Abstract:Objective：To explore the risk factors of pathological complete response（pCR）after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer based on clinical and magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）data. Methods：A retrospective analysis was conducted on 175 patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer through biopsy and clinical diagnosis from December 2014 to November 2022，who underwent total mesorectal excision（TME）after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. These patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set in a 7∶3 ratio. The training set included 122 patients，with 30 in the pCR group and 92 in the non-pCR group；the remaining 53 patients served as the validation set（10 in the pCR group and 43 in the non-pCR group）. Clinical data，imaging examination and pathological data of patients before and after treatment were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer. The diagnostic efficacy of predictive factors was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve. The diagnostic efficacy of predictive factors was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve，calculating the area under the curve（AUC），cutoff value，sensitivity，and specificity. Differences in AUC values were compared using the DeLong test. Results：Statistically significant differences were observed in the maximum tumor diameter before and after treatment，the depth of tumor infiltration before and after treatment，the CEA value after treatment，the number of lymph nodes around the tumor after treatment，extramural vascular invasion before and after treatment，imaging T and N stages after treatment，and the mesorectal fascia between the pCR and non-pCR groups. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified extramural depth after treatment was an independent risk factor for evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Extramural depth after treatment demonstrated good diagnostic efficacy in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in both the training and validation sets. The AUC values for the training and the validation sets were 0.783 and 0.765，respectively，with cutoff values of 0.555 and 0.627，sensitivity of 0.870 and 0.852，and the specificity of 0.733 and 0.773. There was no statistically difference after Hosmer - Lemeshow goodness of fit test. Conclusion：Evaluating the extramural depth is helpful to evaluate the pCR rate of locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer，providing a convenient and non -invasive diagnostic tool for clinic practice and guiding individualized treatment.

Abstract:Cancer patients are often combined with depressive symptoms，which is not conducive to the recovery of the disease. Currently，the treatment of cancer with depression is based on drugs，but it is prone to interact with antitumor drugs，and the excessive drug burden may lead to poor patient compliance，affecting the treatment and prognosis of the disease. Therefore，it is particularly important to discover safer and more effective treatments. This article reviews the progress of non-pharmacological therapies at home and abroad in recent years，with a view to providing ideas for optimizing the treatment of cancer with depression.

Abstract:Objective：To construct a predictive model for occult mediastinal lymph node metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma based on clinical and imaging features of the primary tumor. Methods：A retrospective analysis was conducted on lung adenocarcinoma patients，who underwent surgical treatment and lymph node dissection with or without occult mediastinal lymph node metastasis on pathology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2009 to 2019. Multiple clinical and imaging features of the patient were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors，and an imaging model incorporating multiple CT characteristics was constructed. Receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curves were established to evaluate the predictive efficacy and clinical utility value of each model. Results：Among the final 780 patients with normal-sized lymph nodes，145 cases exhibited lymph node metastasis. Univariate analysis suggested that tumor size，axial location， nodule characteristics，morphological features，pleural pulling sign，and type of pleural adjacency were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis indicated that tumor size（OR=1.019，95% CI：1.002- 1.036，P=0.028），nodule characteristics（OR=0.361，95% CI：0.202-0.646，P=0.001），pleural tag（OR=1.835，95%CI：1.152-2.924，P=0.011），and presence of mediastinal pleural abutting（OR=1.796，95% CI：1.106- 2.919，P=0.018）were independent predictors of occult mediastinal lymph node metastasis. The imaging model developed based on these predictors showed an area under the curve（AUC）of 0.75，with a sensitivity of 86.2% and specificity of 53.1%. Conclusion：The imaging model based on chest CT scans demonstrates excellent clinical value in predicting occult mediastinal lymph node metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma. It provides a basis for non-invasive preoperative decision making and surgical treatment planning by clinicians.

