis is very complex. In recent years，vascular abnormalities such as decreased cerebral blood flow and blood - brain barrier disruption have been found in the early stage of AD，suggesting that vascular factors play an important role in its pathogenesis. As a key structure of brain functional homeostasis，the dysfunction of the neurovascular unit（NVU），including neurons，endothelial cells， pericytes，astrocytes，microglia，and basement membrane，has been considered to be one of the common pathological bases of AD and vascular dementia. Its disorder can lead to cognitive impairment. Traditional Chinese medicine can intervene NVU function through multiple targets and pathways，improve the permeability of blood-brain barrier，reduce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress，and is expected to become an important means to treat AD. This article elaborates the research progress of NVU and its markers regulated by traditional Chinese medicine in the early diagnosis and treatment of AD.

Abstract:Non - alcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）is currently the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide，posing a significant threat to human health；however，its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Research on regulatory cell death has opened new avenues for disease treatment. Among these，ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death，which can be triggered by disturbances in iron metabolism，redox imbalance，and the accumulation of lipid peroxides. Given the liver's critical role in iron storage and lipid metabolism，recent studies have established a close association between ferroptosis and NAFLD. Abnormal lipid accumulation within cells can lead to redox imbalance，which may be a key factor contributing to lipid metabolism disorders. Consequently，inhibiting ferroptosis has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for NAFLD. Glutathione peroxidase 4（GPX4）is a pivotal regulatory protein in ferroptosis，capable of binding glutathione（GSH）to degrade reactive oxygen species（ROS）and hydrogen peroxide，thereby mitigating lipid peroxidation damage. Current research indicates that active components from traditional Chinese medicines，such as astragalus membranaceus，green tea，and coptis，can modulate GPX4 through multiple targets，thereby influencing NAFLD. This review explores the mechanisms by which GPX4 operates within the ferroptosis pathway and identifies herbal extracts that may offer therapeutic benefits for NAFLD through GPX4 regulation.