In view of the current situation of difficult handling and high compensation of doctor ? patient disputes in county?level hospitals，this paper constructs a conceptual model of the influencing factors of doctor? patient disputes in county ? level hospitals. A total of 62 articles were qualitatively analyzed by the literature analysis method and the grounded theory，and 364 reference points were obtained through NVivo software coding. After repeated analysis，comparison and linkage，three core categories are condensed，i.e. individual cognitive differences；institutional policy background and doctor?patient resource strategy to build a conceptual model of the influencing factors of doctor ? patient disputes in county hospitals. From the three dimensions of cognition，system and resources，this paper put forward five strategies for county hospitals to prevent the crisis of doctor ? patient disputes，in order to promote hospital managers to plan ahead，improve the ability to timely identify and deal with the potential crisis of the hospital，and reduce the risk of doctor?patient disputes