Abstract:Cervical cancer，the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide，is more significant and prevalent，especially in low - and middle - income countries. Its occurrence is closely related to human papillomavirus（HPV）infection. Through in - depth analysis and synthesis of related literature，this review indicates that the methylation status of the paired box 1（PAX1）gene can be used as an important marker for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Compared with traditional methods，PAX1 methylation status demonstrated more excellent specificity and sensitivity，providing new possibilities for the early detection of cervical cancer. Meanwhile，it was also found that the methylation status of PAX1 gene can also be used to assess the prognosis of cervical cancer after treatment. In the pathogenesis of cervical cancer，hypermethylation of the promoter region of the PAX1 gene leads to a significant downregulation of its expression，which not only weakens the physiological function of PAX1，but also interferes with the normal regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. In addition，the combination of PAX1 gene methylation and other biomarkers can significantly improve the accuracy and sensitivity of cervical cancer screening. Although the current research on PAX1 methylation is constrained by factors such as small clinical sample size and short research period，it has shown an important role and wide application potential in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. With the continuous development of technology and in - depth research，PAX1 methylation is expected to become an important tool for early screening and personalized treatment of cervical cancer.

Abstract:Objective：This study was aimed to observe and quantify the continuous changes in dental movement and trabecular microstructure in both tension and pressure zones of rats under orthodontic force using the in vivo micro-computed tomography（Micro-CT）scanning. Methods：A 50 g orthodontic force was applied to the left maxillary first molar of five 8-week-old male SD rats. The rats were scanned in vivo at different time points using Micro-CT. The distance of orthodontic tooth movement was calculated in a unified spatial coordinate system. Additionally，trabecular micro-morphological and mechanical property-related parameters in the tension and pressure zones of the moving teeth were measured and statistically analyzed. Results：There was significant displacement of the rat molars within the first 0-3 days，with a decrease in movement rate between 3 and 14 days，followed by an increase in rate between 21 and 28 days（P ＜ 0.001）. Multiple trabecular parameters in both tension and pressure zones showed turning points at 7 days and 14 days，respectively. Specifically，the values of bone volume fraction（BV/TV）and trabecular thickness（Tb.Th）were first decreased and then increased，while those of total porosity volume[Po.V（tot）]，structure model index（SMI），trabecular separation（Tb.Sp），and fractal dimension（FD）exhibited the opposite trend. During the early stage of tooth movement，the slope of increase in trabecular parameters was greater in the tension zone compared with the pressure zone. In the later stage of tooth movement，there were significant differences in the values of BV/TV，Po.V（tot），SMI，and Tb.Sp between the tension and pressure zones（P all ＜ 0.05）. Conclusion： Orthodontic tooth movement in rats occurs in three stages. There are differences in trabecular microstructure remodeling between tension and pressure zones，with bone mass and bone quality both decreasing first and then increasing，reaching their lowest points around 7 days and 14 days，respectively. The active phase of bone resorption in the tension zone occurs early，and bone formation in the alveolar bone of the tension zone lags behind bone resorption in the pressure zone.

Abstract:Objective：To elucidate the activation status and transcriptional heterogeneity of astrocytes in the mouse brain during Huntington’s disease（HD）progression，and screen and identify differentially expressed molecules on the key issue. Methods： Immunofluorescence was employed to examine the transformation of HD astrocytes into reactive astrocytes at both the early and late stages of the disease，and this transformation was then verified by RT-qPCR；Single-cell dissociation and magnetic bead sorting techniques were utilized to isolate astrocytes from mouse brains for subsequent transcriptome sequencing；Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes（DEGs）and perform gene ontology（GO）analysis on the transcriptome data from the early and late stages of HD；Genes related to HD progression were selected for protein-protein interaction（PPI）network analysis， and the expression of core genes were validated. Results：In the late stage of HD，astrocytes transformed into A1-type reactive astrocytes；In the early stage of the disease，DEGs in HD mouse astrocytes were predominantly associated with synaptic functions，such as synaptic cleft and synaptic structure maintenance，whereas in the late stage，they were mainly involved in chemotactic activity， signal transduction，and cellular response functions；The core genes of astrocytes during HD progression were mainly related to angiogenesis，RNA splicing，metabolism，and muscle movement. Conclusion：In the early stage of HD，astrocytes influence neuronal development and synaptogenesis. Later in the disease course，they transform into neurotoxic type A1 reactive astrocytes. Astrocyte heterogeneity genes that are independent of the aging process may serve as effective molecular markers for the progression and prediction of HD，and the findings are expected to provide a new reference for the early detection and treatment of HD.

