Based on the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS)，7 212 elderly people were selected as the study subjects. SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive analysis，chi -square test，and binary Logistic regression analysis to understand the current situation of loneliness and its influencing factors among the elderly people with chronic disease in China. The results showed that the incidence of loneliness among the elderly chronically ill population in China was 26.3%. Average or below self-rated health ，restricted ability to perform daily activities and more than three types of chronic diseases were risk factors for loneliness in the elderly with chronic diseases(P＜0.05). Education level of elementary school and above，living with family，having a spouse，living in affluence，trusting people around，having someone to talk to on regular basis， doing fitness exercises，and providing community provision of spiritual comfort services were protective factors against loneliness in the elderly chronically ill population(P＜0.05). We suggest strengthening family support for the elderly with chronic diseases and pay more attention to their mental health. The government should emphasize the construction of community elderly services and facilities to improve the precision of service supply. We should guide the elderly to change their attitude towards life to actively participate in sports activities.