The qualification for medical practice is the legal prevention of the crime of illegal medical practice; the identification of the qualification status is the key to the application of the crime of illegal practice medical practice. The“single certificate theory”and“double certificate theory”which only consider the formal value， risk improperly expanding the application of illegal medical practice crime. The focus should be carried out around the legal interests and only the individual who infringes upon the legal interests of public health security can constitute the crime of illegal medical practices. When unqualified individuals and qualified medical practitioners jointly engage in medical activities，the behavior does not constitute the crime of illegal medical practice，and only if a qualified doctor who fails to guide and supervise the medical behavior may commit the crime of illegal medical practice.