Abstract:Objective：To elucidate the potential involvement of amphiregulin（AREG）in the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis in Crohn’s disease（CD）. Methods：Differentially expressed genes were identified through transcriptome sequencing following AREG （100 ng/mL）treatment of human intestinal fibroblasts for 48 h，aiming to uncover the underlying mechanisms by which AREG contributes to intestinal fibrosis；fibrotic and non -fibrotic tissues were obtained from CD patients undergoing surgical resection for clinical validation；cell proliferation and migratory capacity were assessed via Ki67 immunofluorescence and scratch assays，while expression levels of Col1a1，Col6a1，and Col6a3 were quantified using qRT-PCR and α-smooth muscle actin（α-SMA）was quantified by Western blot. Results：RNA-seq analysis revealed that AREG enhanced the expression of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3（LPAR3） in human intestinal fibroblasts. Clinical sample validation showed an increased LPAR3 expression at the fibrotic site，and plasma lysophosphatidic acid（LPA）levels were elevated in CD patients with intestinal fibrosis compared with those without. In vitro experiments demonstrated that AREG promoted the secretion of LPA by human intestinal fibroblasts，which subsequently increased the protein expression of LPAR3 and stimulated cell migration，proliferation，activation，and collagen production. The effects on cells were attenuated by LPAR3 inhibitors. Conclusion：AREG may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CD -related intestinal fibrosis through the LPA-LPAR3 signaling pathway；thus，targeting the AREG-LPA-LPAR3 axis may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for managing intestinal fibrosis.

Abstract:Objective：To explore the role of genes related to pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS） and construct an accurate prediction model for PCOS. Methods：The differential expression of pyroptosis-related genes（PRG）between PCOS patients and normal healthy women was analyzed by using three microRNA（mRNA）expression profiles obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus（GEO）database. Four machine learning algorithms，namely the generalized linear model（GLM），random forest （RF），support vector machine（SVM），and extreme gradient boosting（XGB），were employed to identify the gene characteristics of PCOS. Real-time quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR）method was utilized to detect the expression levels of specific genes in the plasma of 10 PCOS patients and 10 normal healthy women. Results：A predictive model and a nomogram were established based on PRG to accurately predict PCOS. Among the four machine learning algorithms，the XGB method demonstrated the highest accuracy in validating the performance of the model，which was further supported by decision curve analysis. Consensus clustering revealed two distinct subgroups within PCOS cases，with Cluster 2 exhibiting higher level of immune infiltration compared with Cluster 1. Differential expression analysis was then conducted to identify differentially expressed genes between the two subtypes，followed by pathway enrichment analysis on the genes. Clinical verification showed that the plasma expression levels of the apoptosis associated speck like protein containing a CARD（also named PYD and CARD domain containing，PYCARD），the absent in melanoma 2（AIM2）， the chromatin modif - yingprotein 4B（CHMP4B）and the NOD - like receptor family pyrin domain containing 2（NLRP2）were significantly higher in the PCOS patients than the healthy controls. This verifies the accuracy of the PCOS prediction model based on PRG. Conclusion：This study may offer preliminary insights into the correlation between PCOS and pyroptosis，and provide a precise predictive model for PCOS.

