This study conducted a questionnaire survey to understand outpatients’trust in doctors and influencing factors，among outpatients in a tertiary hospital in Anhui province. The results show that non -first visits，perceived respect for the healthcare process，high trust in the physician group，overall high trust in the system benevolence，and technology dimensions positively affected the total physician trust score. High scores in the healthcare environment also had a positive effect on the total physician trust score and technical dimension scores. Compared to patients who perceived the doctor - patient relationship to be an active - passive model，those who perceived that the relationship should be a directive-cooperative model as well as a co - participatory model patients scored higher on the benevolence dimension. Medical institutions should optimize the medical environment and focus on protecting patients’privacy. At the social level，we should promote group trust in doctors and enhance the sense of access to the health system. In addition，patients should be guided to participate in the diagnosis and treatment the process and correctly perceive the doctor-patient relationship.