To understand the current traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)capacity of primary doctors in Jiangsu Province and to put forward policy suggestions for improving the service capacity of primary TCM，this study created a questionnaire using multistage stratified sampling and typical sampling on all primary doctors in Changzhou，Yancheng，Xuzhou and Suzhou. The results showed that the popularization of TCM at the primary level in Jiangsu Province has been effective，and the demand for traditional Chinese medicine services at the primary level is high. The suitable technology of TCM is the shortcoming of TCM service capacity at the primary level. Primary TCM services still face the problem of incomplete capabilities and low levels of competencies. Therefore，it is necessary to strengthen the construction of primary TCM talents，promote the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine，and optimize the guaranteed mechanism of education and treatment. We will attach importance to developing appropriate TCM technologies and integrating lifecycle health services into community-level TCM services. We recommend improving policy support and further enhancing TCM health management and service capabilities at the primary level through information technology.