Abstract:Objective：To analyze the early changes in the gut microbiota of patients aged 50 and above with severe burns using high -throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA（16S rRNA），and to provide a basis for applying intestinal flora intervention strategies in this patient population. Methods：Thirteen patients with severe burns（burn group）and twelve healthy volunteers（control group）were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical data and fecal samples were collected from both groups，and 16S rRNA V4 region gene sequencing was performed to assess the relative abundance of various bacterial taxa. The Rarefy method was employed to generate operational taxonomic units（OTUs），and Z-score normalization was applied to identify differentially abundant bacteria. A heatmap for differential bacterial communities was constructed. The number of fecal microbiota OTUs and diversity indices were analyzed using QIIME. Linear discriminant analysis effect size（LEfSe）was used to identify dominant bacterial groups. The functional abundance of the microbiota was predicted using PICRUSt2 software. The correlations among differential bacterial taxa at the genus level were visualized using the igraph package in R language. Results：The early gut microbiota of severe burn patients was predominantly composed of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota. Twenty - three bacterial genera exhibited significant differences between the two groups（P ＜ 0.05）. The heatmap of differential bacterial communities indicated that the burn group had a slightly lower abundance of microbial taxa than the control group. LEfSe analysis indicated that，compared to the control group，the burn group exhibited a significant increase in bacterial species in one phylum，two classes，six orders，six families，and ten genera. The differential microbial distribution dendrogram suggested that Bacilli were the primary distinguishing marker for the burn group， while Clostridia were the main marker for the control group. KEGG functional prediction analysis indicated no significant differences between the two groups（P ＞ 0.05）. Combined network visualization analysis revealed that Firmicutes exerted the greatest influence， with 136 bacterial genera showing significant positive or negative correlations（|r|＞ 0.3，P ＜ 0.05），primarily through synergistic interactions. Conclusion：In patients aged 50 and above with severe burns，there are significant differences in early gut microbiota compared to healthy peers of the same age. The abundance of beneficial bacterial species is reduced，the proportion of anaerobic bacteria is significantly increased. Additionally，there are certain synergistic and antagonistic interactions among different microbial communities.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the relationship between symptoms，exercise capacity and hyperinflation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）patients；and to try to establish a nomogram prediction model based on spirometry to predict the occurrence of hyperinflation in COPD. Methods：COPD patients and controls with normal lung function were recruited to perform the 6-minute walk test（6MWT）. The COPD patients were divided into a hyperinflation group（39 cases）and a non-hyperinflation group （62 cases）according to the GOLD guidelines. Clinical data，6MWT and lung function were analysed in the three groups. Variables were screened by the Boruta algorithm combined with LASSO regression，and the variables were analysed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression，to establish a nomogram prediction model of the occurrence of hyperinflation in COPD patients and to assess its predictive effect. Results：Compared to the non-hyperinflation group，patients in the hyperinflation group had a shorter 6-minute walk distance（6MWD），a smaller 6MWD as a percentage of predicted value（6MWD%pred），and a mean 6MWD%pred of （86.74±12.54）%，accompanied by the symptoms of a more severe drop in walking pulse-oximetry and a more severe post-exercise leg fatigue. The hyperinflation group had a higher proportion of patients with mMRC≥2 and CAT ≥10. The results of logistic regression analysis suggested that vital capacity（VC）（β=-2.636，OR=0.072，95% CI：0.022-0.232），Maximal mid-expiratory flow of predicted （MMEF% pred）（β =- 0.147，OR=0.863，95% CI：0.790- 0.944）were independent predictors of the occurrence of hyperinflation in COPD patients. The mean values of VC and MMEF% pred in the hyperinflation group were（2.51 ± 0.60）L and（23.05 ± 6.48）%， respectively. The area under curve（AUC）of the reciever operating characteristic（ROC）curve of the nomogram model was 0.897（95% CI：0.836-0.957，P ＜ 0.01）. The mean absolute error of the calibration curve was 0.023. Conclusion：The nomogram model based on the spirometer parameters VC and MMEF% pred can predict the occurrence of hyperinflation in COPD patients. When ventilatory dysfunction was present on spirometry testing in COPD patients，a decrease in the parameters VC and MMEF% pred predicted an increased risk of combined hyperinflation. These patients tend to have reduced exercise tolerance and are multisymptomatic， suggesting the need for clinical focus. This predictive model provides primary community care with an easy-to-implement，method of assessing patients with COPD and facilitates guidance for individualised treatment and rehabilitation.

