Through the capacity evaluation of private hospitals in China’s provinces in 2019，this study used the TOPSIS and RSR methods to comprehensively evaluate the capacity of private hospitals in 31 provinces in China to promote the formation of a diversified medical pattern of investment methods and investment entities. The range of evaluation result values of the TOPSIS method showed，the first ranking being Jiangsu Province and the 31st being Qinghai Province，there was a large gap between provinces. The RSR method disaggregation showed that the regression equation constructed with Probit values as the independent variable and the C_i values as the dependent variable was C_i =0.226 6 Probit-0.831 8(F=613.951 9，P＜0.01，R₂ = 0.954 9). Private hospitals in Jiangsu Province，Henan Province，Sichuan Province，Shandong Province and Guangdong Province line in the first rank in the evaluation of medical service capacity. This study suggests that it is essential to narrow down the differences in the allocation of private medical resources between regions， encourage social medical and improve the quality of medical services while strengthening the construction of talent teams in these private hospitals to help reduce the significant differences in medical service capacity among private hospitals in various provinces in China.