This paper conducted a questionnaire survey on patients in a grade A tertiary hospital in Jiangsu Province， which included five parts: general information， knowledge， attitude， the practice of medical insurance policy，and satisfaction with medical insurance service to understand the current situation and explore influencing factors，thus propose measures for accurate publicity of medical insurance policy and improvement of medical insurance service efficiency. The data were analyzed by single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The study found that low - income people have weak understanding of medical insurance policy，young people and people receive medical treatment in allopatry have low willingness to engage in medical insurance policy，and obtain with low satisfaction. We suggest innovating the education form based on the actual needs of patients for the medical insurance policy，correcting the cognitive bias with precise policy publicity，and enhancing the willingness to engage in medical insurance action. We also recommend improving medical insurance service efficiency with information as the starting point and strengthening the medical security system by supplementing it with inclusive commercial medical insurance.