Abstract:Objective：To summarize the clinical and endoscopic features，as well as clinical outcomes，of patients with terminal ileum lesions，and to explore the diagnostic value of combining clinical and endoscopic features with changes in peripheral blood inflammatory markers for Crohn’s disease（CD），providing valuable evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods：This study was a single - center retrospective study，including patients who underwent colonoscopy between January 2014 and June 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University，with ileal terminal lesions identified. General information，medical records， endoscopy and pathological reports of the patients were collected，and clinical and endoscopic characteristics and etiological diagnosis were statistically analyzed. The patients with CD and non-specific terminal ileum ulcer were screened，and the clinical and endoscopic characteristics and peripheral blood inflammatory markers of the two groups were compared. Results：A total of 956 patients with terminal ileal lesions were included，93 of whom had a clear diagnosis，including CD，intestinal tuberculosis，benign tumors， adenocarcinoma，etc.，425 were lost to follow -up，and another 438 patients with unknown causes. Among the patients with unknown diagnoses，293 underwent follow-up colonoscopy，and 182 of them showed disappearance of lesions. Finally，22 patients with CD and 73 patients with non-specific terminal ileal ulcer were screened out. Compared with the latter，patients with CD have a higher incidence of abdominal pain at initial diagnosis and are more likely to show endoscopic features of ileocecal valve involvement. Peripheral blood inflammatory markers such as platelet count，hemoglobin，albumin，platelet/lymphocyte ratio，and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio，were found to be of certain value in assisting the diagnosis of CD. The combined diagnostic value of the five indicators demonstrated a higher，with an area under the curve of 0.83. Conclusion：Most terminal ileal lesions are non-specific benign lesions and have a good prognosis. For patients with terminal ileal lesions，especially ulcers，identified during initial colonoscopy，attention should be paid to their clinical symptoms and endoscopic characteristics，and combined with changes in peripheral blood inflammatory markers，which can assist in the etiological diagnosis of terminal ileum lesions.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the effect of residual flexion deformity（FD）to a certain degree during total knee arthroplasty （TKA）on the efficacy in patients with severe FD associated with knee osteoarthritis. Methods：A retrospective analysis was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University on the 52 patients with severe FD（＞30°）treated based on the concept of completely correcting FD（within 5°）from October 2013 to September 2017，referred to as the intraoperatively completely -extended group（n=52），and the 43 patients treated based on the concept of appropriately retaining a certain degree of FD（5°-10°）from October 2017 to September 2021，referred to as the intraoperatively incompletely -extended group（n=43）. The operation time，intraoperative blood loss，postoperative lower limb swelling，and the incidence of postoperative complications were recorded. The hospital for special surgery（HSS）score，activities of daily living scale（ADLs），and visual analogue scale（VAS）were also to compare the differences between the two groups. Results：All patients successfully completed the surgery，and were followed up for（35.85±1.99）months（range 33-39 months）. Patients in the intraoperatively incompletely-extended group had shorter surgical time（P=0.001），less operative blood loss（P ＜ 0.001），and had less postoperative lower limb swelling（P ＜ 0.001）. At 3 months post-surgery，patients in the incompletely-extended group had greater residual FD（P=0.038）but less pain（P=0.031）than those in the completely-extended group. No significant differences were found in postoperative HSS and ADLs scores between the two groups. At 6，12，24，and 36 months post-surgery，there were no statistically significant differences in residual FD，HSS，ADLs，and VAS between the two groups. The improvement in HSS scores also showed difference at 3- 6 months post - surgery（P=0.004），but not at other time points. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis（DVT）was lower in the completely -extended group（P=0.048），but there was no statistical difference in the incidence of medium-term and long-term complications between the two groups. Conclusion：In the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with severe FD， retaining soft tissue to a limited extent and appropriately retaining a certain degree of FD（5°-10°）during TKA does not affect the recovery of knee mobility and function and is associated with a lower incidence of DVT.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the correlation between the triglyceride - glucose（TyG）index and the risk of progression of diabetic retinopathy（DR）. Methods：521 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology of the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from June 2022 to June 2023 were included. Based on the diagnosis and staging criteria of DR，the patients were classified into three groups：the no - diabetic retinopathy（NDR）group（n=206），non - proliferative diabetic retinopathy（NPDR）group（n=159），and proliferative diabetic retinopathy（PDR）group（n=156）. General data and major biochemical indexes of each group were compared，the TyG index was calculated，and the correlation between the TyG index and the risk of DR progression was analyzed. Results：Multifactorial logistic regression showed that the TyG index was an independent risk factor for DR. Further ordinal logistic regression showed that after adjusting for confounding factors including sex，age，body mass index （BMI），disease duration，glycated hemoglobin（HbA1c），total cholesterol（TC），low - density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL - C），high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C），creatinine（CR），uric acid（UA），and diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN），the TyG index was significantly associated with the risk of DR progression[Q3 vs. Q1，OR（95%CI）=4.179（2.552-6.848）]. A higher TyG index was associated with a greater risk of DR progression. Subgroup analysis showed that the Q3 group was still more likely to develop severe DR. The results of interaction analysis showed that there was a significant interaction between the TyG index and age as well as BMI， with patients aged ＞ 60 years and those with BMI ＞ 24 having a higher risk of DR. Conclusion：The TyG index is an independent risk factor for DR，and a high TyG index indicates the high risk of DR progression. Elderly and overweight patients are at a higher risk of developing DR.

