After the founding of the People’s Republic of China，Mao Zedong formulated a series of healthcare systems and guidelines based on inheriting and developing the Marxist concept of health following the severe international and domestic environment，and formed Mao Zedong’s important discourse on public health. The main contents include attaching great importance to the significance of public health policies， regarding public health，epidemic prevention，and general healthcare work as a major political task. Mao also stressed the importance of adhering to the basic value orientation of the new China’s public health policy，that is，populism and public welfare，emphasizing the implementation of public health at the grassroots level， adhering to the principle of integrating traditional Chinese and Western medicine，and establishing a public health protection system centered on equity. Mao Zedong on public health promoted the further development of healthcare at that time，and also had crucial guiding significance and value for healthcare with Chinese characteristics in the new era.