This article evaluates the coupling coordination relationship between primary healthcare service capacity and economic development level in the central region from 2012 to 2021 through the entropy value method，comprehensive evaluation function，and coupling coordination degree to understand the coupling coordination between primary healthcare service capacity，economic development，and its change trend， thereby further promoting the coordinated development between the two systems. The results show that from 2012 to 2021，the capacity of primary healthcare services and the level of economic development in the central region tended to develop in a coordinated manner，and the mean value of the coupling coordination degree of the two systems grew from 0.397 to 0.709. The coupling coordination level changes from mildly dysfunctional to intermediate coordinated. The one with the highest coupling coordination level is Henan Province，reaching the level of high - quality coordination，followed by Hunan Province and Hubei Province for good - coordinated development. The one with the lowest coupling coordination level is Shanxi Province，which is at the stage of intermediate dissonance. Although the overall coupling coordination level in the central region is relatively stable，the coordinated development of each region is still unstable，with a state in which the capacity of primary healthcare services lags the level of economic development. Therefore，it is necessary to improve the coupling coordination between the capacity of primary healthcare services and economic development，and reduce the differences in the coupling coordination level between each region.