Abstract:Objective：To investigate the clinical pattern and influencing factors of pediatric Crohn’s disease. Methods：A retrospective analysis was conducted on the baseline data of 59 children who were diagnosed with Crohn’s disease and admitted at the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University，from November 2015 to November 2020. Data collected included age， sex，clinical symptoms，laboratory tests，imaging，endoscopic examinations，and treatment plans. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors of clinical patterns in pediatric Crohn’s disease. Results：Among the 59 children，11 were lost to follow - up，and 48 completed long -term follow - up. During the follow - up，1 child died，1 underwent partial enterectomy，7（14.6%） developed new stenotic disease behavior，and 29（60.4%）had recurrence. Among the 48 children，31（64.6%）reported a decrease in the severity of intestinal symptoms，defined as the quiescent pattern，2（4.2%），5（10.4%），and 10（20.8%）had an increase in symptom severity，chronic persistent symptoms，and chronic reccurrent symptoms，defined as the severe pattern. The regression analysis indicated that wasting at the time of initial diagnosis could be a risk factor for the progression of Crohn’s disease to a severe pattern （OR=4.009，95% CI：1.047- 15.346，P=0.043）. The percentage of children with combined stenosis or perforation was significantly higher in the severe pattern than in the quiescent pattern（41.2% vs. 16.1%）. The initial treatment plan did not significantly affect the disease pattern of Crohn’s disease. Conclusion：Wasting at the time of initial diagnosis may serve as a risk factor for the progression of Crohn’s disease to a severe pattern，indicating the need for more aggressive treatment and close follow-up for these children.

Abstract:Autism spectrum disorder（ASD）is a neurodevelopmental disorder that typically emerges in early childhood，with core symptoms predominantly manifesting in language and social interaction. Although traditional diagnostic tools，such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2，are widely used，they often have limited accessibility and objectivity in younger children and in primary healthcare settings. Due to its strong quantitative capabilities，relatively low cost，and high sensitivity to early speech anomalies in infants，speech recognition technology has emerged as a promising approach for ASD diagnostic support. This paper systematically reviews the latest research on the application of speech recognition in early screening across different age groups， diagnosis of comorbid emotional issues，assessment of disease severity，and multimodal data integration. The findings indicate that extracting acoustic features（such as fundamental frequency，speech rate，and pauses）can effectively distinguish individuals with ASD from typically developing children，while also identifying comorbidities like anxiety，depression，and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Furthermore，multimodal fusion（e.g.，neuroimaging，physiological signals，and behavioral data）can further improve diagnostic accuracy. However，challenges persist，including inadequate data diversity，limitations related to dialect and age applicability，confounding effects of comorbid conditions，and concerns over privacy.

Abstract:Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder is a prevalent cause of shoulder pain，characterized by pain，limited range of motion and functional impairment. Currently，the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease remain unclear，with clinical diagnosis primarily based on medical history，physical examination and imaging data. There are various treatment approaches available both domestically and internationally，but consensus has yet to be reached. This article will review the latest research on the pathogenesis，diagnosis，and treatment advancements of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder.

Abstract: