This research collected 1 824 panel data from 32 OECD countries that have entered moderately or severely aging societies from 1965 to 2021 to analyze the threshold effect of population aging on health resources and the inherent laws of population aging level and health resource allocation，which provides references for China’s planning of health resources. The results showed that the level of population aging was significantly positively correlated with the proportion of health expenditure to GDP and the number of doctors per thousand population，but negatively correlated with the number of hospital beds per thousand population. There was a structural leap of 14.486% between the population aging level and the proportion of health expenditure to GDP，with the correlation coefficient increasing from 0.112 9 to 0.169 1. At 17.599%，there was a structural jump in the number of doctors per thousand population，with a correlation coefficient increasing from 0.008 2 to 0.025 9. There was no significant threshold effect between the level of population aging and the number of inpatient beds per thousand population during moderate to severe aging. We recommended that China first increase the training and investment in health human resources in moderately or severely aging regions， while other regions should plan in advance to cope with population aging actively.